JP7166270B2 - ステント及びそれを含む医療機器 - Google Patents
ステント及びそれを含む医療機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7166270B2 JP7166270B2 JP2019550496A JP2019550496A JP7166270B2 JP 7166270 B2 JP7166270 B2 JP 7166270B2 JP 2019550496 A JP2019550496 A JP 2019550496A JP 2019550496 A JP2019550496 A JP 2019550496A JP 7166270 B2 JP7166270 B2 JP 7166270B2
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- stent
- braid
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Images
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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- Transplantation (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Description
また本発明のステントは、長さ方向に複数本の弾性糸を経糸として組み込むことにより、ステントの長さ方向及び径方向への拡張力を増強することができる。また、デリバリーから解放されたとき、変形回復性が高いものとなる。
さらに本発明のステントは、弾性糸をステントの外側に配置することにより、ステントの端部付近を弾性糸の収縮力でステントを外側方向に広げる力が働くため、ステント端部を確実に拡張することが可能となる。しかも弾性糸はステントに固定しているので、特別な部材を用いる必要がなく、極めて簡便な方法で拡張を達成することができる。
前記組紐を構成する各フィラメント糸はモノフィラメント糸であってもマルチフィラメント糸であっても良いが、好ましくはモノフィラメント糸である。モノフィラメント糸は剛性が高く、生体の管部を拡張するのに都合が良い。
生分解性のあるポリマーとして、インヘレント粘度1.51dL/g(0.1g/dL HFIP, 25℃)のポリグリコール酸を使用し、温度190~245℃で溶融紡糸し、延伸倍率4~5倍に延伸し、温度100~120℃でヒートセットした。得られたモノフィラメント糸の直径は0.265mmであった。このモノフィラメントを使用し、図6~7に示す組紐製造装置(但し、32本打ち組紐製造装置)を使用し、図4に示すステントを作製した。このステントの両端部の糸は超音波融着で融着し、固化させて結合点を長さ方向に2列並べて配置するように結合した。
このステントは拡張した状態で外径直径が20mmであり、ポリウレタン弾性糸:米国のLubrizol社製、商品名"Pellethane"(直径70μm)を3本に束ね、これを円周上の等間隔に4箇所経糸挿入した。また、図5に示す組紐を構成する各モノフィラメント糸の組角度Θは55°とした。このステントを内径直径2.5mmのアウターシースを有する図8に示すデリバリーシステムに搭載したところ、治具を必要とせず、手で容易に搭載できた。またデリバリーシステムから押し出した際には自己拡張し、外径直径が20mmとなり、7.1倍に拡張した。
ステントの両端部の糸は超音波融着で融着し、固化させて結合点を1列に形成した以外は、実施例1と同様とした。
得られたステント図8に示すデリバリーシステムに搭載したところ、治具を必要とし、搭載が難しかった。
ポリグリコール酸からなるモノフィラメント糸(直径0.23mm)を32本使用し、組紐製造装置により組紐ステントを作製した(直径22mm、長さ80mm)。この組紐ステントにポリウレタン弾性糸(米国Lubrizol社製、商品名"Pellethane"(直径200μm))を、図9に示すようにステントの外側に配置してステント両端部で固定した。但し、ステントの両末端は長さ方向に2列配列した。ポリウレタン弾性糸はステントの円周上に等間隔に4本配置した。この組糸ステントを、図8に示す内径3mmのデリバリーシステムに搭載したのち、デリバリーシステムから押し出したところ、ステントは自己拡張し、ステント中心部が、元の直径22mmまで拡張し、かつ両端部は元の直径より大きい22-27mmまで拡張した。図13Aにデリバリーシステム搭載前のステントの側面写真、図13Bにデリバリーシステムから解放直後の側面写真、図13Cにデリバリーシステムから解放後3分の側面写真を示す。本実施例のステントは短時間で均一に自己拡張することが確認できた。
ポリウレタン弾性糸を図10に示すようにステント中央で組紐を構成するモノフィラメント糸と交差させた以外は実施例2と同様に組紐ステントを作製した。この組糸ステントを内径3mmのデリバリーシステムに搭載したのち、デリバリーシステムから押し出したところ、ステントは自己拡張し、ステント中心部が、元の直径22mmまで拡張し、かつ両端部は、元の直径より、大きい22-27mmまで拡張していた。図14Aにデリバリーシステム搭載前のステントの側面写真、図14Bにデリバリーシステムから解放直後の側面写真、図14Cにデリバリーシステムから解放後3分の側面写真を示す。本実施例のステントは短時間で均一に自己拡張することが確認できた。
