JP7246927B2 - 質量分析キット - Google Patents
質量分析キット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7246927B2 JP7246927B2 JP2018544901A JP2018544901A JP7246927B2 JP 7246927 B2 JP7246927 B2 JP 7246927B2 JP 2018544901 A JP2018544901 A JP 2018544901A JP 2018544901 A JP2018544901 A JP 2018544901A JP 7246927 B2 JP7246927 B2 JP 7246927B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fragment
- immunoglobulin
- light chain
- antibody
- sample
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/42—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against immunoglobulins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6803—General methods of protein analysis not limited to specific proteins or families of proteins
- G01N33/6848—Methods of protein analysis involving mass spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6854—Immunoglobulins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/54—F(ab')2
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2560/00—Chemical aspects of mass spectrometric analysis of biological material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/24—Immunology or allergic disorders
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022017497A JP7541045B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-02-07 | 質量分析キット |
| JP2022198753A JP7541070B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-12-13 | 質量分析キット |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1603291.4 | 2016-02-25 | ||
| GBGB1603291.4A GB201603291D0 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | Antibodies |
| US201662368606P | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | |
| US62/368,606 | 2016-07-29 | ||
| PCT/GB2017/050489 WO2017144900A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-02-24 | Mass spectrometry kit |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022017497A Division JP7541045B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-02-07 | 質量分析キット |
| JP2022198753A Division JP7541070B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-12-13 | 質量分析キット |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2019509483A JP2019509483A (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
| JP2019509483A5 JP2019509483A5 (https=) | 2022-12-26 |
| JP7246927B2 true JP7246927B2 (ja) | 2023-03-28 |
Family
ID=55806928
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018544901A Active JP7246927B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-02-24 | 質量分析キット |
| JP2022017497A Active JP7541045B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-02-07 | 質量分析キット |
| JP2022198753A Active JP7541070B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-12-13 | 質量分析キット |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022017497A Active JP7541045B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-02-07 | 質量分析キット |
| JP2022198753A Active JP7541070B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2022-12-13 | 質量分析キット |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12461108B2 (https=) |
| EP (2) | EP3420361B1 (https=) |
| JP (3) | JP7246927B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR102851057B1 (https=) |
| CN (2) | CN108885218A (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2017222399B2 (https=) |
| DK (1) | DK3420361T3 (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES2936783T3 (https=) |
| GB (1) | GB201603291D0 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2017144900A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201708262D0 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-05 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Assay for plasma cell associated disease |
| JP2022519246A (ja) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-03-22 | リジェネロン・ファーマシューティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | 抗体電荷不均一性についてのネイティブマイクロ流体ce-ms解析法 |
| CN110009008B (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-11-06 | 四川大学 | 基于提取的免疫固定电泳图特征对其进行自动分类的方法 |
| CN113811772B (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2024-12-06 | 结合点集团有限公司 | 质谱分析校准物 |
| GB201906599D0 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-06-26 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Mass spectrometry calibrator |
| GB201915946D0 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-18 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Quantitation of immunoglobulins i n mass spectrometry |
| GB202007047D0 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-06-24 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Mass spectrometry controls |
| GB202008887D0 (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-07-29 | Binding Site Group Ltd | A method of identifying or characterising an immune response in a subject |
| GB202016822D0 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-12-09 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Quantitation of immunoglobulins in mass spectrometry |
| CN113720900A (zh) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-30 | 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 | 一种基于madli-tof ms技术检测血清中m蛋白的方法 |
