JP7182977B2 - 光遮蔽性粉体を含む水中油型ピッカリングエマルション - Google Patents
光遮蔽性粉体を含む水中油型ピッカリングエマルション Download PDFInfo
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- JP7182977B2 JP7182977B2 JP2018183069A JP2018183069A JP7182977B2 JP 7182977 B2 JP7182977 B2 JP 7182977B2 JP 2018183069 A JP2018183069 A JP 2018183069A JP 2018183069 A JP2018183069 A JP 2018183069A JP 7182977 B2 JP7182977 B2 JP 7182977B2
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Images
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Description
しかし、本発明者は、このような油中水型の乳化化粧料が、海水や汗などのようなイオンを含む水溶液に接触すると、外相を構成する油剤の親水基とイオンが反応し親水性の塩となることで、油剤が溶出してしまうという問題があることを発見した。つまり、従来型の油中水型の乳化化粧料は耐水性効果を謳ってはいるものの、耐汗性や耐海水性に劣り、実効力に悖る。
水中油型ピッカリングエマルション中において乳化粉体は、その表面の電荷によって互いに反発し合う。この電荷が外来のイオンにより中和されると、乳化粉体の表面は疎水性となり、互いに引き付け合い凝集する。
本発明の水中油型ピッカリングエマルションは、上述した性質を有する乳化粉体を含むことにより、汗や海水のようなイオンを含む水溶液への抵抗性に優れる。すなわち、本発明の水中油型ピッカリングエマルションの塗布膜がイオンを含む水溶液に接触すると、油相と水相の界面に吸着している乳化粉体が疎水化し互いに引き付け合うことで、分散相が凝集する結果、塗布膜自体が凝集・疎水化する。
紫外線散乱剤を含む形態とすることにより、イオンを含む水溶液に接触した後に、紫外線防御能力が維持又は向上する性質を有する水中油型ピッカリングエマルションを提供することができる。
顔料を含む形態とすることにより、イオンを含む水溶液に接触した後に、可視光反射性やカバー力などの効果が維持又は向上する性質を有する水中油型ピッカリングエマルションを提供することができる。
微粒子酸化チタン及び/又は微粒子酸化亜鉛を含む形態とすることにより、イオンを含む水溶液に接触した後に、光遮蔽機能が維持又は向上する性質を有する水中油型ピッカリングエマルションを提供することができる。
光遮蔽粉体と乳化粉体の質量比を上記に設定することにより、イオンを含む水溶液に接触した後における、水中油型ピッカリングエマルションの光遮蔽性の維持作用又は向上作用を強くすることができる。
光遮蔽粉体の含有量の下限値は、好ましくは1質量%以上、より好ましくは3質量%以上、さらに好ましくは5質量%以上、特に好ましくは10質量%以上を目安とすることができる。
なお、乳化粉体は少なくとも乳化状態、つまり水に接触している状態において荷電していればよく、エマルションの調整前において電荷を有している必要はない。
特に好ましくは、有機ケイ素化合物又はシリコーンを疎水化処理剤として乳化粉体を処理する。
平均二次粒子径を前記範囲とすれば、乳化粉体の二次粒子の表面積を十分に確保することができ、イオンを含む水溶液への接触後における光遮蔽性の維持又は向上作用を大きくすることができる。
なお、平均二次粒子径は乳化を行う際に組成物に加える応力によって調整することができる。
乳化粉体の含有量を上記範囲とすることにより、イオンを含む水溶液に対するピッカリングエマルションの抵抗性を向上させることができる。
ポリオールとしては、ポリエチレングリコール、グリセリン、1,3-ブチレングリコール、エリスリトール、ソルビトール、キシリトール、マルチトール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ジグリセリン、イソプレングリコール、1,2-ペンタンジオール、2,4-ヘキシレングリコール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、1,2-オクタンジオール等が挙げられ、中でも、グリセリン、1,3-ブチレングリコール、ソルビトールが好ましく挙げられる。これらの含有量は、ピッカリングエマルション全体の好ましくは0.5~20質量%、より好ましくは3~10質量%である。また、これらの含有量は、水相の好ましくは3~15質量%、さらに好ましくは5~10質量%である。
また、増粘剤を含有することも好ましい。増粘剤としては、キサンタンガム、ジェランガム、グアガム、クインスシード、カラギーナン、ガラクタン、アラビアガム、ペクチン、マンナン、デンプン、カードラン、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、コンドロイチン硫酸、デルマタン硫酸、グリコーゲン、ヘパラン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、トラガントガム、ケラタン硫酸、コンドロイチン、ムコイチン硫酸、ヒドロキシエチルグアガム、カルボキシメチルグアガム、デキストラン、ケラト硫酸、ローカストビーンガム,サクシノグルカン、カロニン酸、キチン、キトサン、カルボキシメチルキチン、寒天、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリエチレングリコール、アクリル酸ナトリウムグラフトデンプン、ステアロキシヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ベントナイト等が挙げられ、よりこのましくはキサンタンガム、グアガム等の水溶性多糖類、寒天、アクリル酸ナトリウムグラフトデンプン、ステアロキシヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース。さらに好ましくは、キサンタンガム、グアガム等の水溶性多糖類、寒天が好ましく挙げられる。これらの含有量は、ピッカリングエマルション全体の好ましくは0.05~5質量%、より好ましくは0.1~1質量%である。また、これらの含有量は、水相の好ましくは0.1~3質量%、さらに好ましくは0.3~1質量%である。
