JP7240006B2 - セルロース系燃料ペレットの製造方法及び装置 - Google Patents
セルロース系燃料ペレットの製造方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
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- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
- A01G23/067—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps by comminuting the tree stumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
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- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
- C10L5/143—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders with lignin-containing products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/06—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood powder or sawdust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/14—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production
- C10L2290/148—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production of steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/546—Sieving for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/56—Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/56—Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/562—Modular or modular elements containing apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/366—Powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Description
-ディスク又はドラムチッパにより丸太を細かく砕き、20~50mm×20~50mm×3~15mmの一般的なサイズのチップを得ること
-ハンマミル又はナイフリングミルによりチップを粉砕し、5~50mm×0.2~5mm×0.2~5mmの一般的な粒子サイズを得ること
本発明の目的は、技術的かつ経済的に効率的な手法で、丸太から木質系燃料ペレット、特にブラックペレットを製造する方法を提供することである。
上記の目的は、本発明の第1の態様を表す請求項1により定義される方法により満たされる。
鋸刃の幅=2.0mm
モーター=32hp=24kW
送り速度=100m/分(6km/h)
切断高さ=150ミリメートル
切り取られた体積=0.002m*0.15m*100m/min*60分/h=1.8m3
エネルギー消費=24kW/1.8m3/h=13.2kWh/m3、又は25~28kWh/トンの(m3たり約430kgの木材を基にした)乾燥木材。
P(W)=50×(体積流量)cm3/s。
体積流量=送り速度(cm/s)×切断高さ(cm)×切断幅(刃)(cm)
これで、おがくずとなり、この特許が目指している断片である13.9Kwh/m3の無垢材又は約25KWh/乾燥トンの乾燥木材のエネルギー消費が確認される。
Claims (16)
- 大型で長尺の木質材料(23)からセルロース系の燃料ペレットを製造する方法であって、
-i)大型で長尺の木質材料(23)を粒子状木質材料(54)に粉砕することと、
-ii)材料中のリグニンを軟化させるのに十分な温度まで十分な時間加熱した反応器(61)内での熱処理を粒子状材料に施すことと、
-iii)粒子状材料の解繊を引き起こす方法で減圧することと、
-iv)軟化したリグニンをペレットのバインダーとして少なくとも部分的に使用して材料をペレット化することと、を含み、
大型の木質材料(23)の粉砕は、切歯を備えた少なくとも1つの回転ドラム(22)が大型で長尺の木質材料を完全に粉砕するような方法で配置されている粉砕ステーション(12)に大型で長尺の木質材料が投入される、単一工程の作業として実施され、
粉砕ステーション(12)が、そこから漏れ出る粉塵を減らすために減圧下で作動され、
回転ドラム(22)は、個々の鋸刃のスタックとして組み立てられ、個々の刃が別々に交換可能であり、
個々の鋸刃は、隣接する鋸刃に篏合するように配置された回転軸方向の突起と凹部を備えた中央領域を有する方法。 - 大型で長尺の木質材料(23)は、材木用丸太及び材木用丸太の部分から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粉砕は、得られた粒子状材料(54)が約10mmの最大直線寸法、より好ましくは5mmの最大直線寸法を有するように行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粒子状木質材料は、反応器内で180~250℃の範囲の温度で1~15分間加熱される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 加熱プロセスが加圧蒸気によって少なくとも部分的に実施される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 粒子状材料(54)が少なくとも2つの断片に分割され、望ましい最小サイズよりも小さい断片は、望ましい最小サイズよりも小さい断片が熱処理を受ける前に、望ましいサイズ範囲内の粒子状材料から分離される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 望ましいサイズ範囲が2mm~10mmの間、より好ましくは2mm~5mmの間である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 望ましいサイズ範囲より小さい粒子状材料の断片を収集し、加熱プロセスの熱又は持続時間に関してより緩やかな条件を使用して、熱処理及びその後のペレット化を施す、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 大型で長尺の木質材料(23)からセルロース系の燃料ペレットを製造する装置であって、
-大型で長尺の木質材料を粒子状木質材料に粉砕するように構成されている粉砕ステーション(12)と、
-木質材料を、材料中のリグニンを軟化させるのに十分な温度まで十分な時間加熱し、その後、粒子状材料の解繊を引き起こす方法で減圧するように構成されている処理プラントと、
-処理した粒子状木質材料をその後ペレット化するペレット化設備と、を備え、
粉砕ステーション(12)は、切歯を備えた回転ドラムを使用して大型の木質材料(23)を単一工程の作業として粉砕するように構成されており、歯のサイズ及びドラムの回転速度は長尺の木材を望ましい粒子サイズに切断するように適合され、
切断ドラム(22)は、個々の鋸刃のスタックとして組み立てられ、個々の刃が別々に交換可能であり、
個々の鋸刃は、隣接する鋸刃に篏合するように配置された回転軸方向の突起と凹部を備えた中央領域を有する装置。 - 切歯は、粒子状材料の最大の直線寸法に対応する最大の直線寸法を有する、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 切断ドラム(22)は、その歯を除き単一の分割不可能な構造である、請求項9又は10に記載の装置。
- 粉砕ステーション(12)は、断面の寸法が粉砕されるべき最大の丸太の断面の少なくとも2倍である1つの切断ドラム(22)を備える、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 粉砕ステーション(12)は、大直径を有する丸太を粉砕するための2つの切断ドラム(32a、32b)を備える、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 粉砕ステーション(12)から熱処理プラント(13)へ粒子状木質材料(54)を運ぶためのシュート(27)を更に備える、請求項9~13のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 粉砕ステーション(12)を減圧下に置く手段を更に備える、請求項9~14のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 粒子状木質材料を微粒子断片と粗い断片に分割する手段を更に備える、請求項9~14のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NO20171359A NO345925B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | Method and apparatus for production of cellulose based fuel pellets. |
NO20171359 | 2017-08-16 | ||
PCT/NO2018/050211 WO2019035723A1 (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2018-08-15 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE FUEL PELLETS |
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JP2020531617A JP2020531617A (ja) | 2020-11-05 |
JP7240006B2 true JP7240006B2 (ja) | 2023-03-15 |
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JP2020508482A Active JP7240006B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 | 2018-08-15 | セルロース系燃料ペレットの製造方法及び装置 |
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US (1) | US11597888B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3668956A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7240006B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN111164190B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3073004A1 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO345925B1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2020107862A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2019035723A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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NO345925B1 (en) | 2021-10-25 |
CA3073004A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
RU2020107862A (ru) | 2021-09-16 |
CN111164190A (zh) | 2020-05-15 |
JP2020531617A (ja) | 2020-11-05 |
US20210130721A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
RU2020107862A3 (ja) | 2021-09-16 |
WO2019035723A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
CN111164190B (zh) | 2023-07-21 |
EP3668956A1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
NO20171359A1 (en) | 2019-02-18 |
US11597888B2 (en) | 2023-03-07 |
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