JP7014720B2 - 混合酸化物またはメソポーラス担体に担持した塩基性酸化物と、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライトとを含む二成分触媒系を用いた、アルコールから炭化水素への変換 - Google Patents
混合酸化物またはメソポーラス担体に担持した塩基性酸化物と、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライトとを含む二成分触媒系を用いた、アルコールから炭化水素への変換 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7014720B2 JP7014720B2 JP2018533727A JP2018533727A JP7014720B2 JP 7014720 B2 JP7014720 B2 JP 7014720B2 JP 2018533727 A JP2018533727 A JP 2018533727A JP 2018533727 A JP2018533727 A JP 2018533727A JP 7014720 B2 JP7014720 B2 JP 7014720B2
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- metal
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- alcohol
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/45—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/12—Silica and alumina
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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Description
(a)前記アルコールと、担体に担持した第1の触媒とを接触させ、前記担体が、混合酸化物担体またはメソポーラス担体であり、前記第1の触媒が、少なくとも1つの塩基性酸化物と、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む工程と、
(b)工程(a)から得られた混合物と、第2の触媒とを接触させ、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした(etched)金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持される工程と、
(c)反応から得られる炭化水素を回収する工程とを含む、方法が提供される。
なお、下記[1]から[60]は、いずれも本発明の一形態又は一態様である。
[1]
アルコールを炭化水素に変換するための方法であって、当該方法は、
(a)前記アルコールと、担体に担持した第1の触媒とを接触させる工程であって、前記担体が、混合酸化物およびメソポーラス担体から選択され、前記第1の触媒が、少なくとも1つの塩基性酸化物と、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むものである、上記工程と、
(b)工程(a)から得られた混合物と、第2の触媒とを接触させる工程であって、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、該エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持されるものである、上記工程と、
(c)反応から得られる炭化水素を回収する工程とを含む、上記方法。
[2]
工程(a)の温度が300~550℃、好ましくは350~450℃の範囲内である、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
工程(b)の温度が300~500℃、好ましくは300~400℃の範囲内である、[1]~[2]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[4]
前記第1の触媒の担体が、ゼオライトでない、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[5]
前記第1の触媒の担体が、ゼオライトである、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[6]
前記第1の触媒のメソポーラス担体が、Al 2 O 3 およびSiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[7]
前記第1の触媒の混合酸化物/メソポーラス担体が、SAPO-34およびSBA-15からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[8]
前記第1の触媒中の金属が、Pt、Re、W、Ta、PdおよびNiからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[9]
前記第1の触媒がMgOを含む、[1]~[8]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[10]
前記第1の触媒が、La、Ga、InおよびAlからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[11]
前記第1の触媒がLaNiO 3 を含む、[1]~[10]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[12]
前記第1の触媒が、Ni-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 を含む、[1]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[13]
前記第1の触媒が、LaNiO 3 とNi-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 を、0.05~0.25の間の重量比(LaNiO 3 /Ni-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 )で含む、[12]に記載の方法。
[14]
工程(a)から得られた混合物に所定量のアルコールを添加する、[1]~[13]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[15]
所定量の工程(b)から得られた混合物が、前記第1の触媒および前記第2の触媒から選択される少なくとも1つに対してリサイクルされる、[1]~[14]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[16]
工程(b)から得られた混合物が、工程(b)から得られた混合物に対する計算で1~50重量%の割合でリサイクルされる、[15]に記載の方法。
[17]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、pHが8を超える塩基性条件で行われる、[1]~[16]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[18]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、NaOHを用いて行われる、[1]~[17]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[19]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、5分~5時間の間のある期間中行われる、[1]~[18]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[20]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、20~95℃の温度で行われる、[1]~[19]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[21]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、少なくとも2種類の金属を含む合金である、[1]~[20]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[22]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属である、[1]~[21]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[23]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、Zn、Fe、Cu、Ni、Au、Pt、Pd、Ir、Rh、Co、Os、ReおよびRuからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属である、[1]~[22]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[24]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、Cu、FeおよびZn、PdおよびPtからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属である、[1]~[23]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[25]
