JP7275102B2 - 面発光レーザ - Google Patents
面発光レーザ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7275102B2 JP7275102B2 JP2020504873A JP2020504873A JP7275102B2 JP 7275102 B2 JP7275102 B2 JP 7275102B2 JP 2020504873 A JP2020504873 A JP 2020504873A JP 2020504873 A JP2020504873 A JP 2020504873A JP 7275102 B2 JP7275102 B2 JP 7275102B2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009279 wet oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002109 crystal growth method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDVZHDCXCXJPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(3+) oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[In+3] BDVZHDCXCXJPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18361—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors
- H01S5/18369—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors based on dielectric materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18361—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors
- H01S5/18377—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors comprising layers of different kind of materials, e.g. combinations of semiconducting with dielectric or metallic layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18305—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] with emission through the substrate, i.e. bottom emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18311—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18341—Intra-cavity contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18361—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors
- H01S5/18375—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors based on metal reflectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18361—Structure of the reflectors, e.g. hybrid mirrors
- H01S5/1838—Reflector bonded by wafer fusion or by an intermediate compound
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Description
1.第1の実施の形態
裏面出射型の面発光レーザに誘電体層および反射金属層を設けた例
2.第1の実施の形態の変形例
誘電体層を透明導電体層に置き換えた例
3.第2の実施の形態
上面出射型の面発光レーザに誘電体層および反射金属層を設けた例
[構成]
本開示の第1の実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ1について説明する。図1は、面発光レーザ1の断面構成例を表したものである。図2は、面発光レーザ1の上面構成例を表したものである。図3は、面発光レーザ1の裏面構成例を表したものである。
次に、本実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ1の製造方法について説明する。図4A~図4Eは、面発光レーザ1の製造手順の一例を表したものである。
このような構成の面発光レーザ1では、DBR層14と電気的に接続されたパッド電極19と、DBR層11と電気的に接続された電極層21との間に所定の電圧が印加されると、電流注入領域13Aを通してキャビティ層12に電流が注入され、これにより電子と正孔の再結合による発光が生じる。その結果、キャビティ層12、一対のDBR層11,14、誘電体層15および反射金属層16により、発振波長λ0でレーザ発振が生じる。そして、DBR層11から漏れ出た光がビーム状のレーザ光となって光出射面1Sから外部に出力される。
次に、本実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ1の効果について、比較例と参考にしつつ説明する。
次に、上記実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ1の変形例について説明する。
<3.第2の実施の形態>
[構成]
本開示の第2の実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ2について説明する。図12は、面発光レーザ2の断面構成例を表したものである。図13は、面発光レーザ2の上面構成例を表したものである。図14は、面発光レーザ2の裏面構成例を表したものである。
次に、本実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ2の製造方法について説明する。図15A~図15Eは、面発光レーザ2の製造手順の一例を表したものである。
