JP7090703B2 - 水性多成分系混合物からの有価物質の分留分離 - Google Patents
水性多成分系混合物からの有価物質の分留分離 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7090703B2 JP7090703B2 JP2020526674A JP2020526674A JP7090703B2 JP 7090703 B2 JP7090703 B2 JP 7090703B2 JP 2020526674 A JP2020526674 A JP 2020526674A JP 2020526674 A JP2020526674 A JP 2020526674A JP 7090703 B2 JP7090703 B2 JP 7090703B2
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
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- C02F11/086—Wet air oxidation in the supercritical state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
- C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
a)合成ガス45は発電用に使用可能である(例えば、熱電併給プラントへ供給されてもよい)。
b)水素はガス処理プラントで合成ガス45から分離し、例えば携帯用または産業アプリケーション用として使用してもよく、主にCO2、CH4、およびアルカンから成る残りの合成ガスは発電用に使用されてもよい。
c)合成ガスはメタノールなどの化学製品の製造に使用できる。
d)合成ガス45および本方法によって生じる廃熱は、蒸気などの有益熱の発生に使用できる。
a)更に直接使用に供給される、あるいは排出される。
b)Mg2+、Ca2+、またはK+などの沈殿剤と混合する。リン酸塩および/またはアンモニウムは好ましくは分離器5を通して分離してもよい。
c)濾過し、更なる使用に供給される。
d)新しい供給原料31を希釈するのに使用できる。
1.貯蔵タンク
2.切断装置
3.ポンプ
4.熱交換器
5.分離器
6.弁
7.加熱器
8.反応器
9.デミスター(液滴分離器)
10.分離容器
11.合成ガスライン
12.供給原料ライン
13.製品ライン
14.冷却器/乾燥器
15.ガス貯蔵装置
15.循環水ライン
16.電流発生器(ガスタービン/熱電併給プラント)
18.沈殿剤用ライン
供給原料
31.供給原料、特に水性多成分系混合物
32.沈殿剤
有価物質
41.第一有価物質分画
42.第二有価物質分画
43.第三有価物質分画
44.第四有価物質分画
45.合成ガス
46.水
47.電流
Claims (22)
- 水性多成分系混合物から有価物質を分留分離する方法であって、
前記水性多成分系混合物を25~35MPaに圧縮する工程と、
前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物を摂氏200~300度に加熱して第一有価物質分画(41)を除去する工程であって、固形物を強化する工程と、
前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物を更に摂氏300~400度に加熱して第二有価物質分画(42)を除去する工程であって、金属塩を強化する工程と、
前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物を更に摂氏400~550度に加熱して第三有価物質分画(43)を除去する工程であって、リン酸塩およびアンモニウムを強化する工程とを有するものである
方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物は、前記第一有価物質分画、第二有価物質分画、および第三有価物質分画(41)、(42)、(43)の分離後、酸素を含まない反応器(8)中で、1~5分間、最高摂氏700度まで加熱され、合成ガス(45)および水(46)を有する反応生成物を形成するものである方法。
- 請求項2記載の方法において、前記反応生成物は製品ライン(13)へ導かれ、前記反応製品を含有する前記製品ライン(13)は熱交換器(4)へ導かれ、熱エネルギーは前記反応生成物から前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物へ移され、そこで前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物は摂氏400~500度に加熱されるものである方法。
- 請求項2または3記載の方法において、前記反応生成物は、生成物ライン(13)中を第二熱交換器(4)を通して導かれ、熱エネルギーは前記反応生成物から前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物へ移され、そこで前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物は摂氏300~400度に加熱されるものである方法。
- 請求項2~4のいずれか一項記載の方法において、前記反応生成物は、生成物ライン(13)中を更なる熱交換器(4)を通して導かれ、熱エネルギーは前記反応生成物から前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物へ移され、そこで前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物は摂氏200~300度に加熱されるものである方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項記載の方法において、沈殿剤(32)は摂氏400~550度の温度で前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物に添加され、前記第三有価物質分画(43)が分離および単離されるものである方法。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の方法において、沈殿剤(32)は前記反応生成物に添加され、第四有価物質分画(44)が分離および単離されるものである方法。
