JP7213032B2 - 光硬化型粉体塗料組成物、塗装方法および塗装物 - Google Patents
光硬化型粉体塗料組成物、塗装方法および塗装物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7213032B2 JP7213032B2 JP2018147067A JP2018147067A JP7213032B2 JP 7213032 B2 JP7213032 B2 JP 7213032B2 JP 2018147067 A JP2018147067 A JP 2018147067A JP 2018147067 A JP2018147067 A JP 2018147067A JP 7213032 B2 JP7213032 B2 JP 7213032B2
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- NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium chromate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- XWKBMOUUGHARTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diphosphite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])[O-].[O-]P([O-])[O-] XWKBMOUUGHARTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUTOISGCBLBLBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diphosphite Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])[O-].[O-]P([O-])[O-] AUTOISGCBLBLBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
Description
また、本発明は有色粉体塗料と、クリヤ粉体塗料とがドライブレンドされてなり、前記有色粉体塗料および前記クリヤ粉体塗料の少なくともいずれか一方が光硬化型粉体塗料である光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を被塗装物に塗布したのち、光照射によって前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を硬化させる塗装方法であって、前記光照射によって照射された光が、前記クリア粉体塗料を光路として前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を硬化させることを特徴する塗装方法である。
熱硬化性(メタ)アクリル樹脂は、(メタ)アクリル酸と前記熱硬化反応性基を有するビニル単量体とを、公知の方法で反応させることにより製造することができる。
防錆顔料としては、ジンククロメート、ストロンチウムクロメートなどの金属クロム酸塩、鉛丹、亜酸化鉛、塩基性クロム酸鉛、シアナミド鉛、鉛酸カルシウムなどの鉛化合物、縮合リン酸カルシウム、リン酸アルミニウム、縮合リン酸アルミニウム、リン酸亜鉛、亜リン酸アルミニウム、亜リン酸亜鉛、亜リン酸カルシウム、モリブデン酸亜鉛、モリブデン酸カルシウム、モリブデン酸マンガンなどの金属リン酸塩があげられる。
<UV硬化型樹脂>
A:ウベコ-ト(UVECOAT)2100:ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレート(商品名、ダイセル・オルネクス株式会社製)
B:エベクリル(EBECRYL)605;エポキシアクリレート(商品名、ダイセル・オルネクス株式会社製)
C:エベクリル(EBECRYL)168;リン酸変性(メタ)アクリレート(商品名、ダイセル・オルネクス株式会社製)
<熱可塑性樹脂>
バイロン560(登録商標、東洋紡株式会社製)
<熱硬化性樹脂>
クリルコート(CRYLCOAT)2630-2:カルボキシ基含有ポリエステル樹脂(商品名、ダイセル・オルネクス株式会社製)
A:Omnirad 184
B:Omnirad 819
<ワキ防止剤>
ベンゾイン
黄色顔料:クラリアントジャパン株式会社製、商品名Hostaperm Yellow H4G
赤色顔料:クラリアントジャパン株式会社製、商品名Novoperm Red F3RK 70
青色顔料:クラリアントジャパン株式会社製、商品名Hostaperm Blue A4R
白色顔料:酸化チタン デュポン株式会社社製、商品名Ti-Pure R-706
黒色顔料:カ-ボンブラック 三菱化学株式会社製、商品名MA100
ヒドロキシアルキルアミド:EMS社製、商品名Primid XL-552
<流動性調整剤>
ポリアクリル酸エステル:Worlee社製、商品名Resiflow PV 5
<試験板>
鉄製基材:リン酸亜鉛皮膜付き鉄製基材(SPCC-SD)
ステンレス鋼基材:SUS304
塩化ビニル樹脂基材:硬質ポリ塩化ビニル板(JISK6745準拠品)
<外観>
ACT Test Panels LLC社製のtest panelsとの目視による比較で外観を評価した。
◎:STD#4以上
○:STD#3相当
△:STD#2相当
×:STD#1相当
目視により下記の通り評価した。
◎:素地、または下塗りの色が確認されない
○:素地、または下塗りの色が直接は確認されないが、わずかに分かる
△:素地、または下塗りの色が面積で5%程度現れている
×:素地、または下ぶりの色が面積で30%程度現れている
JISK5600-5-6に準拠し、膜厚に関係なく、1mm格子100マスのクロスカット法で評価した。
◎:カット部の縁は滑らかで、どの格子も剥がれがない
○:カット部の縁に沿って剥がれが見られる格子が5マス以下
△:カット部の縁に沿って剥がれが見られる格子が6~35マス
×:カット部の縁に沿って剥がれが見られる格子が35マスを超える