| CN114324557B (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-05-10 | 融智生物科技(青岛)有限公司 | 一种基于MALDI-TOF MS的ζ-珠蛋白的检测方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015154052A1 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Isotyping immunoglobulins using accurate molecular mass |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991003493A1 (en) | 1989-08-29 | 1991-03-21 | The University Of Southampton | Bi-or trispecific (fab)3 or (fab)4 conjugates |
| WO1991006570A1 (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-05-16 | The University Of Melbourne | HYBRID Fc RECEPTOR MOLECULES |
| EP1400536A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 2004-03-24 | Genentech Inc. | Method for making humanized antibodies |
| AU691297B2 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1998-05-14 | Miltenyi Biotec Gmbh | Sterile and pyrogen-free columns coupled to protein for binding and removal of substances from blood |
| JP2826965B2 (ja) * | 1995-01-12 | 1998-11-18 | オリエンタル酵母工業株式会社 | 免疫吸着体とその製造法 |
| ATE285417T1 (de) | 1995-11-03 | 2005-01-15 | Binding Site Ltd | Herstellung von antikörpern |
| US6207370B1 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 2001-03-27 | Sequenom, Inc. | Diagnostics based on mass spectrometric detection of translated target polypeptides |
| US6897044B1 (en) | 1999-01-28 | 2005-05-24 | Biogen Idec, Inc. | Production of tetravalent antibodies |
| JP2008500269A (ja) * | 2003-10-08 | 2008-01-10 | イーバイオサイエンス | 天然免疫グロブリン結合試薬とその作製及び使用方法 |
| GB0501741D0 (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2005-03-02 | Binding Site The Ltd | Antibody |
| US20090030187A1 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2009-01-29 | Tous Guillermo I | Macromolecules comprising a thioether cross-link |
| JP4950879B2 (ja) | 2005-04-12 | 2012-06-13 | 松森 昭 | 心疾患診断用バイオマーカー及びその利用 |
| US7893616B2 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2011-02-22 | Ohio State University | Process to determine enzyme activity |
| JP2010515020A (ja) | 2006-12-21 | 2010-05-06 | ノバルティス アーゲー | 抗体定量法 |
| MX2012003538A (es) | 2009-10-09 | 2012-08-03 | Symphogen As | Cuantificacion multiple de proteinas recombinantes individuales en una mezcla mediante peptidos distintivos y espectrometria de masas. |
| GB201001946D0 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2010-03-24 | Binding Site Group The Ltd | Cancer prognostic assay |
| GB2478520A (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-14 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Kidney prognostic assay |
| GB201117172D0 (en) | 2011-10-05 | 2011-11-16 | Binding Site Group The Ltd | Diabetes |
| GB201121265D0 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-01-18 | Binding Site Group The Ltd | Assay |
| CA2866699A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | Ucl Business Plc | Chemical modification of antibodies |
| WO2014121031A1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-07 | Excelimmune, Inc. | Characterization of antibody mixtures by mass spectrometry |
| WO2015131169A2 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center And Research Institute, Inc. | Personalized myeloma detection |
| EP3175242A4 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-12-27 | Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research | Quantifying monoclonal antibody therapeutics by lc-ms/ms |
| PL3209767T3 (pl) * | 2014-10-21 | 2021-01-11 | Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. | Nowy sposób oczyszczania do izolacji i komercyjnej produkcji zrekombinowanego tnk-tpa (tenekteplazy) |
| EP3353200A4 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2019-06-26 | Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research | IDENTIFICATION OF FREE LIGHT CHAINS FROM IMMOBILIZED LOBULIN BY MASS SPECTROMETRY |
| GB201708262D0 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-05 | Binding Site Group Ltd | Assay for plasma cell associated disease |
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 GB GBGB1603291.4A patent/GB201603291D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-02-24 US US16/078,986 patent/US12461108B2/en active Active
- 2017-02-24 EP EP17708320.1A patent/EP3420361B1/en active Active
- 2017-02-24 JP JP2018544901A patent/JP7246927B2/ja active Active
- 2017-02-24 DK DK17708320.1T patent/DK3420361T3/da active
- 2017-02-24 KR KR1020187027703A patent/KR102851057B1/ko active Active
- 2017-02-24 AU AU2017222399A patent/AU2017222399B2/en active Active
- 2017-02-24 EP EP22190012.9A patent/EP4123308A1/en active Pending
- 2017-02-24 WO PCT/GB2017/050489 patent/WO2017144900A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2017-02-24 CN CN201780013491.5A patent/CN108885218A/zh active Pending
- 2017-02-24 ES ES17708320T patent/ES2936783T3/es active Active
- 2017-02-24 CN CN202211574983.0A patent/CN116148479A/zh active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-07 JP JP2022017497A patent/JP7541045B2/ja active Active
