JP7164591B2 - Noxおよびn20の変換における触媒およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
Noxおよびn20の変換における触媒およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7164591B2 JP7164591B2 JP2020501313A JP2020501313A JP7164591B2 JP 7164591 B2 JP7164591 B2 JP 7164591B2 JP 2020501313 A JP2020501313 A JP 2020501313A JP 2020501313 A JP2020501313 A JP 2020501313A JP 7164591 B2 JP7164591 B2 JP 7164591B2
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- Prior art keywords
- iron
- catalyst
- zeolite
- chabazite
- beta zeolite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 118
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLXQCTLNJSRAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [OH-].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)[NH3+] Chemical compound [OH-].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)[NH3+] SLXQCTLNJSRAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDSGPAZGWJOGTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dibenzyl(dimethyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KDSGPAZGWJOGTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
この例では、ある温度範囲でのN2O変換を決定するために触媒を試験した。触媒は鉄チャバザイト触媒であった。試験条件は、9バールの圧力および40,000hr-1のGHSVで構成された。触媒を通過したガス混合物は、750ppmvのN2O、400ppmvのNO、0.5体積%の酸素で構成され、残りは窒素であった。この例で測定された変換を図1に示す。
この例では、実施例1に記載したのと同じ条件下で、第2の触媒を試験した。触媒は鉄ベータゼオライト触媒であった。この例で測定された変換を図1に示す。
この実施例では、実施例1に記載したのと同じ条件下で、第3の触媒を試験した。触媒は鉄チャバザイト触媒と鉄ベータゼオライト触媒との両方を含んだ。この実施例で測定された変換を図1に示す。図1から分かるように、この触媒は、実施例1の触媒または実施例2の触媒のいずれよりも活性が高い。
この実施例では、鉄チャバザイトと鉄ベータゼオライトとの両方を含む触媒に対するN2Oの分解およびNOXの変換が実証される。試験は、9バールの圧力および20,800hr-1のGHSVで実施した。触媒を通過したガス混合物は、1000ppmvのN2O、400ppmvのNO、400ppmvのNH3、0.5体積%の水、2体積%の酸素で構成され、残りは窒素であった。400~550℃の範囲のいくつかの温度にわたるN2O分解およびNOX変換を図2に示す。
この実施例では、鉄チャバザイトおよび鉄ベータゼオライトを含む触媒の水熱安定性が実証される。触媒を、周囲圧力および100,000hr-1のGHSVで試験した。触媒を通過したガス混合物は、200ppmvのNO、300ppmvのNH3、11体積%の水、7.5体積%の酸素で構成され、残りは窒素であった。図3は、新しい触媒と、16時間および26時間かけて11%の水により760℃で水熱老化した後の同じ触媒とを使用したNOの変換を図示する。本触媒は、水熱老化後でも極めて安定である。
Claims (22)
- 鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトおよび鉄ベータゼオライトを含むNOXおよびN2Oの変換のための触媒。
- アルミナをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、該合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトの細孔内に残留有機材料を一切含まない、請求項2に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、3~5オングストロームの細孔開口を有する、請求項3に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、3~10のシリカ対アルミナ比を有する、請求項4に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、0.3以上10ミクロン未満の平均結晶サイズを有する、請求項5に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、0.3~5.0ミクロンの平均結晶サイズを有する、請求項6に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトが、0.5~5.0重量%の鉄を含む、請求項7に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、該鉄ベータゼオライトの細孔内に残留有機材料を一切含まない、請求項8に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、5~20のシリカ対アルミナ比を有する、請求項9に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、5~11のシリカ対アルミナ比を有する、請求項10に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、少なくとも0.5重量%の鉄を含む、請求項11に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、1~10重量%の鉄を含む、請求項12に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、0.1ミクロン超の平均結晶サイズを有する、請求項13に記載の触媒。
- 前記鉄ベータゼオライトが、0.2~5ミクロンの平均結晶サイズを有する、請求項14に記載の触媒。
- プロセスガス流中のNOXおよびN2O濃度を同時に低減する方法であって、前記プロセスガス流を、変換条件下で鉄チャバザイト型の合成アルミノシリケートゼオライトおよび鉄ベータゼオライトを含む触媒と接触させることを含む、方法。
- 前記プロセスガスが前記触媒と接触する前にまたはそれと同時に、アンモニア、尿素、またはアンモニア発生化合物を前記プロセスガスに添加することをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア発生化合物が、カルバミン酸アンモニウム、ギ酸アンモニウム、炭酸アンモニウム、および金属アミン錯体からなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア対NOXの比が1:1である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させることが、少なくとも0.5体積%の水の存在下で実施される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させることが、少なくとも2体積%の水の存在下で実施される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記変換条件が、250~650℃の範囲の温度を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
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