前記第2の触媒中のゼオライトが、ペンタシル型ゼオライトに属するアルミノシリケートゼオライトである、[1]~[24]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[26]
前記第2の触媒中のゼオライトが、ZSM-5および改質ZSM-5からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[1]~[25]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[27]
前記アルコールが一級アルコールである、[1]~[26]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[28]
前記アルコールが、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、n-プロパノール、イソプロパノールおよびグリセロールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[1]~[27]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[29]
前記アルコールがエタノールを含む、[1]~[28]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[30]
前記アルコールが、エタノールおよびグリセロールを含む、[1]~[29]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[31]
前記アルコールが、発酵プロセスに由来する物質、糖、硫黄、フェノールおよび細胞残渣からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの物質を除去するために、工程(a)の前に精製される、[1]~[30]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[32]
前記アルコールから炭化水素への変換が連続プロセスである、[1]~[31]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[33]
前記アルコールから炭化水素への変換がバッチプロセスである、[1]~[32]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[34]
前記第1の触媒および前記第2の触媒のうち少なくとも1つが再生される、[1]~[33]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[35]
前記第1の触媒が第1の区画に存在し、前記第2の触媒が第2の区画に存在する、[1]~[34]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[36]
前記第1の触媒が、ある区画の第1の部分に存在し、前記第2の触媒が、同じ区画の第2の部分に存在し、前記アルコールが前記第1の触媒と最初に接触し、次いで、前記第2の触媒と接触するように、前記第1の触媒と前記第2の触媒が配置される、[1]~[34]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[37]
[1]~[36]のいずれか一項に従って製造される炭化水素。
[38]
前記炭化水素が、ガソリン中の構成成分である、[37]に記載の炭化水素。
[39]
前記炭化水素が、ディーゼル中の構成成分である、[37]に記載の炭化水素。
[40]
前記炭化水素が、ジェット燃料中の構成成分である、[37]に記載の炭化水素。
[41]
[1]~[36]のいずれか一項に記載の方法を行うための装置であって、当該装置は、第1の部分と第2の部分を有しており、これらが、前記装置に入るアルコールの供給が最初に前記第1の部分と接触し、得られた混合物が前記第2の部分と接触するように接続しており、前記第1の部分が、担体に担持した第1の触媒を含み、前記担体が、混合酸化物およびメソポーラス担体から選択され、前記第1の触媒が、少なくとも1つの塩基性酸化物と、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含み、前記第2の部分が、第2の触媒を含み、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持される、上記装置。
[42]
前記第1の触媒の担体が、ゼオライトでない、[41]に記載の装置。
[43]
前記第1の触媒の担体が、ゼオライトおよびゼオライトをドープした材料からなる群から選択される、[41]に記載の装置。
[44]
前記第1の触媒のメソポーラス担体が、Al 2 O 3 およびSiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[41]~[43]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[45]
前記第1の触媒中の金属が、Pt、Re、W、Ta、PdおよびNiからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[41]~[44]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[46]
前記第1の触媒がMgOを含む、[41]~[45]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[47]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、pHが8を超える塩基性条件で行われる、[41]~[46]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[48]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、NaOHを用いて行われる、[41]~[47]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[49]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、5分~5時間の間のある期間中行われる、[41]~[48]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[50]
前記第2の触媒の製造中のエッチング工程が、20~95℃の温度で行われる、[41]~[49]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[51]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、少なくとも2種類の金属を含む合金である、[41]~[50]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[52]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属である、[41]~[51]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[53]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、Zn、Fe、Cu、Ni、Au、Pt、Pd、Ir、Rh、Co、Os、ReおよびRuからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属である、[41]~[52]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[54]
