JP6855375B2 - 燃料組成物 - Google Patents
燃料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6855375B2 JP6855375B2 JP2017525923A JP2017525923A JP6855375B2 JP 6855375 B2 JP6855375 B2 JP 6855375B2 JP 2017525923 A JP2017525923 A JP 2017525923A JP 2017525923 A JP2017525923 A JP 2017525923A JP 6855375 B2 JP6855375 B2 JP 6855375B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gasoline
- fuel
- nafta
- tropsch
- fischer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 152
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 98
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 22
- -1 olefin hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 8
- 229950003621 butoxylate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- MQWDTXAOPTYTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCN1CCC(C#N)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MQWDTXAOPTYTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004904 UV filter Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N (3e,6e)-deca-3,6-diene Chemical compound CCC\C=C\C\C=C\CC GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical class C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical group CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GELKGHVAFRCJNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Dimethyloxirane Chemical group CC1(C)CO1 GELKGHVAFRCJNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(nonyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCCC JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZVAZDQMPUOHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(7-methyloctyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O UZVAZDQMPUOHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZGPACAKMCUCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacetamide Chemical class NC(=O)CO TZGPACAKMCUCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical class NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCO QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzoylmethane Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L isophthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical class O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylheptyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCC(CO)CCC YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003872 salicylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/06—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/10—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the octane number
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
- F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/305—Octane number, e.g. motor octane number [MON], research octane number [RON]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0415—Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
- C10L2200/0423—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0492—Fischer-Tropsch products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
n(CO+2H2)=(−CH2−)n+nH2O+熱。
所望される場合、2:1以外の水素:一酸化炭素の比率が用いられてもよい。
(xi)少なくとも11容量%、
(xii)少なくとも12容量%、
(xiii)少なくとも13容量%、
(xiv)少なくとも14容量%、
(xv)少なくとも15容量%、
特性(xi)、(xii)、(xiii)、(xiv)、及び(xv)が連続的により好ましく、
(xvi)最大50容量%まで、
(xvii)最大40容量%まで、
(xviii)最大35容量%まで、
(xix)最大32容量%まで、
(xx)最大30容量%まで、
特性(xvi)、(xvii)、(xviii)、(xix)、及び(xx)が連続的により好ましい。
Amberjac(著作権)によってプラグイン充電能力を有するように変換された、2008年産Toyota Prius1.5T4HEVを試験のために代表的なPHEVとして選択した。これを、従来の火花点火、直接燃料注入、内燃機関(ICE)技術を動力とする標準2004年産Volkswagen Golf1.6FSIと比較した。両方の車両内のICEを、可変バルブタイミングを有する4行程サイクルを使用して操作した。
燃料配合物の重量な考慮は、あらゆる燃料由来性能利点または欠点の潜在性である。これらは、車両(または機関)を、加速中及び/または安定状態中に全負荷で操作することによってほぼ決定される。燃料A及び燃料Bを、動力性能試験に供した。動力出力を評価するための条件を、表2に提示する。
両方の車両を使用して、5℃の試験温度で、四輪駆動シャーシダイナモメータに対して実行されたCO2排出及び燃料消費を試験した。標準NEDC(New European Driving Cycle)を使用して、排出を測定した。機関及び排気系を通した炭素質量連続性の単純な原理に基づく炭素平衡法を使用して、燃料消費を計算した。したがって、測定された排気ガス(CO、CO2、及び総未燃焼炭化水素)の炭素含有量を合計し、これをその時に使用された燃料中に存在する炭素と比較することで、燃料消費の正確な決定がもたらされる。現代の車両は、排気中の炭化水素材料を追加の水及びCO2へと変換するように設計された排気後処理系を装備する。したがって、燃料消費は一般に、CO2排出と強く相関するものと考えられる。
驚くべきことに、その低いオクタン品質にも関わらず、燃料Bは、両方の車両において燃料Aよりも低い速度で消費されることが見出された。
以下に出願時の特許請求の範囲の内容を記載する。
[1]
(a)ガソリンベース燃料と、(b)0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物の、火花点火内燃機関のための燃料としての使用であって、前記火花点火内燃機関が、ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン内に含まれる、使用。
[2]
前記ナフタが、フィッシャー・トロプシュ由来ナフタである、前記1に記載の使用。
[3]
前記ハイブリッド電気自動車が、プラグインハイブリッド電気自動車である、前記1または2に記載の使用。
[4]
前記液体燃料組成物が、ガソリンである、前記1〜3のいずれかに記載の使用。
[5]
前記液体燃料組成物が、95以下のリサーチオクタン価(RON)を有する、前記1〜4のいずれかに記載の使用。
[6]
前記液体燃料組成物が、93以下のリサーチオクタン価(RON)を有する、前記1〜5のいずれかに記載の使用。
[7]
前記液体燃料組成物が、10〜50容量%のナフタを含む、前記1〜6のいずれかに記載の使用。
[8]
(a)ガソリンベース燃料と、(b)0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物の、火花点火内燃機関内の燃料消費を改善するための使用。
[9]
前記ナフタが、フィッシャー・トロプシュ由来ナフタである、前記8に記載の使用。
[10]
前記火花点火内燃機関が、ハイブリッド電気自動車、特にプラグインハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン内に含まれる、前記8または9に記載の使用。
[11]
火花点火内燃機関を操作する方法であって、前記火花点火内燃機関が、ハイブリッド電気自動車、特にプラグインハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン内に含まれ、(a)ガソリンベース燃料と、(b)0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物を使用して前記内燃機関を操作することを含む、方法。
[12]
