JP6852108B2 - 電解液及び電気化学装置 - Google Patents
電解液及び電気化学装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6852108B2 JP6852108B2 JP2019062232A JP2019062232A JP6852108B2 JP 6852108 B2 JP6852108 B2 JP 6852108B2 JP 2019062232 A JP2019062232 A JP 2019062232A JP 2019062232 A JP2019062232 A JP 2019062232A JP 6852108 B2 JP6852108 B2 JP 6852108B2
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 135
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 106
- -1 alkenyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 88
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004642 (C1-C12) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,2-dimethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FQCPSQATHSZOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutan-2-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)OC(O)=O FQCPSQATHSZOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FCDMDSDHBVPGGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C FCDMDSDHBVPGGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OC FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QMKUYPGVVVLYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C QMKUYPGVVVLYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 77
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 77
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 15
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 10
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920005554 polynitrile Polymers 0.000 description 9
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910012225 LiPFO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910012424 LiSO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Natural products O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CS(=O)(=O)OCO1 GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQXNUCOGMMHHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)(=O)O1 OQXNUCOGMMHHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
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- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKYBVKMIZODYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazinane Chemical compound C1CNCNC1 DKYBVKMIZODYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006539 C12 alkyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical group CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-propiolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCO1 VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)iron Chemical compound S=[Fe]=S NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cu+2] GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005366 cycloalkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000522 cyclooctenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001887 cyclopentyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;oxalate Chemical group [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000339 iron disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNVXPFBEZCSHQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+2] GNVXPFBEZCSHQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005921 isopentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical group [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願の第1の態様の電解液において、添加剤Aは、式I−1、式I−2、式I−3で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である。式I−1、式I−2、式I−3において、R1、R2、R3、R4はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアルキル基、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアルコキシ基、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアミン基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12のアルケニル基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12のアルキニル基、置換又は無置換のC6〜C26のアリール基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12の複素環基から選択され、ここで、置換基(「置換又は無置換」における置換が発生された場合を示す)は、ハロゲン原子、ニトリル基、C1〜C6のアルキル基、C2〜C6のアルケニル基、C1〜C6のアルコキシ基のうちから選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、x、y、zはそれぞれ独立に、0〜8から選択される整数であり、m、n、kはそれぞれ独立に、0〜2から選択される整数である。R1、R2、R3、R4において、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基は、鎖状構造又は環状構造であってもよく、鎖状構造はまた直鎖構造と分岐構造とに分けられ、ハロゲン原子は、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であってもよく、ハロゲン原子がフッ素原子であることが好ましい。
本願の第1の態様の電解液において、添加剤Bは硫酸エステル化合物、亜硫酸エステル化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である。
本願の第1の態様の電解液において、前記電解液は更に添加剤Cを含み、添加剤Cはスルホン酸エステル化合物であり、前記スルホン酸エステル化合物はスルトン化合物、ジスルホン酸エステル化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である。
本願の実施例的電解液に用いられる有機溶媒としては、環状炭酸エステル及び鎖状炭酸エステルを含むことにより、高温高電圧下のサイクル性能及び貯蔵性能を更に向上させ、電解液の導電率を適切な範囲(25℃での導電率が6mS/cm〜10mS/cmである)に容易に調整でき、添加剤A及び添加剤Bがより良い成膜効果に達するのに有利である。
本願で用いる電解質塩として、下記のリチウム塩が好適に挙げられる。
25℃で、リチウムイオン二次電池を先ず1Cの定電流で4.35Vの電圧まで充電し、更に4.35Vの定電圧で0.05Cの電流まで充電した後、1Cの定電流で3.0Vの電圧まで放電し、これが一つの充放電サイクル過程であり、今回の放電容量は初回サイクルの放電容量である。リチウムイオン二次電池を上記方法で200サイクルの充電/放電テストを行って、200サイクル目の放電容量を検出した。