表1に記載されたUV硬化型樹脂、光重合開始剤、着色顔料および各添加剤を均一となるまで予備混合し、エクストルーダー(株式会社池貝製、PCM-30)を用いて、100~150℃で溶融混練する。ついで、溶融・混練物を冷却して固化したのち、固化物を粗粉砕機で粗粉砕したのち、ピンミル(槇野産業株式会社、コロプレックス160Z)を用いて微粉砕する。得られた微粉末を分級して、本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に用いる光硬化型有色粉体塗料UV黄-1~UVM-1を製造した。以下の表1~3において、特に断らない限り、それぞれの数字は「重量部」を示す。
熱可塑性樹脂100重量部、ワキ防止剤0.3重量部、流動性調整剤0.75重量部および黄色顔料50重量部を、製造例1と同様に処理して、粒度40μmの熱可塑性有色粉体塗料(熱塑黄‐1)を製造した。
熱硬化性樹脂95重量部、硬化剤5重量部、ワキ防止剤0.3重量部、流動性調整剤0.75重量部および黄色顔料50重量部を用い、製造例1と同様に処理して、本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に用いる熱硬化性有色塗料(熱硬黄‐1)を製造した。
表2に記載の成分を用い、製造例1と同様に処理して、本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に用いる光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料UVC-1~UVC-7を製造した。
黄色顔料を使用しないこと以外は、製造例2と同様に処理して、本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に用いる粒度40μmの熱可塑性クリヤ粉体塗料(熱塑C‐1)を製造した。
黄色顔料を使用しないこと以外は、製造例3と同様に処理して、本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に用いる粒度40μmの熱硬化性クリヤ粉体塗料(熱硬C‐1)を製造した。
表3に記載の成分を用い、製造例1と同様に処理して、下塗り用のUV硬化型粉体白色塗料(UVP-1)、UV硬化型粉体ライトグレー色塗料(UVP-2)、UV硬化型粉体グレー色塗料(UVP-3)を製造した。
また、表3に記載の成分を用いて、製造例1と同様に処理して、熱硬化型白色粉体塗料(HPP-1)を製造した。また、表3に記載の成分を用いて、アクリル樹脂、メラミン樹脂および白色顔料を撹拌し、キシレンを入れて分散させ、再度撹拌して、熱硬化型白色溶剤塗料(HSP-1)を製造した。
(1)光硬化型粉体塗料組成物の製造
光硬化型粉体塗料UV黄-1、UV赤-1、UV青-1およびUVM-1と、光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料UVC-1とを、表4に記載の各比率でドライブレンドし、光硬化型有色粉体塗料と光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料の配合比を変えた光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を製造した。
なお、表4に記載された塗装例に使用した各配合の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物は、比較例1の配合を除いて全て本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物に係る実施例である。また、各塗装例は全て本発明の塗装方法に係る実施例であり、各塗装例で得られた粉体塗料塗装物は全て本発明の粉体塗料塗装物に係る実施例である。表5~7においても同様である。
・下塗り塗装
試験板として表面にリン酸亜鉛皮膜が形成された鉄製基材(SPCC-SD、縦70mm、横150mm、厚み0.8mm)を垂直方向に吊り下げ、コロナ帯電式静電粉体塗装機(日本パーカライジング社製、GX-304型)を使用して、60kVの電圧で、下塗り塗料UVP-1を、膜厚20μmとなるよう鉄製基材に塗布した。
温度を保持したままメタルハライドランプ(ヘレウス株式会社製、Light Hammer(登録商標) 6 MARK II)を用い、紫外線(波長域320~390nm)を出力2.5W/cm2で3秒間光照射して、下塗塗膜を硬化させた。
下塗塗膜が形成された鉄製基材に、光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を、下塗り塗装と同様にして、膜厚50μmとなるように鉄製基材に塗布した。ついで、熱風、及び赤外線によって140℃まで加熱し、その後その温度を保持したままメタルハライドランプ(ヘレウス株式会社製、Light Hammer(登録商標) 6 MARK II)を用い、紫外線(波長域320~390nm)を出力2.5W/cm2で3秒間光照射して、塗膜を硬化させた。
<粒度の異なる有色粉体塗料とクリヤ粉体塗料とを配合した光硬化型粉体塗料組成物>
(1)光硬化型粉体塗料組成物の製造
光硬化型粉体塗料UV黄-1~5、UV赤-1、UV青-1およびUVM-1と、参考例4で製造された光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料UVC-1~5とを、50対50の比率でドライブレンドし、粒度が異なる光硬化型有色粉体塗料と光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料とが配合された本発明の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を製造した。
前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を用い、塗装例2と同様にして、鉄製基材に下塗り塗装および本塗装を行った。