火花点火内燃機関内の燃料消費を改善する方法であって、(a)ガソリンベース燃料と、0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物を使用して前記内燃機関を操作することを含む、方法。
[13]
前記ナフタが、フィッシャー・トロプシュ由来ナフタである、前記11または12に記載の方法。
[14]
火花点火内燃機関内の動力出力を改善する方法であって、(a)ガソリンベース燃料と、0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物を使用して前記内燃機関を操作することを含む、方法。
Claims (3)
- (a)ガソリンベース燃料と、(b)0.5〜50容量%のナフタとを含む液体燃料組成物の、火花点火内燃機関における燃料消費を改善するための使用であって、前記火花点火内燃機関が、ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン内に含まれており、前記ハイブリッド電気自動車が、プラグインハイブリッド電気自動車であり、前記ナフタが、ASTM D2699によって測定されるリサーチオクタン価(RON)が最大で60であるフィッシャー・トロプシュ由来ナフタである、使用。
- 前記液体燃料組成物が、ガソリンである、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 前記液体燃料組成物が、95以下のリサーチオクタン価(RON)を有する、請求項1または2に記載の使用
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14192923.2 | 2014-11-12 | ||
EP14192923 | 2014-11-12 | ||
PCT/EP2015/076255 WO2016075166A1 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2015-11-10 | Fuel composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2017538000A JP2017538000A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
JP6855375B2 true JP6855375B2 (ja) | 2021-04-07 |
Family
ID=51904739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017525923A Active JP6855375B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 | 2015-11-10 | 燃料組成物 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10294436B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3218450B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6855375B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107109264B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112017009642B1 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY188310A (ja) |
PH (1) | PH12017500868A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016075166A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2019533045A (ja) * | 2016-10-03 | 2019-11-14 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイShell Internationale Research Maatschappij Beslotenvennootshap | 潤滑組成物の酸化安定性を向上させる方法 |
WO2018093530A1 (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-24 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Fuel compositions for controlling combustion in engines |
WO2018215881A1 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-29 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Lead-free gasoline blend |
CN113646413A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-11-12 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | 无铅汽油共混物 |
EP3986988A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2022-04-27 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gasoline fuel composition |
FI130550B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2023-11-15 | Neste Oyj | Petrol composition with octane synergy |
FI20205840A1 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | Neste Oyj | Octane-enhanced hydrocarbon intermediate composition |
US11753599B2 (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2023-09-12 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating compositions for a hybrid engine |
Family Cites Families (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2362208A1 (fr) | 1976-08-17 | 1978-03-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de valorisation d'effluents obtenus dans des syntheses de type fischer-tropsch |
NL8003313A (nl) | 1980-06-06 | 1982-01-04 | Shell Int Research | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van middeldestillaten. |
US4478955A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1984-10-23 | The Standard Oil Company | Upgrading synthesis gas |
IN161735B (ja) | 1983-09-12 | 1988-01-30 | Shell Int Research | |
DE3732908A1 (de) | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-13 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine enthaltende kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren |
US4877416A (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1989-10-31 | Chevron Research Company | Synergistic fuel compositions |
US4943672A (en) | 1987-12-18 | 1990-07-24 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Process for the hydroisomerization of Fischer-Tropsch wax to produce lubricating oil (OP-3403) |
US5059299A (en) | 1987-12-18 | 1991-10-22 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils |
US4849572A (en) | 1987-12-22 | 1989-07-18 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for preparing polybutenes having enhanced reactivity using boron trifluoride catalysts (PT-647) |
DE3826608A1 (de) | 1988-08-05 | 1990-02-08 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine oder polyetheraminderivate enthaltende kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren |
DE3838918A1 (de) | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-23 | Basf Ag | Kraftstoffe fuer verbrennungsmaschinen |
DE4142241A1 (de) | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-24 | Basf Ag | Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren |
MY108862A (en) | 1992-08-18 | 1996-11-30 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of hydrocarbon fuels |
