JP6906766B2 - ガス処理方法及びガス処理装置 - Google Patents
ガス処理方法及びガス処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6906766B2 JP6906766B2 JP2017229936A JP2017229936A JP6906766B2 JP 6906766 B2 JP6906766 B2 JP 6906766B2 JP 2017229936 A JP2017229936 A JP 2017229936A JP 2017229936 A JP2017229936 A JP 2017229936A JP 6906766 B2 JP6906766 B2 JP 6906766B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 179
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 169
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 86
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- -1 methane gas Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCNCCO MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound NCCOCCO GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCNCCO LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWFKOMDBEKIATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl-methylamino]ethyl]-n,n,n'-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C DWFKOMDBEKIATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
第1実施形態に係るガス処理装置10は、処理液を用いて酸性化合物を含む被処理ガスから酸性化合物を分離するために利用される。図1に示すように、ガス処理装置10は、吸収器12と、再生器14と、循環路16と、熱交換器18とを備えている。循環路16は、吸収器12から処理液を抜き出して再生器14に導入させる第1流路21と、再生器14から処理液を抜き出して吸収液に還流させる第2流路22とを含む。なお、熱交換器18は省略することが可能である。
図10は本発明の第2実施形態を示す。尚、ここでは第1実施形態と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付し、その詳細な説明を省略する。
第1実施形態で説明したように、分離促進ガスの気液比が高い場合には、再生温度が吸収温度とほぼ同じでも、処理液を再生することができる。そして、さらに気液比を高めた場合には、再生温度を吸収温度よりも低く設定することが可能となる。この場合、吸収器12と再生器14との間で直接的に熱交換することにより、吸収器12の反応熱を再生器14に伝熱させることが可能となる。このプロセスにおいては、エネルギー原単位は0GJ/ton−CO2となる。
図12は本発明の第3実施形態を示す。第4実施形態は、第3実施形態と同様に、吸収器12と再生器14との間で直接的に熱交換する構成となっているが、第4実施形態では、二重管構造となっている。すなわち、再生器14が円筒状に形成されるとともに、吸収器12がこの円筒の内側に配置されている。そして、吸収器12の外周面と再生器14の内周面とが互いに接触していて、伝熱面となっている。なお、吸収器12が円筒状に形成されるとともに、再生器14がこの円筒の内側に配置されていてもよい。
12 吸収器
14 再生器
42 ガス供給部
42a ガス路
42b 供給源
50 熱輸送手段
Claims (12)
- 酸性化合物を含む被処理ガスと前記酸性化合物を吸収する処理液とを吸収器内で接触させる吸収工程と、
前記酸性化合物を吸収した前記処理液を再生器に送り、前記処理液を加熱して当該処理液から酸性化合物を分離する再生工程と、を含み、
前記再生工程において、前記処理液にほぼ溶解しないガスであって、メタンガス等の炭化水素ガス、水素ガス、酸素ガスのいずれかからなる分離促進ガスを前記再生器に供給し、前記分離促進ガスと前記処理液とを接触させる、ガス処理方法。 - 請求項1に記載のガス処理方法において、
前記吸収器で発生する反応熱を前記再生器へ熱輸送する熱輸送手段が用いられる、ガス処理方法。 - 請求項1に記載のガス処理方法において、
前記吸収器と前記再生器とが互いに接触して、当該吸収器と当該再生器との間で直接的に熱交換する、ガス処理方法。 - 請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載のガス処理方法において、
前記再生器の温度に対する前記吸収器の温度の温度差が−20℃〜30℃である、ガス処理方法。 - 請求項1から4の何れか1項に記載のガス処理方法において、
前記再生工程において、前記処理液1g当たり0.05リットル以上の前記分離促進ガスを前記再生器に導入する、ガス処理方法。 - 請求項1から5の何れか1項に記載のガス処理方法において、
前記処理液は、前記酸性化合物を吸収することにより、酸性化合物の含有率の異なる相に相分離する処理液である、ガス処理方法。 - 酸性化合物を含む被処理ガスと、前記酸性化合物を吸収する処理液とを用い、前記被処理ガスから酸性化合物を分離するガス処理装置であって、
前記処理液に前記被処理ガスを接触させる吸収器と、
前記吸収器において前記被処理ガスと接触した前記処理液を加熱して酸性化合物を分離させる再生器と、
前記再生器に、前記処理液にほぼ溶解しないガスであって、メタンガス等の炭化水素ガス、水素ガス、酸素ガスのいずれかからなる分離促進ガスを供給するガス供給部と、
を備えている、ガス処理装置。 - 請求項7に記載のガス処理装置において、
前記吸収器で発生する反応熱を前記再生器へ熱輸送する手段を備えている、ガス処理装置。 - 請求項7に記載のガス処理装置において、
前記吸収器と前記再生器とが互いに接触して、当該吸収器と当該再生器とを直接的に熱交換させるように構成されている、ガス処理装置。 - 請求項7から9の何れか1項に記載のガス処理装置において、
前記再生器の温度に対する前記吸収器の温度の温度差が−20℃〜30℃である、ガス処理装置。 - 請求項7から10の何れか1項に記載のガス処理装置において、
前記ガス供給部は、前記処理液1g当たり0.05リットル以上の前記ガスを前記再生
器に供給する、ガス処理装置。 - 請求項7から11の何れか1項に記載のガス処理装置において、
前記処理液は、前記酸性化合物を吸収することにより、酸性化合物の含有率の異なる相に相分離する処理液である、ガス処理装置。
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