45℃で、リチウムイオン二次電池を先ず1Cの定電流で4.35Vの電圧まで充電し、更に4.35Vの定電圧で0.05Cの電流まで充電した後、1Cの定電流で3.0Vの電圧まで放電し、これが一つの充放電サイクル過程であり、今回の放電容量は初回サイクルの放電容量である。リチウムイオン二次電池を上記方法で200サイクルの充電/放電テストを行って、200サイクル目の放電容量を検出した。
25℃で、リチウムイオン二次電池を0.5Cの定電流で4.35Vの電圧まで充電した後、4.35Vの定電圧で0.05Cの電流まで充電し、この時測定されたリチウムイオン二次電池の厚さをh0とし、その後、リチウムイオン二次電池を85℃のインキュベーターに入れ、24h貯蔵後に取り出し、その時のリチウムイオン二次電池の厚さを測定してh1とする。
リチウムイオン二次電池を保温炉内に入れ、炉温を25℃に調整した後、リチウムイオン二次電池を0.5Cの定電流で4.35Vの電圧まで充電した後、4.35Vの定電圧で0.05Cの電流まで充電し、この過程はリチウムイオン二次電池を満充電にする。満充電のリチウムイオン二次電池を0.5Cの定電流で3.0Vの電圧まで放電させ、この過程はリチウムイオン二次電池を満放電させ、満放電過程での放電容量をC0とした。
Claims (18)
- 電解液であって、
添加剤A及び添加剤Bが含有され、
前記添加剤Aは、式I−1、式I−2、式I−3で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
式I−1、式I−2、式I−3において、R1、R2、R3、R4はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアルキル基、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアルコキシ基、置換又は無置換のC1〜C12のアミン基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12のアルケニル基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12のアルキニル基、置換又は無置換のC6〜C26のアリール基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C12の複素環基から選択され、ここで、置換基は、ハロゲン原子、ニトリル基、C1〜C6のアルキル基、C2〜C6のアルケニル基、C1〜C6のアルコキシ基から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、x、y、zはそれぞれ独立に、0〜8から選択される整数であり、m、n、kはそれぞれ独立に、0〜2から選択される整数であり、
前記添加剤Bは、硫酸エステル化合物、亜硫酸エステル化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
前記電解液中の前記添加剤Aの含有量が0.01〜10質量%であり、
前記電解液中の前記添加剤Bの含有量が0.1〜10質量%であり、
前記電解液の25℃での導電率が6mS/cm〜10mS/cmである、
ことを特徴とする、電解液。 - 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Aの含有量は、0.1〜6質量%であり、
前記電解液中の前記添加剤Bの含有量は、0.5〜6質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Aの含有量は、0.1〜3.5質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Bの含有量は、1〜3質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 硫酸エステル化合物は環状硫酸エステル化合物であり、環状硫酸エステル化合物は式II−1で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、式II−1において、R31は置換又は無置換のC1〜C6のアルキレン基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C6のアルケニレン基から選択され、ここで、置換基はハロゲン原子、C1〜C3のアルキル基、C2〜C4のアルケニル基から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
亜硫酸エステル化合物は環状亜硫酸エステル化合物であり、環状亜硫酸エステル化合物は式II−2で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、式II−2において、R32は置換又は無置換のC1〜C6のアルキレン基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C6のアルケニレン基から選択され、ここで、置換基はハロゲン原子、C1〜C3のアルキル基、C2〜C4のアルケニル基から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。
- 前記電解液は、添加剤Cを更に含み、添加剤Cはスルホン酸エステル化合物であり、前記スルホン酸エステル化合物はスルトン化合物、ジスルホン酸エステル化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - スルトン化合物は式III−1で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、式III−1において、R21は置換又は無置換のC1〜C6のアルキレン基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C6のアルケニレン基から選択され、ここで、置換基はハロゲン原子、C1〜C3のアルキル基、C2〜C4のアルケニル基から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
ジスルホン酸エステル化合物は式III−2で示される化合物から選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、式III−2において、R22、R23、R24、R25はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換又は無置換のC1〜C10のアルキル基、置換又は無置換のC2〜C10のアルケニル基から選択され、ここで、置換基はハロゲン原子、C1〜C3のアルキル基、C2〜C4のアルケニル基から選択される1種類又は2種類以上である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の電解液。
- 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Cの含有量は、0.1〜10質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項8又は9に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Cの含有量は、0.5〜6質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項8乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液中の前記添加剤Cの含有量は、1〜3質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項8乃至11のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液は、有機溶媒として、環状炭酸エステル、鎖状炭酸エステル及びカルボン酸エステルの混合物を含み、
環状炭酸エステルは、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、1,2−ブチレンカーボネート、2,3−ブタンジオールカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネートから選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
鎖状炭酸エステルは、エチルメチルカーボネート、メチルプロピルカーボネート、メチルイソプロピルカーボネート、メチルブチルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジプロピルカーボネート、ジブチルカーボネートから選択される1種類又は2種類以上であり、
カルボン酸エステルは、ピバリン酸メチル、ピバリン酸エチル、ピバリン酸プロピル、ピバリン酸ブチル、酪酸メチル、酪酸エチル、酪酸プロピル、酪酸ブチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸プロピル、プロピオン酸ブチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ブチルから選択される1種類又は2種類以上である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 有機溶媒の全質量を基準として、
環状炭酸エステルの含有量が、15〜55質量%であり、
鎖状炭酸エステルの含有量が、15〜74質量%であり、
カルボン酸エステルの含有量が、0.1〜70質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の電解液。 - 有機溶媒の全質量を基準として、
環状炭酸エステルの含有量が、25〜50質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項13又は14に記載の電解液。 - 有機溶媒の全質量を基準として、
鎖状炭酸エステルの含有量が、25〜70質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項13乃至15のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 有機溶媒の全質量を基準として、
カルボン酸エステルの含有量が、5〜50質量%である、
ことを特徴とする、請求項13乃至16のいずれか1項に記載の電解液。 - 正極シートと、負極シートと、前記正極シートと負極シートとの間に介在されたセパレータと、電解液と、を含む電気化学装置であって、前記電解液は、請求項1乃至17のいずれか1項に記載の電解液である、
ことを特徴とする、電気化学装置。
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