JP7129109B2 - 磁性体観察方法および磁性体観察装置 - Google Patents
磁性体観察方法および磁性体観察装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本明細書において、「磁性体」とは、磁性を帯び得る物質を意味する。換言すると、磁性体は、それを構成する原子が磁気モーメントを有し得る物質である。本明細書においては、磁性体として、各原子の磁気モーメントの向きが互いに揃い全体として磁化を持つ状態を実現し得る物質(所謂、強磁性体およびフェリ磁性体)を想定する。磁性体は、しばしば、鉄やコバルトなどの磁性元素を含む。
以下、まず、ここで開示する磁性体観察(方法および装置)の原理について、適宜図面を参照して説明する。
以下、ここで開示する磁性体観察方法について、適宜図面を参照して説明する。図6は、この磁性体観察方法を示すフローチャートである。ここで開示する磁性体観察方法は、試料に励起線を照射する照射工程(S10)と、特性X線に含まれる円偏光成分を検出する検出工程(S20)と、検出した円偏光に含まれる右円偏光成分と左円偏光成分の差を算出する算出工程(S30)と、を包含する。
以下、本発明の実施の形態に係る磁性体観察装置について説明する。図1は、この磁性体観察装置1の構成を示す図である。ここでは、試料Sの表面(図1における上側の面)の各点における磁化の向きまたは磁化の大きさが認識される。或いはまた、試料Sの内部の磁化の向きまたは磁化の大きさを認識することもできる。これによって、磁化の向きが揃った領域(磁区)の分布を認識することができる。
なお、図2に示すように、試料Sから発せられる特性X線のうち、スリット42を透過した特定X線をX線検出器34に入射させる構成では、試料Sから発せられる特性X線のうちスリット42を通過しない特性X線(典型的には試料Sから発せられる特性X線の大部分)はX線検出器34に入射することなく損失となる。一方、図1に示すように、試料Sから発せられる特性Xを、平行化光学系31を用いて平行化してX線検出器34に入射させる構成では、試料Sから発せられる特性X線をX線検出器34に格段に多く入射させることができる。したがって、試料Sから発せられる特性Xを、平行化光学系31を用いて平行化してX線検出器34に入射させる構成の方が、試料Sから発せられる特性X線の利用効率において優れている。
本実施形態は、上記課題を解決すべく、以下に掲げる構成とした。
本発明は、上述した各実施形態に限定されるものでなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
10 励起線源
11 電子源(電子銃)
12 電子光学系
13 試料台
20 電子検出器
21 制御部(データ処理部)
22 表示部
30 検出部
31 平行化光学系
32 波長板
33 偏光子
34 X線検出器
41、42 スリット
E1 電子線(励起線)
E2 2次電子
H 磁場
R 放射光X線(シンクロトロン放射光X線:励起線)
S 試料
X1、X2、X3 X線
Claims (14)
- 磁性体を含む試料における磁化の向き又は磁化の大きさを観察する方法であって、
前記試料に照射されることによって前記磁性体を構成する元素に特性X線を放射させる励起線を前記試料上の一領域に照射する照射工程と、
前記励起線の照射によって前記元素が発した前記特性X線を、円偏光成分の回転方向毎に検出した2つの強度として認識する検出工程と、
前記検出工程において認識された前記2つの強度の差を算出する算出工程と、
を含んでいることを特徴とする磁性体観察方法。 - 前記励起線は、電磁波ビームである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁性体観察方法。 - 前記励起線は、X線を除く電磁波ビームである、
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の磁性体観察方法。 - 前記励起線は、荷電粒子線である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁性体観察方法。 - 磁性体を含む試料における磁化の向きまたは磁化の大きさを観察する装置であって、
前記試料に照射されることによって前記磁性体を構成する元素に特性X線を放射させる励起線を発する励起線源と、
前記励起線の照射によって前記元素が発した前記特性X線を、円偏光成分の回転方向毎に右円偏光成分または左円偏光成分として検出する検出部と、
前記右円偏光成分の強度と前記左円偏光成分の強度との差に基づいて算出された算出値を出力させるデータ処理部と、
を備えていることを特徴とする磁性体観察装置。 - 前記励起線源は、前記試料上の励起線照射位置が掃引されるように前記励起線を前記試料上に照射させ、
前記データ処理部は、前記算出値を前記励起線照射位置の掃引に伴い認識し、前記算出値を前記試料上の前記励起線が照射された領域に対応させて表示した画像として出力させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記検出部は、前記特性X線に対する1/4波長板を具備する、
ことを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記検出部は、前記1/4波長板を透過した、直線偏光成分を含む前記特性X線に対して、偏光方向に対応して異なる強度を付与する偏光子を具備する、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記励起線は、電磁波ビームである、
ことを特徴とする請求項5~8の何れか1項に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記励起線は、X線を除く電磁波ビームである、
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記励起線は、荷電粒子線である、
ことを特徴とする請求項5~8の何れか1項に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記励起線は、電子線であり、
走査型電子顕微鏡画像または透過型電子顕微鏡画像である顕微鏡画像を取得する画像取得部をさらに備え、
前記データ処理部は、前記顕微鏡画像と、前記励起線が照射された領域と、を対応させて表示した画像として出力させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記試料と前記検出部との間に前記特性X線を平行化する平行化光学系が設けられている、
ことを特徴とする請求項5~12の何れか1項に記載の磁性体観察装置。 - 前記平行化光学系は、モンテル型多層膜ミラーにより構成されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の磁性体観察装置。
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