JP7040819B2 - 1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2-オン誘導体およびその使用 - Google Patents
1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン-2-オン誘導体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7040819B2 JP7040819B2 JP2020546272A JP2020546272A JP7040819B2 JP 7040819 B2 JP7040819 B2 JP 7040819B2 JP 2020546272 A JP2020546272 A JP 2020546272A JP 2020546272 A JP2020546272 A JP 2020546272A JP 7040819 B2 JP7040819 B2 JP 7040819B2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
- A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
- A61K31/5513—1,4-Benzodiazepines, e.g. diazepam or clozapine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D243/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D243/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4
- C07D243/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D243/14—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines
- C07D243/16—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals
- C07D243/18—1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals substituted in position 2 by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D243/24—Oxygen atoms
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、有機化学、薬理学および医学に、詳細には、疼痛治療(鎮痛治療)、体重調整、内科的障害、強迫性障害(obsessive disorder)、パニック発作および他の中枢神経系障害の治療のために使用することができる、ベンゾジアゼピン系の化合物に関する。
1,4-ベンゾジアゼピン誘導体は、催眠、鎮静、抗不安、筋弛緩(myorelaxant)および抗けいれん作用を有することから、医学において広く使用されている。50種を超える1,4-ベンゾジアゼピンに基づく医薬物質が、抗不安薬(精神安定薬)として、ならびに催眠薬および抗けいれん薬として、さまざまな中枢神経系障害を予防および治療するために使用されるさまざまな薬物中に含まれている。
本発明の目的は、一般式I
この目的は、そのバリアント
a)一般式Iаの1-置換3-アルコキシ(alcoxy)-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン、
b)一般式Ibの1-置換3-アリールアミノ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン
表1は、合成した1-置換3-アルコキシ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン(Ia)をリスト化したものである。
7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-3-プロポキシ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン。
1g(3.367mmol)の3-ヒドロキシ-7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オンを100mlフラスコに入れ、50mlの無水クロロホルムを加え、次いで1.0ml(13.78mmol)の塩化チオニルを加える。この混合物を40分間煮沸し、沈殿物が溶解してから5mlの無水1-プロパノールを加える。この混合物を1時間煮沸し、水ですすぎ(5ml×5回)、クロロホルムをロータリーエバポレーターで蒸発させる。沈殿物をキシロールから結晶化させる。収率=79%、(0.9g);融点=220~222℃であった。
1g(3.367mmol)の7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-3-プロポキシ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オンを100mlフラスコに入れ、40mlのジオキサンを加え、次いで20mlの飽和炭酸カリウム溶液を加える。10mgのヨウ化テトラブチルアンモニウムを加え、次いで1.5ml(15.78mmol)のメチルブロモアセタートを加える。反応混合物を室温で2~3時間攪拌する。ジオキサンを、分離漏斗で分離し、ロータリーエバポレーターで蒸発させる。沈殿物をキシロールから結晶化させる。収率=65.0%、(0.9g);融点=214~215℃、針様の白色から灰白色の結晶であった。表1の化合物No.1~47、49~82を同様の方法で作製する)。
表2は、一般式Ibの1-置換3-アリールアミノ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オンをリスト化したものである。