(1)光硬化性有色粉体塗料 UV黄-1、熱可塑性有色粉体塗料 熱塑黄-1、熱硬化性有色粉体塗料 熱硬黄-1と、光硬化性クリヤ粉体塗料 UVC-1、熱可塑性クリヤ粉体塗料 熱塑C-1、熱硬化性クリヤ粉体塗料 熱硬C-1とを、それぞれ50対50の比率でドライブレンドし、異なる樹脂が配合された光硬化性粉体塗料組成物を製造した。
前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を用い、塗装例2と同様にして、鉄製基材に下塗り塗装および本塗装を行った。
(1)光硬化型粉体塗料UV黄-1と、光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料UVC-1とを、50/50の配合比でドライブレンドして光硬化性粉体塗料組成物を製造した。
種々L値の異なる下塗塗膜に、塗装例2と同様にして本塗装を行い、下塗り塗膜のL値の塗膜に対する影響を検討した。なお、塗装例25~26については下塗り後に焼付けを行い、その後、粉体塗料物の塗装を行って1回露光している。
・試験片:塗装例2および塗装例27
・密着性試験:JIS K5600-7-2「塗料一般試験方法、塗料の長期耐久性、耐湿性(連続結露法)」に従い、試験片を恒温・恒湿条件下に240時間維持したのち、試験片を、吸水紙を用いて水分を除去し、試験片における下塗り塗装された塗膜(下塗塗膜)と本塗装の塗膜(本塗膜)との剥離の有無を確認した。剥離の有無は、クロスカット法によって評価した。各マスの角の一部はがれ、全体はがれを全て剥離とみなすものとする。
鉄製基材に代えて、ステンレス鋼基材(SUS304、縦70mm、横150mm、厚み0.8mm)および塩化ビニル樹脂基材(硬質ポリ塩化ビニル板(JISK6745準拠品)、縦70mm、横150mm、厚み3.0mm)を用いること以外は、塗装例2と同様にして、下塗り塗装および本塗装を行った。塗膜評価も塗装例2と同様に、外観、隠蔽性および密着性について行った。ステンレス鋼基材および塩化ビニル樹脂基材のいずれも3つの評価が「◎」であった。
まず、光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料のみを塗装したときの塗膜の光透過率について測定した。厚さ1.2mmのスライドガラス上に、光硬化型クリヤ粉体塗料UVC-6およびUVC-7を用いて、それぞれ厚さ100μm程度の塗膜を形成した。分光光度計(V-760、日本分光株式会社製)を使用し、200~500nmの波長範囲で塗装物の光透過率を測定した。スライドガラスのみの測定結果を光透過率100%とし、上記波長範囲内で最大となる透過率を光透過率の測定結果とした。UVC-6の測定結果は30%であり、UVC-7の測定結果は5%であった。さらに、UVC-6およびUVC-7と光硬化型粉体塗料UV黄-1とをそれぞれドライブレンドして光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を製造した。
Claims (8)
- 平均粒径が10~100μmの粉末である有色粉体塗料と、平均粒径が10~100μmの粉末であるクリヤ粉体塗料とがドライブレンドされた光硬化型粉体塗料組成物であって、
前記有色粉体塗料および前記クリヤ粉体塗料の少なくともいずれか一方が光硬化型粉体塗料であることを特徴とする光硬化型粉体塗料組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を被塗装物に塗布したのち、光照射によって前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を硬化させることを特徴とする塗装方法。
- 光硬化型塗料を被塗装物に塗布したのち、さらに請求項1に記載の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を塗布し、塗布された光硬化型塗料および光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を、1度の光照射によって硬化させることを特徴とする塗装方法。
- 前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を前記被塗装物に塗布する前に、前記被塗装物に、明度がL値で75以上の下地塗膜を設けることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の塗装方法。
- 前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を前記被塗装物に塗布する前に、前記被塗装物に、光硬化型塗料を用いた下地塗膜を設けることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の塗装方法。
- 前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を前記被塗装物に塗布する前に、前記被塗装物に、前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を用いた下地塗膜を設けることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の塗装方法。
- 請求項1に記載の光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を含む塗膜を有することを特徴とする粉体塗料塗装物。
- 有色粉体塗料と、クリヤ粉体塗料とがドライブレンドされてなり、前記有色粉体塗料および前記クリヤ粉体塗料の少なくともいずれか一方が光硬化型粉体塗料である光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を被塗装物に塗布したのち、光照射によって前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を硬化させる塗装方法であって、前記光照射によって照射された光が、前記クリア粉体塗料を光路として前記光硬化型粉体塗料組成物を硬化させることを特徴する塗装方法。
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