DE4309074A1 (de) | 1993-03-20 | 1994-09-22 | Basf Ag | Als Kraftstoffadditiv geeignete Mischungen |
DE4313088A1 (de) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-27 | Basf Ag | Poly-1-n-alkenamine und diese enthaltende Kraft- und Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen |
EP0668342B1 (en) | 1994-02-08 | 1999-08-04 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Lubricating base oil preparation process |
DE4432038A1 (de) | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-14 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine enthaltende Kraftstoffe für Ottomotoren |
DE19525938A1 (de) | 1995-07-17 | 1997-01-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von organischen Stickstoffverbindungen, spezielle organische Stickstoffverbindungen und Mischungen aus solchen Verbindungen sowie deren Verwendung als Kraft- und Schmierstoffadditive |
US6296757B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2001-10-02 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US5689031A (en) | 1995-10-17 | 1997-11-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
EP0776959B1 (en) | 1995-11-28 | 2004-10-06 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for producing lubricating base oils |
TW477784B (en) | 1996-04-26 | 2002-03-01 | Shell Int Research | Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives |
DE19620262A1 (de) | 1996-05-20 | 1997-11-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyalkenaminen |
GB9618546D0 (en) | 1996-09-05 | 1996-10-16 | Bp Chemicals Additives | Dispersants/detergents for hydrocarbons fuels |
US6090989A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2000-07-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Isoparaffinic lube basestock compositions |
ES2221235T3 (es) | 1997-12-30 | 2004-12-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Catalizador de fischer-trosch a base de cobalto. |
US6162956A (en) | 1998-08-18 | 2000-12-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co | Stability Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel and a process for its production |
US6180842B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2001-01-30 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Stability fischer-tropsch diesel fuel and a process for its production |
AU765274B2 (en) | 1998-10-05 | 2003-09-11 | Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd. | Process for producing middle distillates and middle distillates produced by that process |
WO2000020534A1 (en) | 1998-10-05 | 2000-04-13 | Sasol Technology (Pty.) Ltd. | Biodegradable middle distillates and production thereof |
EP1101813B1 (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | ENI S.p.A. | Process for the preparation of middle distillates starting from linear paraffins |
US6204426B1 (en) | 1999-12-29 | 2001-03-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for producing a highly paraffinic diesel fuel having a high iso-paraffin to normal paraffin mole ratio |
AU2001255280B2 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2005-12-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Wide cut fischer-tropsch diesel fuels |
US6787022B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2004-09-07 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Winter diesel fuel production from a fischer-tropsch wax |
WO2001083648A2 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low emissions f-t fuel/cracked stock blends |
US6663767B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2003-12-16 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low sulfur, low emission blends of fischer-tropsch and conventional diesel fuels |
DE10102913A1 (de) | 2001-01-23 | 2002-07-25 | Basf Ag | Alkoxylierte Alkyphenole und deren Verwendung in Kraft- und Schmierstoffen |
NZ535013A (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2005-03-24 | Shell Int Research | Use of hydrocarbyl primary monoamines as gasoline additives |
EP1371715A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2003-12-17 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Fuel compositions |
JP4634103B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-10 | 2011-02-16 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 予混合圧縮自己着火方式・火花点火方式併用エンジン用燃料 |
JP4902278B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-03-21 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
JP5072005B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-11-14 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 無鉛ガソリン組成物の製造法 |
EP2203544B1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2016-03-09 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gasoline compositions for internal combustion engines |
US8372164B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2013-02-12 | Shell Oil Company | Gasoline composition and process for the preparation of alkylfurfuryl ether |
CN101932679A (zh) * | 2008-01-02 | 2010-12-29 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 液体燃料组合物 |