- 請求項6または7記載の方法において、前記沈殿剤(32)は、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Mg2+およびCa2+、Mg2+およびK+、Ca2+およびK+、並びにMg2+、Ca2+、およびK+から選択され、前記イオンはその塩の形態で使用されるものである方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項記載の方法において、前記水性多成分系混合物は、下水汚泥、有機廃棄物、水性有機廃棄物、産業廃棄物、都市廃棄物、動物廃棄物、農業廃棄物、庭園廃棄物、動物飼料、野菜廃棄物、搾りかす、フライアッシュ、下水汚泥フライアッシュ、食品産業廃棄物、掘削泥、汚泥、肥料、液状肥料、廃水、および生物ガスプラントからの廃棄物から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法によって取得可能な前記第三有価物質分画(43)および/または第四有価物質分画(44)の、肥料としての使用。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法を実施するための機器であって、
水性多成分系混合物を受け取るための貯蔵タンク(1)と、
前記水性多成分系混合物を導くための供給原料ライン(12)と、
前記水性多成分系混合物を粉砕するための切断装置(2)と、
前記水性多成分系混合物を圧縮するためのポンプ(3)と、
前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物を少なくとも三段階で摂氏550度まで加熱するための、少なくとも3つの熱交換器(4)と、
第一有価物質分画から第三有価物質分画まで(41)、(42)、(43)を分離するための、少なくとも3つの分離器(5)と、
前記有価物質分画を単離するための弁(6)と、
沈殿剤(32)を第三分離器(5)に添加するための、ポンプ(3)および沈殿剤用のライン(18)とを有するものである
機器。 - 請求項11記載の機器において、反応生成物を生成するための、過熱器(7)を含む少なくとも1つの反応器(8)と、前記反応生成物を導くための製品ライン(13)と、前記反応生成物を膨張させるための少なくとも1つの弁(6)と、合成ガス(45)を分離するための、デミスター(9)を含む少なくとも1つの分離容器(10)と、更なる使用のために、前記合成ガス(45)を移送するための合成ガスライン(11)とを有するものである機器。
- 請求項11または12記載の機器において、第四分離器(5)と、第四有価物質分画(44)を分離するために、沈殿剤(18)を前記第四分離器(5)に導入するための、少なくとも1つのポンプ(3)および沈殿剤用ライン(18)とを有するものである機器。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法を実施するための機器であって、
貯蔵タンク(1)と、
酸素が存在しない状態で水性多成分系混合物を移送するため、前記貯蔵タンク(1)に接続されている供給原料ライン(12)とを有しており、
前記圧縮された供給原料(31)を摂氏200~300度に加熱するため、熱交換器(4)を通して供給原料ライン(12)を導き、その後、単離された第一有価物質分画(41)を分離するため、分離器(5)を通して前記供給原料ライン(12)を導き、前記圧縮された供給原料(31)を摂氏300~400度に加熱するため、第二熱交換器(4)を通して供給原料ライン(12)を導き、その後、単離された第二有価物質分画(42)を分離するため、第二分離器(5)を通して供給原料ライン(12)を導き、前記圧縮された供給原料(31)を摂氏400~550度に加熱するため、第三熱交換器(4)を通して供給原料ライン(12)を導き、その後、単離された第三有価物質分画(43)を分離するため、第三分離器(5)を通して供給原料ライン(12)を導くものである
機器。 - 請求項14記載の機器において、前記圧縮された供給原料(31)を最高摂氏700度に加熱するため、前記供給原料ライン(12)を過熱器(7)を通して反応器(8)に導くものである機器。
- 請求項14または15記載の機器において、前記圧縮された水性多成分系混合物を摂氏400~550度に加熱するため、前記第三熱交換器(4)を通して前記反応生成物を導くための製品ライン(13)を有するものである機器。
- 請求項14~16のいずれか一項記載の機器において、前記有価物質分画および/または前記反応生成物を冷却するための1つ以上の冷却器(14)を有するものである機器。
- 請求項14~17のいずれか一項記載の機器において、合成ガス(45)および排出可能水(46)を分離するための分離容器(10)を有するものである機器。
- 請求項14~18のいずれか一項記載の機器において、前記合成ガス(45)を分離するためのデミスター(9)を有するものである機器。
- 廃水を精製するための、請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法の使用、または請求項11~19のいずれか一項記載の機器の使用。
- 水性多成分系混合物からリン化合物、アンモニウム化合物、砂、金属、金属塩を生成するための、請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法の使用、または請求項11~19のいずれか一項記載の機器の使用。
- 水素生成のための、および/または発電のための、請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の方法の使用、または請求項11~19のいずれか一項記載の機器の使用。
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EP3940041A1 (de) | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-19 | iGas energy GmbH | Reaktor zur überkritischen hydrothermalen vergasung von biomasse |
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AU2018305655B2 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
EP3434382A1 (de) | 2019-01-30 |
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ES2764577T3 (es) | 2020-06-03 |
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US11584672B2 (en) | 2023-02-21 |
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