JP6928102B2 - ポリブタジエンとポリイソプレンとの高シス−1,4ブロックコポリマー - Google Patents
ポリブタジエンとポリイソプレンとの高シス−1,4ブロックコポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP6928102B2 JP6928102B2 JP2019545907A JP2019545907A JP6928102B2 JP 6928102 B2 JP6928102 B2 JP 6928102B2 JP 2019545907 A JP2019545907 A JP 2019545907A JP 2019545907 A JP2019545907 A JP 2019545907A JP 6928102 B2 JP6928102 B2 JP 6928102B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- lanthanide
- compound
- neodymium
- monomer
- chloride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 95
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 164
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 126
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 97
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 92
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 92
- -1 aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 77
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 64
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 26
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 15
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 13
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 7
- LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)C[AlH2] LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].C[CH2] MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 7,7-dimethyloctanoate;neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012967 coordination catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NRQNMMBQPIGPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylaluminum Chemical compound [CH3].[Al] NRQNMMBQPIGPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FZSGSQRHSIHSJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C FZSGSQRHSIHSJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HVTZEGSRSGXTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-di(propan-2-yl)icosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C HVTZEGSRSGXTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NZVDDYGBDVLZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-yldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)C(C)C NZVDDYGBDVLZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UWJQUCWDQGWIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-yloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N(CC)CCCCCCCC UWJQUCWDQGWIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BLUMOYUVFNNISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-ylpentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)C(C)C BLUMOYUVFNNISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WCIGHOSCUSGXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-yltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)C(C)C WCIGHOSCUSGXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ARMRGMLLHCXVCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-yltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)C(C)C ARMRGMLLHCXVCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LATCXSCEDIDGDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-N-propan-2-ylundecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)C(C)C LATCXSCEDIDGDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JSHRIMYKHAKPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-propan-2-ylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C JSHRIMYKHAKPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUZUZJHYUSQXCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-propan-2-yloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C JUZUZJHYUSQXCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAVNCHJSERDMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-propan-2-ylpentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C FAVNCHJSERDMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DBUMGMIMDHRZLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-propan-2-yltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C DBUMGMIMDHRZLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNZNXEFADDWFPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-propan-2-ylundecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(C)C RNZNXEFADDWFPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002601 lanthanoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RDNMOYZEMHOLIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)decan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C RDNMOYZEMHOLIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UCTLSGRLXPPMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)dodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C UCTLSGRLXPPMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDKYQGXMNZCOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)nonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C KDKYQGXMNZCOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXFXGJYVVIZSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C KXFXGJYVVIZSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YHFNMMWGHADSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)pentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C YHFNMMWGHADSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNPHWIMNSGBDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)tetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C RNPHWIMNSGBDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NSWMPHBFUWZPDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C NSWMPHBFUWZPDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZYGAPESTBGXSES-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(propan-2-yl)undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C ZYGAPESTBGXSES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFFQZCPLBHYOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC UFFQZCPLBHYOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOKYPACLTOWHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC IOKYPACLTOWHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AVOKRHSASDONRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC AVOKRHSASDONRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IBTOMDSHMLGUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC IBTOMDSHMLGUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVUGARXRRGZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CC)CC