ポリグリコール酸からなるモノフィラメント糸(直径0.32mm)を32本使用し、組紐製造装置により組紐ステントを作製した(直径20mm、長さ65mm)。この組紐ステントにポリウレタン弾性糸(米国Lubrizol社製、商品名"Pellethane"(直径200μm))を、図11に示すように、弾性糸とステント構成糸との接点を、ステント両端部からステント長の1/3の位置まで外側を通して、弾性糸とステントを構成する組紐に接点を配置し、接点と接点間では、ステントを構成する組紐の中に弾性糸を通した。このステントを内径9mmのデリバリーシステムを用いて、ミニブタの小腸内に外科的に留置した。図15は本実施例の留置前のステントの外観であり、図16はミニブタ小腸留置後11分後の外観である。中心部の直径が18mm、胃側端部の直径が20mm、肛門側端部の直径が16mmであり、端部まで良好に拡張していた。
2,3 組糸
4a,4b 端部
5a-5d 経糸
6 組紐全体の長さ方向
θ 組み上げ角度
10 組紐製造装置
11 架台
12 ボビン
13 糸
14 マンドレル
15 円筒部
16 突き上げ部
17 組紐
18 ガイド(プーリー)
19 軌道
20 経糸
21,21a~21d パイプ
22 弾性糸の糸巻体
30 デリバリーシステム
31 ハブ
32 プッシャー
33 Yコネクター
34 アウターシース
35 ステント搭載部
41-48 結合点
52 組紐を構成するフィラメント糸
53a-53d フィラメント糸の末端固定点
54a-54g 弾性糸
55a-55d 弾性糸とフィラメント糸の固定点
56a-56b 弾性糸とフィラメント糸の接点又は固定点
57a,57b ステント端部
Claims (17)
- 生分解性ポリマーを含む複数本のフィラメント糸を円筒状の組紐にしたステントであって、
前記組紐を構成するフィラメント糸端部における結合点が、前記組紐の長さ方向に2列以上並べて配置されており、
前記組紐は長さ方向にさらに複数本の弾性糸が経糸として組み込まれ、前記弾性糸の両端は前記組紐に固定されていることを特徴とするステント。 - 前記結合点の結合方法は、熱融着、超音波融着、接着剤または金属製及び樹脂製の管による接合から選ばれる少なくとも一つの結合である請求項1に記載のステント。
- 前記組紐を構成する各フィラメント糸はモノフィラメント糸である請求項1又は2に記載のステント。
- 前記組紐は、フィラメント糸16本以上で構成されている請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記ステントの少なくとも一部の外側でかつ各端部付近を含む長さ方向の少なくとも一部に前記弾性糸の少なくとも1本が配置され、前記弾性糸の一方の端は前記ステント端部付近に固定されており、他方の端は前記ステントのいずれかの部分で固定されている請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記ステントを縮径した状態において、弾性糸には張力がかかっている請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸は、生体適合性のあるポリウレタン、ゴム及び熱可塑性エラストマーから選ばれる少なくとも一つの糸である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸は、前記ステントの端部より中央側で組紐構成糸に固定させて固定点とするか又は交差させて接点としている請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸と前記ステント構成糸の固定点又は接点は、ステント端部からステント長の1/8~1/2の位置にある請求項8に記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸にかかる張力は、ステントを縮径した状態で0.1~5.0N/本である請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸は、前記ステントの断面から見て円周方向に等間隔で3~6本配置されている請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記弾性糸とステントとの固定が、熱融着、超音波融着、接着剤、金属製固定具及び樹脂製固定具から選ばれる少なくとも一つによる接合である請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 前記ステントは消化管用ステントである請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のステント。
- 請求項1~13のいずれかに記載のステントを含む医療機器。
- 前記医療機器はデリバリーシステムを含み、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載のステントが、あらかじめ前記デリバリーシステムに搭載されている請求項14に記載の医療機器。
- 前記デリバリーシステムからステントを出したときの前記ステントの直径方向の拡張倍率は5倍を超える請求項15に記載の医療機器。
- 前記医療機器が、消化管狭窄治療用である請求項14~16のいずれかに記載の医療機器。
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