- 2022-12-13 JP JP2022198753A patent/JP7541070B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015154052A1 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Isotyping immunoglobulins using accurate molecular mass |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Michel Goldberg et al.,Specific interchain crosslinking of antibodies using bismaleimides.,Bioconjugate Chemistry,1991年,Vol.2, No.4,pp.275-280 |
| Robert F. Steinhoff et al.,Microarray-based MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry enables monitoring of monoclonal,Methods,2015年12月18日,Vol.104,pp.33-40 |
| 日本生化学会編,新生化学実験講座12 分子免疫学III-抗原・抗体・補体-,1992年,第1版,30-31頁 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017144900A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| DK3420361T3 (da) | 2023-01-23 |
| AU2017222399A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
| JP7541070B2 (ja) | 2024-08-27 |
| US12461108B2 (en) | 2025-11-04 |
| JP7541045B2 (ja) | 2024-08-27 |
| CN108885218A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
| KR20180132651A (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
| ES2936783T3 (es) | 2023-03-22 |
| CA3015296A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| JP2023033281A (ja) | 2023-03-10 |
| GB201603291D0 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP4123308A1 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
| EP3420361A1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| AU2017222399B2 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
| US20190094239A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| KR102851057B1 (ko) | 2025-08-28 |
| JP2022069446A (ja) | 2022-05-11 |
| JP2019509483A (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
| CN116148479A (zh) | 2023-05-23 |
| BR112018067435A2 (pt) | 2019-01-02 |
| EP3420361B1 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7541070B2 (ja) | 質量分析キット | |
| US20230080943A1 (en) | Assay for plasma cell associated disease | |
| AU2017222402A1 (en) | Antibodies | |
| KR20220007131A (ko) | 질량 분석 캘리브레이터 | |
| US20260126453A1 (en) | Mass Spectrometry Kit Including a Cross-linked Antibody or Fragment Thereof | |
| HK40087264A (en) | Mass spectrometry kit | |
| CA3015296C (en) | Mass spectrometry kit | |
| BR112018067435B1 (pt) | Método para purificar ou caracterizar uma imunoglobulina, método para quantificar uma quantidade de um analito de indivíduo ou um fragmento de um analito em uma amostra do indivíduo, método de preparação de uma amostra para análise de espectrometria de massa, método para diagnosticar ou prognosticar uma doença relacionada a células b ou outra doença relacionada com a imunidade, e kits de ensaio | |
| HK40081916A (en) | Assay for plasma cell associated disease | |
| RU2281510C1 (ru) | АНТИТЕЛА, СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИ РЕАГИРУЮЩИЕ С ПРИОННЫМ ПРОТЕИНОМ PrP ИЛИ ЕГО ФРАГМЕНТОМ, И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ | |
| KR20230029629A (ko) | 질량 분석법 컨트롤 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20191029 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20200910 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20201006 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20201218 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210406 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20211005 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20220207 |
|
| C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20220207 |
|
| C11 | Written invitation by the commissioner to file amendments |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C11 Effective date: 20220222 |
|
| A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20220324 |
|
| C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20220329 |
|
| A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20220422 |
|
| C211 | Notice of termination of reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C211 Effective date: 20220510 |
|
| C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20220719 |
|
| C13 | Notice of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C13 Effective date: 20220913 |
|
| C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20221004 |
|
| A524 | Written submission of copy of amendment under article 19 pct |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A524 Effective date: 20221213 |
|
| C23 | Notice of termination of proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C23 Effective date: 20230124 |
|
| C03 | Trial/appeal decision taken |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C03 Effective date: 20230221 |
|
| C30A | Notification sent |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C3012 Effective date: 20230221 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20230315 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7246927 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R157 | Certificate of patent or utility model (correction) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R157 |