7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-3-(2-ニトロフェニル)アミノ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン(表2のNo.275)。
1g(3.367mmol)の3-ヒドロキシ-7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オンを100mlフラスコに入れ、50mlの無水クロロホルムを加え、次いで1.0ml(13.78mmol)の塩化チオニルを加える。この混合物を40分間煮沸し、沈殿物が溶解してから0.93g(6.73mmol)の2-ニトロアニリンを加える。この混合物を1時間煮沸し、水ですすぎ(5ml×5回)、クロロホルムをロータリーエバポレーターで蒸発させる。沈殿物をエタノールから結晶化させる。収率=64%、(0.9g);融点=225~227℃であった。
1g(3.367mmol)の7-ニトロ-5-フェニル-(2-ニトロフェニル)アミノ-1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-ベンゾ[e][1,4]ジアゼピン-2-オン(表2のNo.275)を100mlフラスコに入れ、40mlのジオキサンを加え、次いで20mlの飽和炭酸カリウム溶液を加える。10mgのヨウ化テトラブチルアンモニウムを加え、次いで1.5ml(15.78mmol)のメチルブロモアセタートを加える。反応混合物を室温で2~3時間攪拌する。ジオキサンを、分離漏斗で分離し、ロータリーエバポレーターで蒸発させる。沈殿物をキシロールから結晶化させる。収率=65.0%、(0.9g);融点=218~220℃、黄色の結晶であった。表2の化合物No.83~274、276、277、279~400を同様の方法で作製する)。
化合物Iaと中枢性および末梢性ベンゾジアゼピン受容体との親和性
本化合物と中枢性ベンゾジアゼピン受容体(CBR)との親和性は、放射性リガント(radioligant)[3H]-フルマゼニル(Ro15-1788)を受容体におけるその特異的結合部位から競合的置換するラジオレセプター法を用いて研究された。リガンド置換は、1×10-6mol/Lの濃度にて実施された。
一般式Iの化合物の鎮痛活性の評価
鎮痛活性の評価は、酢酸の腹腔内投与により誘導された化学性疼痛に基づく末梢性疼痛モデルを用いて実施された。この化学性疼痛は、「身もだえ反応(writh)」と称される腹筋の不随意収縮と、それに伴う後肢伸展および脊椎の反り返り(spine arching)を引き起こす。身もだえ反応は、0.75%酢酸溶液により誘導された。この溶液は、試験化合物を0.001~5mg/kgの用量範囲で腹腔内投与してから40分後に腹腔内投与された。動物を20分間観察し、各動物における身もだえ反応の回数を計測した。鎮痛活性を、試験群における身もだえ反応の回数を化合物が減少させる能力を対照群と比較することにより評価し、次式
AA=(Wcg-Wtg/Wcg)×100%、
[式中、
AAは、鎮痛活性(単位:%)、
Wcgは、対照群における身もだえ反応の平均回数、
Wtgは、試験群における身もだえ反応の平均回数]
を用いたパーセンテージで表した。試験化合物は、10mg/kgの用量の対照薬ジクロフェナクナトリウムとの比較で研究された[11]。ED50は、Prozorovsky法を用いて算出された[12]。
式Ibの化合物が食欲に及ぼす作用(食欲抑制作用)の評価
本発明の化合物がラットの食欲に及ぼす作用は、《Anorexia》法を用いて研究された。実験装置にて2週間、液体食餌を消費するようにラットを条件付けした。次いで、実験の1日前、条件付けした動物に、試験物の水-Tween懸濁液を腹腔内投与した。40分後、動物が液体食餌に接することができるようにし、ラット毎の食餌消費量(単位:ml)を30分毎に3時間にわたって記録した。翌日、2時間の隔離の後、対照群のラットに水-Tween懸濁液を腹腔内投与し、一方、試験群には試験物を投与した。40分後、動物が液体食餌に接することができるようにし、ラット毎の食餌消費量(単位:ml)を30分毎に3時間にわたって記録した。次に、各ラットについてすべての食餌消費量の値を合計し、対照の値と比較した。対照群は、30分当たり平均で7mlの液体食餌を消費していた。効果は、対照に対するパーセンテージで算出した[13]。
化合物Ibの抗低酸素活性の評価
抗低酸素活性のスクリーニングは、急性閉所低酸素症(acute confined space hypoxia)(CSH)モデルを用いて実施された。CSHは、隔離された密閉チャンバー(V=200ml)の中にマウスを置くことによりモデル化された。各群は、動物10匹で構成された。観察は、動物が死ぬ時点まで続けた。抗低酸素効果は、対照を100%として、生存期間(単位:分)を対照と比較することにより、さらに、抗低酸素防御比(antihypoxic protection ratio)(Rpr):Rpr=Ttg/Tcg(式中、Ttgは、試験群における平均動物生存時間;Tcgは、対照群における平均動物生存時間である)の算出によって、評価された[11]。
化合物Ibの抗うつ活性の評価
抗うつ活性は、《Porsolt強制水泳テスト》[15]を用いて研究された。このテストは、容積の1/3が温度23~25℃の水で満たされた狭い半透明の円筒の中でマウスを強制的に泳がせることにより、マウスにおけるストレスをモデル化したものである。抗うつ作用は、不動時間、すなわち、動物に最小量のばたつき(paddling)しか見られない時間を対照と比較した場合の秒数またはパーセンテージでの減少量により評価される。動物の行動は、2分間の馴化の後に4分間記録された。
化合物Ibの抗不安活性の評価-
抗不安活性は、噴水式水飲み器から飲水する際の2つの反射の葛藤(飲むか身を守るか)に基づく葛藤場面のモデルを用いて評価された。抗不安活性は、電気ショックがあるにもかかわらず飲水行動をとった回数により評価された[16]。
[引用文献]
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