前記第2の触媒中の金属が、Cu、FeおよびZn、PdおよびPtからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属である、[41]~[53]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[55]
前記第2の触媒中のゼオライトが、ペンタシル型ゼオライトに属するアルミノシリケートゼオライトである、[41]~[54]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[56]
前記第2の触媒中のゼオライトが、ZSM-5および改質ZSM-5からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、[41]~[55]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[57]
前記第1の部分が前記第2の部分と熱接触している、[41]~[56]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[58]
前記装置が、場合によりタンタルで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた銅の部分を含む、[41]~[57]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[59]
前記第1の部分および前記第2の部分は、それぞれ第1の区画内および第2の区画内にあり、前記第1の区画と前記第2の区画は、直列に接続されている、[41]~[58]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
[60]
前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分は、同じ区画内にあり、前記アルコールが前記第1の部分と最初に接触し、次いで、前記第1の部分の後に前記第2の部分と接触するように、前記第1の触媒と前記第2の触媒が前記区画内に配置される、[41]~[58]のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
第1の態様では、アルコールを炭化水素に変換するための方法であって、当該方法は、
(a)前記アルコールと、メソポーラス担体に担持した第1の触媒とを接触させ、前記第1の触媒が、少なくとも1つの塩基性酸化物と、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む工程と、
(b)工程(a)から得られた混合物と、第2の触媒とを接触させ、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持される工程と、
(c)反応から得られる炭化水素を回収する工程とを含む、方法が提供される。
Claims (15)
- エタノールをガソリンに変換するための方法であって、当該方法は、
(a)前記エタノールと、担体に担持した第1の触媒とを接触させる工程であって、前記担体が、混合酸化物およびメソポーラス担体から選択され、前記第1の触媒が、MgO、Ni、及びLaNiO3からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つと、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むものである、上記工程と、
(b)工程(a)から得られた混合物と、第2の触媒とを接触させる工程であって、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、該エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持されるものである、上記工程と、
(c)工程(b)における反応から得られるガソリンを回収する工程とを含む、上記方法。 - 工程(a)の温度が300~550℃の範囲内である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の触媒が、La、Ga、InおよびAlからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の触媒がLaNiO3を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の触媒が、Ni-SiO2-Al2O3を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の触媒が、LaNiO3とNi-SiO2-Al2O3を、0.05~0.25の間の重量比(LaNiO3/Ni-SiO2-Al2O3)で含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)から得られた混合物に所定量のエタノールを添加する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 所定量の工程(b)から得られた混合物が、前記第1の触媒および前記第2の触媒から選択される少なくとも1つに対してリサイクルされる、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法を行うための装置であって、当該装置は、第1の部分と第2の部分を有しており、これらが、前記装置に入るエタノールの供給が最初に前記第1の部分と接触し、得られた混合物が前記第2の部分と接触するように接続しており、前記第1の部分が、担体に担持した第1の触媒を含み、前記担体が、混合酸化物およびメソポーラス担体から選択され、前記第1の触媒が、MgO、Ni、及びLaNiO3からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つと、場合により、金属および金属酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含み、前記第2の部分が、第2の触媒を含み、前記第2の触媒が、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒であり、エッチングした金属担持型ゼオライト触媒が、エッチングし、その後に前記触媒の上に金属を担持する工程を含む方法を用いて製造され、前記金属が、ナノ粒子の形態であり、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属が、エッチングしたゼオライト触媒に担持される、上記装置。
- 前記第1の触媒のメソポーラス担体が、Al2O3およびSiO2-Al2O3からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の触媒中の金属が、Pt、Re、W、Ta、PdおよびNiからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、請求項9又は10に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の触媒中の金属が、少なくとも2種類の異なる金属である、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の触媒中の金属が、Zn、Fe、Cu、Ni、Au、Pt、Pd、Ir、Rh、Co、Os、ReおよびRuからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属である、請求項9~12のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の触媒中のゼオライトが、ペンタシル型ゼオライトに属するアルミノシリケートゼオライトである、請求項9~13のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記装置が、場合によりタンタルで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた銅の部分を含む、請求項9~14のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
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