JP6842479B2 - Sn−38の徐放性コンジュゲート - Google Patents
Sn−38の徐放性コンジュゲート Download PDFInfo
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- JP6842479B2 JP6842479B2 JP2019010029A JP2019010029A JP6842479B2 JP 6842479 B2 JP6842479 B2 JP 6842479B2 JP 2019010029 A JP2019010029 A JP 2019010029A JP 2019010029 A JP2019010029 A JP 2019010029A JP 6842479 B2 JP6842479 B2 JP 6842479B2
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Classifications
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- A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
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- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G65/333—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C08G65/33396—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen having oxygen in addition to nitrogen
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Landscapes
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Description
本発明は、SN−38の低用量長期暴露レジメンを可能にし、さらに投与期間中に形成されるSN−38Gの量を低減させる遅い速度で、非酵素的β脱離反応機構を介して遊離SN−38を放出するように設計されたコンジュゲートを提供する。また、前記コンジュゲートを製造するための方法、及び細胞の過剰増殖により特徴づけられる疾患及び病状の治療における前記コンジュゲートを使用するための方法も提供する。
PEGは、直鎖状又は分枝状であってよく、qが2〜8である場合はマルチアーム型である、平均分子量が20,000〜60,000Daのポリエチレングリコールであり;
q=1〜8であり;
Xは、O、NH、(CH2)m、OC(=O)(CH2)m、又はNHC(=O)(CH2)mであり、ここでm=1〜6であり;
R1は、CN又はSO2NR2 2であり、ここで、各R2は、独立して、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルアルケニル、アルキルアリール、もしくはアルキルヘテロアリールであり、それぞれが任意に置換されていてもよく、又は一緒になって環を形成してもよく;
Y=COR3又はSO2R3であり、ここで、R3=OH、アルコキシ、もしくはNR4 2であり、ここで、各R4は、独立して、アルキル、置換アルキルであるか、又は一緒になって環を形成してもよく;かつ
Lは、(CH2)r又は(CH2CH2O)p(CH2)rであり、ここで、r=1〜10であり、かつ、p=1〜10である]。
PEGは、直鎖状又は分枝状であってよく、qが2〜8である場合はマルチアーム型である、平均分子量が20,000〜60,000Daのポリエチレングリコールであり;
q=1〜8であり;
Xは、O、NH、(CH2)m、OC(=O)(CH2)m、又はNHC(=O)(CH2)mであり、ここでm=1〜6であり;
R1は、CN又はSO2NR2 2であり、ここで、各R2は、独立して、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルアルケニル、アルキルアリール、もしくはアルキルヘテロアリールであり、それぞれが任意に置換されていてもよく、又は一緒になって環を形成してもよく;
Y=COR3又はSO2R3であり、ここで、R3=OH、アルコキシ、もしくはNR4 2であり、ここで、各R4は、独立して、アルキル、置換アルキルであるか、又は一緒になって環を形成してもよく;かつ
Lは、(CH2)r又は(CH2CH2O)p(CH2)rであり、ここで、r=1〜10であり、かつ、p=1〜10である]。
6−アジド−1−ヘキサノール
6−アジドヘキサナール
7−アジド−1−シアノ−2−ヘプタノール
N,N−ジエチル 4−ニトロベンズアミド
4−(N,N−ジエチルカルボキサミド)アニリン
1−シアノ−7−アジド−2−ヘプチル 4−(N,N−ジエチルカルボキサミド)フェニルカルバメート
N−(クロロメチル)カルバメート
アジドリンカー−SN−38
アミノリンカー−SN−38酢酸塩
化合物(III)(式中m=1及びn約225)とのSN−38コンジュゲート
40kDa 4−アームテトラ−(スクシンイミジル−カルボキシメチル)−PEG(JenKem Technology社;10.0g,1.0mmol HSE)、実施例1のアミノリンカー−SN−38酢酸塩(1.2mmol)、及びN,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.21mL,1.2mmol)のTHF 75mL中の混合物を周囲温度に保持した。カップリングの進行をHPLCでモニターし、90分までに反応の完了が示された。合計2時間後、この混合物を撹拌したMTBE 500mL中にろ過した。沈殿物を真空ろ過により回収し、MTBEで洗浄し、真空下で乾燥させて、コンジュゲートをワックス状の淡黄色固体(10.1g,95%)として得た。水1.0mL中の2.0mgサンプルの吸光光度分析は、0.17mMのSN−38を示した;重量により予測された0.175mM SN−38の計算値に基づくと、これは96%のコンジュゲートローディングを示す。C18−HPLC分析は、単一の主要ピーク(363nmで全ピーク面積の98%、256nmで97%)を、0.6mol%の遊離SN−38と共に示した。
インビトロ放出反応カイネティクス
