JP6816109B2 - 放射性水素ガスの内部レベルを低減する構成としたイオン交換システム - Google Patents
放射性水素ガスの内部レベルを低減する構成としたイオン交換システム Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 157
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 title claims description 105
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003608 radiolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FPVSTPLZJLYNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2-phenylethynyl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=C(C#CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 FPVSTPLZJLYNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 46
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N cesium-137 Chemical compound [137Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
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- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28052—Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/09—Inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
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- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
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- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/08—Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J43/00—Amphoteric ion-exchange, i.e. using ion-exchangers having cationic and anionic groups; Use of material as amphoteric ion-exchangers; Treatment of material for improving their amphoteric ion-exchange properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J47/016—Modification or after-treatment of ion-exchangers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
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- G21C19/28—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core
- G21C19/30—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Description
本願は、2015年8月13日付の米国特許仮出願第62/204,791号(発明の名称「放射性核種を液体から除去するために使用されるイオン交換カラムにおけるガス空間の水素濃度を制御するためのシステム及び方法」)に基づき、2015年11月10日付の米国特許出願第14/937,570号(発明の名称「放射性水素ガスの内部レベルを低減する構成としたイオン交換カラム」)の優先権を主張するものであり、その開示内容の全体が参照により本願明細書に組み込まれるものとする。疑義が生じた場合、本願明細書に記載されている対象の範囲は、参照により組み込まれた他の任意の対象の範囲に優先するものであり、参照により組み込まれた対象によって制約又は限定されることはない。
この廃液は、固化、放射性核種除去、及び/又は、他の方法で処理し、安全に処分可能としなければならない。
以下において、本発明に係る例示的な実施形態について説明する。以下の実施形態は、本発明における様々な特徴、特性及び利点のうち、その1つ以上を含む幾つかの実施形態の例示に過ぎない。従って、以下の実施形態は、実現可能な実施形態の全てを包括するものではない。
Claims (17)
- イオン交換システムであって、
・ハウジング及びその内部に配置されたイオン交換体を含むイオン交換カラムと、
・前記ハウジングの内部に配置されたエンクロージャと、
・前記ハウジング内から水素ガスを除去可能であると共に、前記エンクロージャ内に配置された水素捕捉剤とを備え、
前記エンクロージャが、前記水素捕捉剤が前記イオン交換体と流体連通しない閉鎖位置と、前記水素捕捉剤が前記イオン交換体と流体連通する開放位置との間で移動可能なシール装置を含むイオン交換システム。 - 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素捕捉剤が、前記ハウジング内から水素ガスを不可逆的に除去するイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素捕捉剤が、固体であるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素捕捉剤が、前記ハウジング内の水素ガスを吸収及び/又は吸着するイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素捕捉剤が、前記ハウジング内の水素ガスと化学的及び/又は物理的に結合するイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素捕捉剤が、1,4-ビス(フェニルエチニル)ベンゼンを含むイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記イオン交換体が、1種以上の放射性核種で充填されるイオン交換システム。
- イオン交換システムであって、
ハウジング及びその内部に配置されたイオン交換体を含むイオン交換カラムと、
前記ハウジングの内部に配置されたエンクロージャと、
前記エンクロージャ内に配置され、かつ水素及び酸素の反応を触媒させることにより、前記ハウジング内の水素ガス量を低減可能である水素触媒剤と、を備え、
前記エンクロージャが、前記水素触媒剤が前記イオン交換体と流体連通しない閉鎖位置と、前記水素触媒剤が前記イオン交換体と流体連通する開放位置との間で移動可能なシール装置を含むイオン交換システム。 - 請求項8に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記水素触媒剤が、PdOを含むイオン交換システム。
- 請求項8に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記イオン交換体が、1種以上の放射性核種で充填されるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項1または請求項8に記載のイオン交換システムであって、
前記ハウジング内に配置され、かつベータ線及びガンマ線による放射線分解に関する水素のG値が0.45以下である酸化物材料を備えるイオン交換システム。 - 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記酸化物材料が、前記イオン交換体と混合されるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、ベータ線及びガンマ線による放射線分解で、前記酸化物が、水素に関して有するG値が約0.4以下であるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、アルファ線による放射線分解で、前記酸化物が、水素に関して有するG値が1.6以下であるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、アルファ線による放射線分解で、前記酸化物が、水素に関して有するG値が約1.5以下であるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記酸化物材料が、水素と反応する酸素を供給することにより、前記ハウジング内の水素ガス量を低減可能であるイオン交換システム。
- 請求項11に記載のイオン交換システムであって、前記酸化物材料が、MnO2、CrO3、CuO、及び/又は、ZnOを含むイオン交換システム。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201562204791P | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | |
US62/204,791 | 2015-08-13 | ||
US14/937,570 US10096392B2 (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-10 | Ion exchange column configured to reduce internal levels of radiolytic hydrogen gas |
US14/937,570 | 2015-11-10 | ||
PCT/US2016/037269 WO2017027099A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2016-06-13 | Ion exchange column configured to reduce internal levels of radiolytic hydrogen gas |
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BE755337A (fr) | 1969-08-27 | 1971-02-26 | Union Carbide Corp | Matiere absorbant l'hydrogene pour les cellules electrochimiques |
DE2633113C2 (de) * | 1976-07-23 | 1984-08-30 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Gefahren, die bei Störfällen an wassergekühlten Kernreaktoren entstehen |
US5169566A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-12-08 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Engineered cementitious contaminant barriers and their method of manufacture |
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JP2018530742A (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
EP3334530B1 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
RU2018108583A (ru) | 2019-09-13 |
CN108290152B (zh) | 2021-11-23 |
US10096392B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
US20170047136A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
CN108290152A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
CA2994938A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
AU2016307210A8 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
AU2016307210A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
EP3334530A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
CA2994938C (en) | 2023-08-22 |
WO2017027099A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
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