BVUGARXRRGZONH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BICPURLNGRQXAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylpentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC BICPURLNGRQXAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YUMFFTKWMWTBBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC YUMFFTKWMWTBBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GFKYEYVYVGMLQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CC)CC GFKYEYVYVGMLQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWWNNLPSZSEZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AYNZRGVSQNDHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylicosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C AYNZRGVSQNDHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMAADDMFZSZCNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN(C)C AMAADDMFZSZCNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNHHYQWNNZIBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C SNHHYQWNNZIBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MMWFTWUMBYZIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylundecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C MMWFTWUMBYZIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SKRQXOLEJYUCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCC)CCC SKRQXOLEJYUCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QISQZMBDDZCOTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCC)CCC QISQZMBDDZCOTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KAOCBOGQOACTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropylpentadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCC)CCC KAOCBOGQOACTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ABKXEQSGTRALBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropyltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCC)CCC ABKXEQSGTRALBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQUMGUJWONQWSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-methylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CC BQUMGUJWONQWSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- OWSOJHCWELAMIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl(tridecyl)azanium octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](CCC)CCC OWSOJHCWELAMIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WXXZSFJVAMRMPV-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ga](F)F WXXZSFJVAMRMPV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DWRNSCDYNYYYHT-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium(iii) iodide Chemical compound I[Ga](I)I DWRNSCDYNYYYHT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UWUCCGNFBUNFQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H heptyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane neodymium(3+) Chemical compound C(CCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3].C(CCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3] UWUCCGNFBUNFQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- URXQDXAVUYKSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C URXQDXAVUYKSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROAHWKKYHPSQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(dipropyl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(CC)[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CCC ROAHWKKYHPSQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHQBPFUXMJHYET-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)(C)[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C FHQBPFUXMJHYET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTXNKBMFRGTAAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C(C)C)C(C)C PTXNKBMFRGTAAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMWLOPJGCSZXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl-methyl-propan-2-ylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C FMWLOPJGCSZXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHFDVUPULXKOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane neodymium(3+) Chemical compound C(CCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3].C(CCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3] YHFDVUPULXKOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000043 hydrogen iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DWRCGBDFQMKJAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosyl-methyl-propan-2-ylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C(C)C DWRCGBDFQMKJAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940030980 inova Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001102 lavandula vera Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018219 lavender Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical class [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRYKIHMRDIOPSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;benzene Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1=CC=[C-]C=C1.C1=CC=[C-]C=C1 WRYKIHMRDIOPSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;butane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;iodide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[I-] VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DLPASUVGCQPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;ethane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[CH2-]C.[CH2-]C DLPASUVGCQPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVOYYLUVELMWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;hexane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCC[CH2-].CCCCC[CH2-] RVOYYLUVELMWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZFCBBSYZJPPIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;hexane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].CCCCC[CH2-] LZFCBBSYZJPPIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GBRJQTLHXWRDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;hexane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].CCCCC[CH2-] GBRJQTLHXWRDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WCFJMDWWJOCLSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;methanidylbenzene Chemical compound [Mg+2].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[CH2-]C1=CC=CC=C1 WCFJMDWWJOCLSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGEFGPVWRJCFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC=C1 QGEFGPVWRJCFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZLQYHGCKLKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;propane Chemical compound [Mg+2].C[CH-]C.C[CH-]C DQZLQYHGCKLKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQLIEGFPDMCSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K methoxymethanedithioate neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].COC([S-])=S.COC([S-])=S.COC([S-])=S DQLIEGFPDMCSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- SZEAAZSJJACXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-nonyl-propan-2-ylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCCC)C(C)C SZEAAZSJJACXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQVHEQWAOPGKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-octyl-propan-2-ylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCC)C(C)C OQVHEQWAOPGKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWOQVSIXZADDIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-pentadecyl-propan-2-ylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C NWOQVSIXZADDIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVYQDRNXEPACCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-propan-2-yl-tetradecylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C FVYQDRNXEPACCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DJENUVPCARYJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-propan-2-yl-undecylazanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C DJENUVPCARYJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBKBZMOLSULOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L methylaluminum(2+);dibromide Chemical compound C[Al](Br)Br XBKBZMOLSULOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- BFDDMZKDAIOGFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyloctan-1-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C BFDDMZKDAIOGFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMRCCZJBDIJBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylundecan-1-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C JMRCCZJBDIJBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKGJWYZGYDBCHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropyldodecan-1-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCC)CCC UKGJWYZGYDBCHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SYXMWPBAUUEGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-H neodymium(3+) octadecyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane Chemical compound [Nd+3].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3] SYXMWPBAUUEGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GLZXZRRNNROJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-H neodymium(3+) octyl-dioxido-oxo-lambda5-phosphane Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3].C(CCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCC)P([O-])([O-])=O.[Nd+3] GLZXZRRNNROJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- FJWHSHNHTPHETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+) tricyanide Chemical compound [Nd+3].[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N FJWHSHNHTPHETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCOLBMWNEVUKDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+) trithiocyanate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N HCOLBMWNEVUKDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MPKWOMQKNIDCKY-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);2-nonylphenolate Chemical compound [Nd+3].CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1[O-].CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1[O-].CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1[O-] MPKWOMQKNIDCKY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- HZHUIQPXRWTHNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Nd+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] HZHUIQPXRWTHNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPCGPGSYNUPEKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);tribenzoate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HPCGPGSYNUPEKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LBWLQVSRPJHLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);tribromide Chemical class Br[Nd](Br)Br LBWLQVSRPJHLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SXSPKVLHGFYNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);tricarbamodithioate Chemical class [Nd+3].NC([S-])=S.NC([S-])=S.NC([S-])=S SXSPKVLHGFYNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AARCLZBTVAUMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);triformate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O AARCLZBTVAUMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- TZNZEEADHYGQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);triphenoxide Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 TZNZEEADHYGQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(iii) chloride Chemical class Cl[Nd](Cl)Cl ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YFXXSZPEEPDZCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonyl(dipropyl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(CC)[NH+](CCCCCCCCC)CCC YFXXSZPEEPDZCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIIOKYVGJASWAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonyl(dipropyl)azanium octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[NH+](CCC)CCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O YIIOKYVGJASWAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSPUPQGIXJPUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)(C)[NH+](CCCCCCCCC)C(C)C RSPUPQGIXJPUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LCIQCPAQGJATHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl(dipropyl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(CC)[NH+](CCCCCCCC)CCC LCIQCPAQGJATHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXRJZEIFKKYMBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl(phenyl)alumane Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)[AlH]CCCCCCCC JXRJZEIFKKYMBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMKBWZXSKDYZDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M octyl(phenyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[Al+]C1=CC=CC=C1 KMKBWZXSKDYZDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LGJNPODCYBPUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)(C)[NH+](CCCCCCCC)C(C)C LGJNPODCYBPUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOEVKJXMZBAALG-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[AlH2] SOEVKJXMZBAALG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBLGTYCOUOIUNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L octylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](Cl)Cl RBLGTYCOUOIUNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyldodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CJGCANVALJDXAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecyl(dipropyl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(CC)[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CCC CJGCANVALJDXAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLEWIHLUBNBIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)(C)[NH+](CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C)C BLEWIHLUBNBIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QDUCABQBSRSYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl(propan-2-yl)alumane Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)[AlH]C(C)C QDUCABQBSRSYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUIJJJLOSZSJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenyl(propan-2-yl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(C)[Al+]C1=CC=CC=C1 CUIJJJLOSZSJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZKGDHJAHOGRQEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl(propyl)alumane Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)[AlH]CCC ZKGDHJAHOGRQEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAQNAPUTWYBWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenyl(propyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCC[Al+]C1=CC=CC=C1 AAQNAPUTWYBWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005054 phenyltrichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011414 polymer cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylalumane Chemical compound C(C)(C)[AlH2] ZYTJPPRBIGGXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIBFXMJCUYXJDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoyl bromide Chemical compound CCC(Br)=O RIBFXMJCUYXJDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(Cl)=O RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBRKWFIGZSMARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylalumane Chemical compound [AlH2]CCC OBRKWFIGZSMARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002577 pseudohalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTQZBGAODFEJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Se](Br)(Br)Br VTQZBGAODFEJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNBXMNQCXXEHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Se](Cl)(Cl)Cl LNBXMNQCXXEHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHGCXUUFRJCMON-UHFFFAOYSA-J silicon(4+);tetraiodide Chemical compound [Si+4].[I-].[I-].[I-].[I-] JHGCXUUFRJCMON-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007155 step growth polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKSOPLXZQNSWAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl bromide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Br RKSOPLXZQNSWAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cl NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical class NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTSUHJWLSNQKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) bromide Chemical compound Br[Sn](Br)(Br)Br LTSUHJWLSNQKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Ti](Br)(Br)Br UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- NLLZTRMHNHVXJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetraiodide Chemical compound I[Ti](I)(I)I NLLZTRMHNHVXJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- MCWWHQMTJNSXPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzylalumane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[Al](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MCWWHQMTJNSXPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNHZOAONLKYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-K tribromoindigane Chemical compound Br[In](Br)Br JKNHZOAONLKYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVRKTAOFDKFAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributylstannanylium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[Sn+](CCCC)CCCC FVRKTAOFDKFAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIYNWDQDHKSRCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylalumane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1[Al](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 ZIYNWDQDHKSRCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQPIFPBKXYBDGV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethylstannanylium;bromide Chemical compound CC[Sn](Br)(CC)CC KQPIFPBKXYBDGV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JNLSTWIBJFIVHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroindigane Chemical compound F[In](F)F JNLSTWIBJFIVHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroneodymium Chemical class F[Nd](F)F XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMUKCGUDVKEQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodoindigane Chemical compound I[In](I)I RMUKCGUDVKEQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UQRJNAUTJXCQJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylalumane tris(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)C.CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C UQRJNAUTJXCQJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZGUIAFRJWSYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylstannanylium;bromide Chemical compound C[Sn](C)(C)Br MZGUIAFRJWSYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOJQVUCWSDRWJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripentylalumane Chemical compound CCCCC[Al](CCCCC)CCCCC JOJQVUCWSDRWJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylalumane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Al](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethyl chloride Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDHQENQYSFSSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1-methylcyclopentyl)alumane