このような構成の面発光レーザ2では、DBR層34と電気的に接続されたパッド電極37と、DBR層31と電気的に接続された電極層41との間に所定の電圧が印加されると、電流注入領域33Aを通してキャビティ層32に電流が注入され、これにより電子と正孔の再結合による発光が生じる。その結果、キャビティ層32、一対のDBR層31,34、誘電体層38および反射金属層39により、発振波長λ0でレーザ発振が生じる。そして、DBR層34から漏れ出た光がビーム状のレーザ光となって光出射面2Sから外部に出力される。
次に、本実施の形態に係る面発光レーザ2の効果について説明する。
(1)
活性層と、
前記活性層を挟み込む第1DBR層および第2DBR層と、
前記活性層から見て前記第2DBR層側の反射ミラーの終端部に相当する誘電体層および反射金属層と
を備えた
面発光レーザ。
(2)
前記誘電体層は、前記第2DBR層のうち、前記活性層側とは反対側に接しており、
前記反射金属層は、前記誘電体層を介して、前記第2DBR層に接している
(1)に記載の面発光レーザ。
(3)
前記第2DBR層のペア数は、前記第1DBR層のペア数よりも少なくなっている
(1)または(2)に記載の面発光レーザ。
(4)
前記第1DBR層および前記第2DBR層によって形成される垂直共振器構造における光路とは異なる経路に、前記活性層への電流を注入するための電極層を更に備えた
(1)ないし(3)のいずれか1つに記載の面発光レーザ。
(5)
前記誘電体層は、厚さが発振波長/(4n)(nは前記誘電体層の屈折率)のAl2O3、SiO2、SiNx、TiO2またはTa2O5からなる
(1)ないし(4)のいずれか1つに記載の面発光レーザ。
(6)
前記反射金属層は、Au、AgまたはAlを含んで構成されている
(1)ないし(5)のいずれか1つに記載の面発光レーザ。
(7)
活性層と、
前記活性層を挟み込む第1DBR層および第2DBR層と、
前記活性層から見て前記第2DBR層側の反射ミラーの終端部に相当する透明導電体層および反射金属層と
を備えた
面発光レーザ。
(8)
前記第1DBR層および前記第2DBR層によって形成される垂直共振器構造における光路と共通の経路に前記活性層へ注入する電流を流す電極層を更に備えた
(7)に記載の面発光レーザ。
(9)
前記透明導電体層は、厚さが発振波長/(4n)(nは前記透明導電体層の屈折率)のITO、または、ITiOを含んで構成されている
(7)または(8)に記載の面発光レーザ。
Claims (5)
- 活性層と、
前記活性層を挟み込む第1DBR(distributed Bragg reflector)層および第2DBR層と、
前記活性層に注入する電流を狭窄するための電流注入領域が設けられた電流狭窄層と、
前記活性層から見て前記第2DBR層側の反射ミラーの終端部に相当する誘電体層および反射金属層と
を備え、
前記誘電体層は、厚さが発振波長/(4n)(nは前記誘電体層の屈折率)のAl 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、SiNx、TiO 2 またはTa 2 O 5 からなり、
前記反射金属層は、前記電流注入領域を平面視で覆うように設けられている
面発光レーザ。 - 前記誘電体層は、前記第2DBR層のうち、前記活性層側とは反対側に接しており、
前記反射金属層は、前記誘電体層を介して、前記第2DBR層に接している
請求項1に記載の面発光レーザ。 - 前記第2DBR層のペア数は、前記第1DBR層のペア数よりも少なくなっている
請求項1に記載の面発光レーザ。 - 前記第1DBR層および前記第2DBR層によって形成される垂直共振器構造における光路とは異なる経路に、前記活性層への電流を注入するための電極層を更に備えた
請求項1に記載の面発光レーザ。 - 前記反射金属層は、Au、AgまたはAlを含んで構成されている
請求項1に記載の面発光レーザ。
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2023067676A JP2023083422A (ja) | 2018-03-07 | 2023-04-18 | 面発光レーザ |
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JP2018041042 | 2018-03-07 | ||
JP2018041042 | 2018-03-07 | ||
PCT/JP2019/004373 WO2019171869A1 (ja) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-02-07 | 面発光レーザ |
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JPWO2019171869A1 JPWO2019171869A1 (ja) | 2021-02-18 |
JPWO2019171869A5 JPWO2019171869A5 (ja) | 2022-01-19 |
JP7275102B2 true JP7275102B2 (ja) | 2023-05-17 |
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JP2023067676A Pending JP2023083422A (ja) | 2018-03-07 | 2023-04-18 | 面発光レーザ |
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JP (2) | JP7275102B2 (ja) |
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EP4020724A4 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2023-09-13 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | SURFACE EMITTING LASER DEVICE |
JPWO2022181085A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 |
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EP3764490A4 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
EP3764490A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
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JP2023083422A (ja) | 2023-06-15 |
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WO2019171869A1 (ja) | 2019-09-12 |
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