0.1Mホウ酸ナトリウムpH9.4中の実施例2のコンジュゲートの溶液を、密閉したUVキュベット内に37℃で保持した。遊離SN−38フェノキシドの形成による414nmでの吸光度の増加を経時的にモニターした。単一指数関数Amax*(1−e−kt)(ここで、Amaxは完全な反応での吸光度である)へのデータのフィッティングにより、pH9.4におけるコンジュゲートからのSN−38の放出の速度定数kを求めた。図6に示されるように、pH9.4における遊離SN−38の形成は、k=0.00257min−1(t1/2=270分)で一次反応速度論に従った。これらのリンカーの放出速度はヒドロキシドでは一次であることが知られているので、他のpH値での放出速度は、k(pH)=k9.4*10(pH−9.4)として計算することができる。よって、pH7.4におけるSN−38の放出速度は、pH7.4、37℃で2.57×10−5min−1、又はt1/2=450時間であると算出される。
インビボ薬物動態
pH5.0の10mM酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液中の実施例2のコンジュゲートの45mg/mL溶液を滅菌ろ過し、カニューレを挿入した雌Sprague−Dawleyラット(n=3)に200mg/kgで注入し、血液サンプル(0.3mL)を定期的に採取し、直ちにpH4.5の1Mクエン酸塩/0.1%Pluronic(登録商標)F68溶液30μLに添加してサンプルのpHを低下させ、凝固させて、残存する完全な(intact)コンジュゲートを安定化させた。このサンプルを2〜8℃、約1,500×g(遠心力)で10分間遠心分離し、赤血球を除去して約150μLの血漿を得た。その血漿を2つのアリコートに分割し、極低温バイアルに移して、分析前に−80℃の冷凍庫内で保存した。
薬物動態モデリング
コンジュゲートの血漿濃度対時間データは、2相モデルC(t)=A*exp(−αt)+B*exp(−βt)(ここでA+B=用量/Vd)を用いて分析した。非線形回帰分析(ネルダー・ミードの滑降シンプレックス(Nelder−Mead downhill simplex))を用いてデータをフィッティングさせ、その後、コンパートメント間の移動速度(k12及びk21)と中心コンパートメントからのコンジュゲートの消失速度(kel)の推定値を得るために、確立された手法に従ってパラメータをデコンボリューションした。実施例2のコンジュゲート及び対応する安定なコンジュゲート(CH2CNがHで置換されたもの)のデータ分析から、表1のデータが得られた。
Δ[Cc]=(−k1[Cc]−k12[Cc]−kel[Cc]+k21[Cp])Δt
Δ[Cp]=(k12[Cc]−k21[Cp])Δt
Δ[Dc]=(k1[Cc]−kcl[Dc])/(1+Kdist)Δt
Kdist=Vd/Vc
持続注入用のSN−38の製剤
SN−38の治療的投与は、この薬物の低い水溶性(水に7mg/L、18μM)により制限されてきた。この制限を克服するための製剤が開発された。さまざまな製剤中のSN−38の溶解性を調べるために、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中のSN−38の115mM溶液を希釈して、各種製剤中の15、10、5、及び2mMの目標濃度を得た(表2)。周囲温度で16時間放置した後、沈殿したSN−38を14,000rpmで30分間遠心分離して除去した。上清をpH10.0、100mMホウ酸塩中に1:200で希釈し、SN−38の濃度を、ε414=22,500M−1cm−1を用いて414nmにおける分光光度法により測定した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (11)
- 式(I)で表されるコンジュゲート:
PEGは、直鎖状又は分枝状であってよく、qが2〜8である場合はマルチアーム型である、ポリエチレングリコールであり;
Xは、O、NH、OC(=O)(CH2)m、又はNHC(=O)(CH2)mであり、ここでm=1〜6であり;
Lは、(CH2)r又は(CH2CH2O)p(CH2)rであり、ここで、r=1〜10であり、かつ、p=1〜10であり;
R1は、CN又はSO2NR2 2であり、ここで、各R2は、独立して、アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルアルケニル、アルキルアリール、もしくはアルキルヘテロアリールであり、それぞれが任意に置換されていてもよく、又は2個のR2が一緒になって環を形成してもよく;
Yは、COR3又はSO2R3であり、ここで、R3は、OH、アルコキシ、もしくはNR4 2であり、ここで、各R4は、独立して、アルキル、置換アルキルであるか、又は2個のR4が一緒になって環を形成してもよく;かつ
q=1〜8である]。 - XがOC(=O)(CH2)m又はNHC(=O)(CH2)mである、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- PEGが、平均分子量30,000〜50,000Daのポリエチレングリコールである、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- qが4である、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- R1がCNである、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- PEGが、平均分子量30,000〜50,000Daのマルチアーム型ポリエチレングリコールであり;Lが(CH2)rであり;R1がCNであり;YがCONEt2であり;かつ、qが4である、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- mが1である、請求項1に記載のコンジュゲート。
- 請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のコンジュゲートを薬学的に許容される賦形剤と共に含む薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤のpHが4.0〜6.0である、請求項8に記載の製剤。
- 請求項1に記載のコンジュゲートを製造するための方法であって、以下のステップ:
(a) 式(VII)のアジドリンカー−SN−38を還元してアミノリンカー−SN−38を生成させること;
(c) 必要に応じて、該コンジュゲートを単離すること;
を含んでなる方法。 - 請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のコンジュゲートを含有するSN−38の持続放出用製剤。
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