Chemical compound C1CCCC1(C)[Al](C1(C)CCCC1)C1(C)CCCC1 QDHQENQYSFSSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYWRONRUDLXRGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2-dimethylpropyl)alumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C[Al](CC(C)(C)C)CC(C)(C)C MYWRONRUDLXRGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHRAFNQICZNWIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,6-dimethylphenyl)alumane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1[Al](C=1C(=CC=CC=1C)C)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZHRAFNQICZNWIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHAOCGKAMRAFMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethylhexyl)alumane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C[Al](CC(CC)CCCC)CC(CC)CCCC FHAOCGKAMRAFMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Al](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0025—Compositions of the sidewalls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
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- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the coordination type
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/52—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides selected from boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium or rare earths
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/54—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with other compounds thereof
- C08F4/545—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with other compounds thereof rare earths being present, e.g. triethylaluminium + neodymium octanoate
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- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
- B60C2011/0016—Physical properties or dimensions
- B60C2011/0025—Modulus or tan delta
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- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/03—Use of a di- or tri-thiocarbonylthio compound, e.g. di- or tri-thioester, di- or tri-thiocarbamate, or a xanthate as chain transfer agent, e.g . Reversible Addition Fragmentation chain Transfer [RAFT] or Macromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthates [MADIX]
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- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
Description
ポリマー特性
産業上の利用性
式中、R1、R2、及びR3は、それぞれ独立して一価の有機基である。1又は複数の実施形態では、R1、R2、及び/又はR3は、約8〜約20個の炭素原子、他の実施形態では約10〜約18個の炭素原子、他の実施形態では約12〜約16個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素基であってもよい。これらの又は他の実施形態では、炭化水素基は直鎖炭化水素基であってよい。当業者には理解されるように、第三級アミン塩は、例えば、第三級アミンを酸と反応させることによって調製されてもよい。これらの又は他の実施形態では、第三級アミンは、対イオン、具体的には酸の共役塩基を含み得る。
タイヤの製造方法
シス−1,4ブロックコポリマーの合成
ランタニド含有化合物
有機アルミニウム化合物
以下の一般式によって表すことができるオリゴマー環式アルミノキサン
(式中、xは1〜約100、又は約10〜約50の範囲の整数であってもよく、yは2〜約100、又は約3〜約20の範囲の整数であってもよく、各Rは独立して、アルミニウム原子に炭素原子を介して結合される一価の有機基であってもよい)と、を含めることができる。一実施形態では、各Rは独立して、ヒドロカルビル基、例えば、限定するものではないが、アルキル、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、アルケニル、シクロアルケニル、置換シクロアルケニル、アリール、置換アリール、アラルキル、アルカリル、アリル、及びアルキニル基であってもよく、各基は、1個の炭素原子(又は基を形成するのに適切な最小数の炭素原子)から最大で約20個の炭素原子を含有している。これらのヒドロカルビル基はまた、へテロ原子、例えば、限定するものではないが、窒素原子、酸素原子、ホウ素原子、ケイ素原子、硫黄原子、及びリン原子を含有していてもよい。なお、本出願で用いるアルミノキサンのモル数とは、オリゴマーアルミノキサン分子のモル数ではなく、アルミニウム原子のモル数を指すことに留意すべきである。この慣習は、アルミノキサンを用いる触媒系の技術分野において広く用いられている。特定の実施形態では、オリゴマー直鎖アルミノキサンとオリゴマー環状アルミノキサンの混合物を使用してもよい。
有機マグネシウム化合物
ハロゲン源
非配位アニオン/非配位アニオン前駆体
特定の触媒
量
触媒系の調製
添加の順序
溶媒の使用
触媒系形成の条件
触媒系の熟成
重合混合物
疑似リビングポリマー
末端官能化反応
官能化剤
ポリマーの回収
実施例1.1
触媒の調製
重合
実施例1.2
触媒の調製
重合
実施例1.3
触媒の調製
重合
Claims (8)
- ゴム成分と、
充填剤と、
硬化剤と、を含み、
前記ゴム成分が、ポリブタジエンとポリイソプレンとのブロックコポリマーを含み、前記ブロックコポリマーは、前記ゴム成分の50〜100重量%であり、前記ブロックコポリマーが少なくとも90%のシス含量を有する、加硫性組成物。 - 前記ブロックコポリマーが、1,000g/モル〜1,200,000g/モルの数平均分子量を有し、前記ブロックコポリマーが、90:10〜10:90のポリブタジエン対ポリイソプレンの比を有し、前記充填剤の量が、ゴム100重量部当たり5〜200重量部である、請求項1に記載の加硫性組成物。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の加硫性組成物から調製されるタイヤ部品。
- ポリブタジエンとポリイソプレンとの高シス−1,4−結合含量のブロックコポリマーを調製する方法であって、
(i)第1のモノマーとランタニド系触媒とを組み合わせることによって、疑似リビングポリマーを含む重合混合物を形成することであって、前記ランタニド系触媒が、
(a)ランタニド含有化合物と、
(b)アルミノキサンと、
(c)少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物が式AlRnX3−nによって定義され、式中、各Rは、独立して、炭化水素基又は置換炭化水素基であり、各Xは、独立して、水素原子、カルボキシレート基、アルコキシド基、又はアリールオキシド基であり、nは1〜3の整数である、前記少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物と、
(d)ハロゲン含有化合物を含むハロゲン源と、を含み、前記ハロゲン源が前記アルミノキサン及び前記少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物とは異なることと、
(ii)疑似リビングポリブタジエンポリマーを含む前記重合混合物に、第2のモノマーを添加することと、を含み、
前記第1のモノマーは1,3−ブタジエン又はイソプレンのいずれかであり、前記第2のモノマーは、前記第1のモノマーと同じではなく、かつ1,3−ブタジエン又はイソプレンのいずれかであり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物の量が前記第1のモノマー100グラム当たり、0.008〜0.16mmolであり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物の量が前記第2のモノマー100グラム当たり、0.004〜0.8mmolであり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物に対する、前記アルミノキサンのモル比が5:1〜1,000:1であり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物に対する、前記少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物のモル比は、1:1〜200:1であり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物中のランタニド原子のモル数に対する、前記ハロゲン源中のハロゲン原子のモル数の比が0.5:1〜20:1である、方法。 - 前記ランタニド系触媒が、更に第2の有機アルミニウム化合物を含み、前記少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物がジヒドロカルビルアルミニウムヒドリド化合物であり、前記第2の有機アルミニウム化合物がトリヒドロカルビルアルミニウム化合物であり、前記ランタニド含有化合物がランタニドカルボキシレートであり、前記ハロゲン含有化合物が有機金属ハライドであり、前記アルミノキサン化合物がオリゴマー直鎖アルミノキサンである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記得られたブロックコポリマーが、1,000g/モル〜1,200,000g/モルの数平均分子量、90:10〜10:90のポリブタジエン対ポリイソプレンの比、及び少なくとも90%のシス含量を有する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ポリブタジエンとポリイソプレンとの、高シス−1,4−結合含量のブロックコポリマーを調製する方法であって、
(i)1,3−ブタジエンをランタニド系触媒と重合して疑似リビングポリマーを形成することであって、前記ランタニド系触媒が、
(a)ランタニド含有化合物と、
(b)アルミノキサンと、
(c)式AlRnX3−nによって定義され、式中、各Rは、独立して、炭化水素基又は置換炭化水素基であり、各Xは、独立して、水素原子、カルボキシレート基、アルコキシド基、又はアリールオキシド基であり、nは1〜3の整数である、有機アルミニウム化合物と、
(d)ハロゲン含有化合物を含むハロゲン源と、を含み、前記ハロゲン源が前記アルミノキサン及び前記少なくとも1つの有機アルミニウム化合物とは異なることと、
(ii)前記疑似リビングポリマーをイソプレンと反応させ、
前記ランタニド含有化合物の量が1,3ブタジエン100グラム当たり、0.008〜0.16mmolであり
前記ランタニド含有化合物の量がイソプレン100グラム当たり、0.004〜0.8mmolであり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物に対する、前記アルミノキサンのモル比が5:1〜1,000:1であり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物に対する、前記有機アルミニウム化合物のモル比が1:1〜200:1であり、
前記ランタニド含有化合物中のランタニド原子のモル数に対する、前記ハロゲン源中のハロゲン原子のモル数の比が0.5:1〜20:1である、方法。
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