US8005587B2 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-08-23 | Ford Motor Company | Method and system for controlling a motive power system of an automotive vehicle |
JP5178253B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-13 | 2013-04-10 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料 |
EP2304001B1 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2019-08-07 | Shell International Research Maatschappij B.V. | Liquid fuel compositions |
US8697924B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-04-15 | Shell Oil Company | Liquid fuel compositions |
US10093303B2 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2018-10-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for determining a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle expected drive range |
US8518130B2 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2013-08-27 | Shell Oil Company | Relating to fuels |
EP2699649A2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-02-26 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Liquid fuel composition |
JP5683012B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2015-03-11 | コスモ石油株式会社 | ガソリン組成物及びガソリン組成物の製造方法 |
DE102011051439A1 (de) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Antriebssystem für ein Plug-in-Hybrid-Kraftfahrzeug |
-
2015
- 2015-11-10 US US15/525,650 patent/US10294436B2/en active Active
- 2015-11-10 JP JP2017525923A patent/JP6855375B2/ja active Active
- 2015-11-10 WO PCT/EP2015/076255 patent/WO2016075166A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-11-10 BR BR112017009642-0A patent/BR112017009642B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2015-11-10 EP EP15793803.6A patent/EP3218450B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-10 CN CN201580061483.9A patent/CN107109264B/zh active Active
- 2015-11-10 MY MYPI2017701380A patent/MY188310A/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-05-10 PH PH12017500868A patent/PH12017500868A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3218450B1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
MY188310A (en) | 2021-11-27 |
CN107109264B (zh) | 2019-10-18 |
US20170321136A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
EP3218450A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
JP2017538000A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
US10294436B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
BR112017009642B1 (pt) | 2021-08-03 |
PH12017500868A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 |
BR112017009642A2 (pt) | 2017-12-19 |
WO2016075166A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
CN107109264A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6855375B2 (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
CA2618146C (en) | Fuel composition exhibiting a reduced acceleration time | |
US10808195B2 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
US11959033B2 (en) | Fuel composition | |
EP1664247A1 (en) | Fuel compositions comprising fischer-tropsch derived fuel | |
US20230227742A1 (en) | Fuel composition | |
EP2891699B1 (en) | Unleaded fuel compositions | |
JP2006510778A (ja) | ディーゼル燃料組成物 | |
WO2017202735A1 (en) | Use of a wax anti-settling additive in automotive fuel compositions | |
EP3371280B1 (en) | Fuel composition | |
US11499106B2 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
JP2024515768A (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
WO2023052286A1 (en) | Fuel compositions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170516 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20181101 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20191024 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20191029 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200127 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20200210 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200610 |
|
C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20200610 |
|
C11 | Written invitation by the commissioner to file amendments |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C11 Effective date: 20200622 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200722 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20200722 |
|
C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20200727 |
|
A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20200807 |
|
C211 | Notice of termination of reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C211 Effective date: 20200812 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20200924 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20201224 |
|
C23 | Notice of termination of proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C23 Effective date: 20210121 |
|
C03 | Trial/appeal decision taken |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C03 Effective date: 20210218 |
|
C30A | Notification sent |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C3012 Effective date: 20210218 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20210317 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6855375 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |