JP6947545B2 - 電池 - Google Patents
電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6947545B2 JP6947545B2 JP2017119430A JP2017119430A JP6947545B2 JP 6947545 B2 JP6947545 B2 JP 6947545B2 JP 2017119430 A JP2017119430 A JP 2017119430A JP 2017119430 A JP2017119430 A JP 2017119430A JP 6947545 B2 JP6947545 B2 JP 6947545B2
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- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 35
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 32
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- -1 LiFeO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004772 tellurides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[W]=O DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
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- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の電池の構成例、及び作製方法例について説明する。
以下では、本発明の一態様の電池の作製方法の例について説明する。図1は、以下で例示する電池の作製方法にかかるフローチャートである。
まず、本発明の一態様の電池が有する集電体について説明する。図2(A)、(B)にそれぞれ集電体11aと集電体11bの上面概略図を示す。
まず、集電体11aと集電体11bを複数準備し、それぞれを長さ方向にずらして積層する。
続いて、図3(C)に示すように、集電体11aのタブ部21a、及び集電体11bのタブ部21bに、それぞれリード12a、リード12bを接合する。接合には、例えば超音波溶接等を用いることができる。
続いて、タブ部21aとリード12aの一部、及びタブ部21bとリード12bの一部を、それぞれ絶縁する。
続いて、タブ部21a、タブ部21bを、それぞれ折り返す。
続いて、リード12a、リード12b、電極部22a、電極部22bを、固定部材17により固定する。
続いて、電極部材10を、電解液とともに外装体で覆い、外装体の周囲をシール(封止)する。
以下では、上記作製方法例1とは一部の異なる電池の作製方法例について図面を参照して説明する。なおここでは、上記と重複する部分については説明を省略する場合がある。
まず、図10(A)に示すように、集電体11aと集電体11bを複数準備し、それぞれを積層する。ここでは作製方法例1とは異なり、それぞれを意図的にずらさずに積層する。
続いて、図10(B)に示すように、集電体11aのタブ部21a、及び集電体11bのタブ部21bに、それぞれリード12a、リード12bを接合する。
続いて、リード12bと、集電体11aとが電気的にショートすることを防ぐため、これらの間に、絶縁部材18を設け、リード12bと集電体11aとを絶縁する。
続いて、図11(B)に示すように、リード12a、リード12b、電極部22a、電極部22bを、固定部材17により固定する。
続いて、電極部材10aを、電解液とともに外装体で覆い、外装体の周囲をシール(封止)する。
以下では、上記作製方法例で例示した電極部材を用いた電池の構成例について、図面を参照して説明する。ここでは特に、繰り返し曲げる用途に適した電池の構成例について説明する。
以下では、本発明の一態様の電極部材、及び電池の各構成要素について説明する。
正極は、正極集電体と、正極集電体上に形成された正極活物質層などにより構成される。正極活物質層は、正極集電体の一方の面、または両方の面に形成することができる。
負極は、負極集電体と、負極集電体上に形成された負極活物質層などにより構成される。負極活物質層は、負極集電体の一方の面、または両方の面に形成することができる。
セパレータを形成するための材料として、セルロースや、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリブテン、ナイロン、ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、テトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフェニレンサルファイド等の多孔性絶縁体を用いることができる。また、ガラス繊維等の不織布や、ガラス繊維と高分子繊維を複合した隔膜を用いてもよい。
電解液は、電解質として、キャリアイオンが移動可能であり、且つキャリアイオンであるリチウムイオンを有する材料を用いる。電解質の代表例としては、LiPF6、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiBF4、LiCF3SO3、Li(CF3SO2)2N、Li(C2F5SO2)2N、Li(SO2F)2N等のリチウム塩がある。これらの電解質は、一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で用いてもよい。
二次電池の構造としては、様々な構造があるが、本実施の形態では、外装体にフィルムを用いる。なお、外装体を形成するためのフィルムは金属フィルム(アルミニウム、ステンレス、ニッケル鋼など)、有機材料からなるプラスチックフィルム、有機材料(有機樹脂や繊維など)と無機材料(セラミックなど)とを含むハイブリッド材料フィルム、炭素含有無機フィルム(カーボンフィルム、グラファイトフィルムなど)から選ばれる単層フィルムまたはこれら複数からなる積層フィルムを用いる。金属フィルムは、エンボス加工を行いやすく、エンボス加工を行って凹部または凸部を形成すると外気に触れる外装体の表面積が増大するため、放熱効果に優れている。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1を用いて得られる電池、特に二次電池を組み込んだ電子機器の一例を示す。
まず、以下の3種類の試料(比較試料1、比較試料2、試料1)を作製した。
作製した比較試料2と、試料1について、X線CT(X−ray computed tomography)を用いて電池の内部を観察した。
続いて、比較試料1、比較試料2、及び試料1について、曲げ伸ばし試験を繰り返し行った。曲げ伸ばし試験は、曲率半径25mmで曲げた状態と、平坦な状態とを繰り返し行った。
図23(A)、(B)、(C)は、各試料の曲げ伸ばし試験前の、断面のX線CT像を示している。図23(A)は比較試料1、図23(B)は比較試料2、図23(C)は試料1の、外装体の谷線に沿った断面である。
各試料に対して、曲げ伸ばし試験前後における充放電特性を測定した。
続いて、曲げ伸ばし試験を10000回行った比較試料2と、試料1について、再び透過X線写真を撮影し、内部構造を観察した。
10a 電極部材
11a 集電体
11b 集電体
12a リード
12b リード
13a 活物質層
13b 活物質層
14 セパレータ
14a セパレータ
15a 接合部
15b 接合部
16 絶縁部材
16a 絶縁部材
16b 絶縁部材
17 固定部材
18 絶縁部材
18a 絶縁部材
18b 絶縁部材
18c 絶縁部材
21a タブ部
21b タブ部
22a 電極部
22b 電極部
50 電池
51 外装体
61 折り曲げ部
62 シール部
63 シール部
71 稜線
72 谷線
73 空間
200 情報処理装置
210 演算装置
220 入出力装置
230 表示部
250 蓄電装置
290 通信部
400 眼鏡型デバイス
400a フレーム
400b 表示部
401 ヘッドセット型デバイス
401a マイク部
401b フレキシブルパイプ
401c イヤフォン部
402 デバイス
402a 筐体
402b 蓄電装置
403 デバイス
403a 筐体
403b 蓄電装置
405 腕時計型デバイス
405a 表示部
405b ベルト部
406 ベルト型デバイス
406a ベルト部
406b ワイヤレス給電受電部
7100 携帯電話
7101 筐体
7102 表示部
7103 操作ボタン
7104 二次電池
7105 リード電極
7106 集電体
7400 携帯電話機
7401 筐体
7402 表示部
7403 操作ボタン
7404 外部接続ポート
7405 スピーカ
7406 マイク
7407 二次電池
7408 リード電極
7409 集電体
Claims (9)
- 第1のリードと、第2のリードと、第1の集電体と、第2の集電体と、絶縁性の固定部材と、を有し、
前記第1の集電体は、前記第1のリードと接合された第1の部分と、第1の活物質が塗工された第2の部分と、を有し、
前記第2の集電体は、前記第2のリードと接合された第3の部分と、第2の活物質が塗工された第4の部分と、を有し、
前記第1のリードと、前記第2の部分と、前記第4の部分とは、互いに重なる部分を有し、
前記第2のリードと、前記第2の部分と、前記第4の部分とは、互いに重なる部分を有し、
前記第1のリード、前記第1の集電体、及び前記第2の集電体は、互いに重なる部分で前記固定部材により固定され、
前記第2のリード、前記第1の集電体、及び前記第2の集電体は、互いに重なる部分で前記固定部材により固定された、
電池。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1の集電体は、前記第1の部分と、前記第2の部分の間で折り返され、
前記第1のリードと、前記第1の部分と、前記第2の部分とは、互いに重なる部分を有し、
前記第2の集電体は、前記第3の部分と、前記第4の部分の間で折り返され、
前記第2のリードと、前記第3の部分と、前記第4の部分とは、互いに重なる部分を有する、
電池。 - 請求項2において、
前記第1の集電体は、前記第1のリードと接合される面が外側になるように折り返され、
前記第2の集電体は、前記第2のリードと接合される面が外側になるように折り返された、
電池。 - 請求項2または請求項3において、
第1の絶縁部材と、第2の絶縁部材と、を有し、
前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分とは、前記第1の絶縁部材を介して重なり、
前記第3の部分と前記第4の部分とは、前記第2の絶縁部材を介して重なる、
電池。 - 請求項4において、
前記第1の絶縁部材は、前記第1の部分と前記第1のリードとを覆い、
前記第2の絶縁部材は、前記第3の部分と前記第2のリードとを覆う、
電池。 - 請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一において、
外装体を有し、
前記外装体は、フィルム状の形状を有し、前記第1の集電体及び前記第2の集電体を挟むように2つに折り曲げられており、
前記外装体は、前記第1の集電体及び前記第2の集電体を挟む一対の第1のシール部と、前記第1のリード及び前記第2のリードと重なる第2のシール部と、を有し、
前記外装体は、前記第1の集電体及び前記第2の集電体と重なる領域において、前記第2のシール部と概略平行な波形状を有する、
電池。 - 請求項6において、
前記第1のシール部、及び前記第2のシール部は、前記波形状を有さず平坦である、
電池。 - 請求項6または請求項7において、
前記第1のシール部と、前記第1の集電体の端部または前記第2の集電体の端部との距離が、前記第1の集電体及び前記第2の集電体を含む積層体の厚さの0.8倍以上3.0倍以下である、
電池。 - 請求項6乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
一対の前記第1のシール部の間の距離と、前記第1の集電体の幅または前記第2の集電体の幅との差が、前記第1の集電体及び前記第2の集電体を含む積層体の厚さの1.6倍以上6.0倍以下である、
電池。
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WO2023156868A1 (ja) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-08-24 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 二次電池 |
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US20170373285A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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