シリカ微粒子(AEROSIL社製、平均一次粒子径12nm(測定方法は前述のとおり)、以下、未処理シリカともいう)と、該シリカ微粒子とトリメチルシリル疎水化処理剤を混合することにより得られた部分的疎水化シリカを用意した。
その結果、純水と海水に分散したときの部分的疎水化シリカのゼータ電位は、それぞれ16.84±2.18mV、4.16±1.26mVであった(図1)。
試験例1で用いた部分的疎水化シリカを用いて、表1に示す処方にて、比較例1と参考例1のエマルションを調製した。
試験例2の方法によって海水に浸漬する前後のPMMAプレート上に形成された比較例1及び参考例1のエマルションの塗布膜の断面の様子を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)により観察した(図3)。
表2に示す処方にて、実施例1~7、比較例2及び参考例2のエマルションを調製した。
試験例2と同様の方法により海水に浸漬する前後において、PMMAプレート上に塗布された各エマルションの塗布膜のSPF値をSPFアナライザーにて測定した。
実施例1~7、比較例2及び参考例2のエマルションを石英プレートに一定の厚みとなるように塗布し、海水への接触の前後における紫外領域の光の散乱率を、分光光度計(V-600、JASCO社)により測定した。
その結果、実施例1~7のエマルションの塗布膜は、驚くべきことに、海水への接触後において紫外領域の光の散乱率が上昇した。一方、比較例2のエマルションの塗布膜は、海水への接触後において散乱率が低下した(表2)。
実施例1~7と同様にトリメチルシリル疎水化処理剤により処理された部分的疎水化シリカを用いて、表3に示す処方で調製した参考例3のピッカリングエマルションを走査型電子顕微鏡により観察した。電子顕微鏡像を図4に示す。
実施例1~7と参考例3のピッカリングエマルションは、共通する部分的疎水化シリカを用いて同一の方法で製造したものである。したがって、参考例3のピッカリングエマルションの走査型電子顕微鏡による観察結果より、実施例1~7のピッカリングエマルションにおけるシリカの平均二次粒子径も50nm以下であることが推認できる。
実施例1~7と同様にトリメチルシリル疎水化処理剤により処理された部分的疎水化シリカを用いて、表4に示す処方の比較例3のエマルションを調製した。比較例3と、上で調製した参考例1のエマルションを試験例2と同様の方法で海水に浸漬した。その後、試験例3と同様に浸漬後のエマルションの塗布膜の断面図を走査型電子顕微鏡により観察した。電子顕微鏡像を図5に示す。
そのため、比較例3のエマルションの塗布膜を海水に接触させると、水相に分散した部分的疎水化シリカが凝集体(図5中、点線で囲まれた箇所)を形成するものの、塗布膜全体の凝集化及び疎水化が起こらなかった(図5)。
そして、参考例1のピッカリングエマルションの塗布膜は、海水への接触後、部分的疎水化シリカが界面に吸着した乳化滴が凝集することで、塗布膜自体が凝縮し疎水化している(図5)。
参考例1のピッカリングエマルションの塗布膜を試験例2と同様の方法により、純水と海水に浸漬した。純水又は海水に浸漬する前後における塗布膜の断面の電子顕微鏡画像を図6に示す。
この結果は、本発明のピッカリングエマルションが、耐水性にも優れていることを示している。
この結果は、本発明のピッカリングエマルションの塗布膜が、イオンを含む水溶液に接触することで高度に凝集することにより、膜全体の疎水性が高まっていることを示している。
以下の表5に記載の処方に従い、日焼け止め、ファンデーション及び固形乳化ファンデーション(固形乳化F)を製造した。
以下の表6に記載の処方に従って、マスカラを製造した。
Claims (6)
- 光遮蔽性粉体を含み、表面が荷電している乳化粉体により安定化されていることを特徴とする、水中油型ピッカリングエマルションであって、
前記乳化粉体が、部分的疎水化シリカであり、
前記乳化粉体の平均一次粒子径が、5~50nmである、
水中油型ピッカリングエマルション。 - 前記光遮蔽性粉体として紫外線散乱剤を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のピッカリングエマルション。
- 前記光遮蔽性粉体として顔料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のピッカリングエマルション。
- 前記光遮蔽性粉体として微粒子酸化チタン又は微粒子酸化亜鉛から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載のピッカリングエマルション。
- 前記光遮蔽性粉体の前記乳化粉体に対する質量比が3~10である、請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載のピッカリングエマルション。
- 化粧料であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載のピッカリングエマルション。
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