JP6814445B2 - Photovoltaic panels, pavement structures and wall structures - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to photovoltaic panels, pavement structures and wall surface structures.

In recent years, unlike thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, power generation using renewable energy has become more important. Among renewable energies, photovoltaic power generation is promising because it can mass-produce solar panels and can generate electricity anywhere on the ground where sunlight can be irradiated. In addition, the introduction policies of governments around the world have been implemented, and large-scale solar power generation facilities have been operated, increasing the total amount of power generation, and the results have been able to withstand long-term operation.

A photovoltaic power generation facility for the purpose of selling electric power needs to install a large number of solar panels in a large area, so it is necessary to secure a vast site such as a forest or a vacant lot. On the other hand, even small-scale power generation facilities are often installed on the roofs of houses and buildings because it is necessary to secure a certain amount of sunshine area. However, depending on the orientation and shape of the building, it may be difficult to install solar panels on the roof or the required amount of power generation may not be obtained.

Therefore, it has been proposed to place solar panels on the road surface in order to secure the installation area. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a road laying tile having a cavity inside and holding a solar cell inside with an elastic body. Further, Patent Document 2 describes that a solar cell having flexibility is attached to the surface of a flexible substrate to form a solar cell module, and the solar cell module is attached to a road surface with an adhesive. There is.

JP-A-2002-118279 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-038228

However, in the prior art of Patent Document 1, since a cavity is provided inside the tile for road laying, there are problems that there is a limit in improving the load-bearing performance and it is difficult to increase the area. Further, when a plurality of road laying tiles are laid to secure an area for solar power generation, steps are likely to occur between the road laying tiles, and it is difficult to secure good running performance.

Similarly, in the prior art of Patent Document 2, since the solar cell module is attached on the road surface, impact and noise are generated due to the step when the traveling vehicle passes through the area where the solar cell module is laid, and good running performance is ensured. It was difficult to do. Further, there is a problem that the adhesive is exposed at the peripheral edge of the solar cell module, and there is a high possibility that problems of deterioration and peeling occur.

In addition, the technologies described in Cited Documents 1 and 2 do not consider slip performance when vehicles and pedestrians pass on the road, and provide good power generation performance and running performance even in an actual use environment. It was difficult to secure.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a photovoltaic power generation panel, a pavement structure, and a wall surface structure capable of ensuring good power generation performance and running performance even in an actual use environment. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention comprises a photovoltaic power generation module that converts the irradiated light into electric power and a polycarbonate that transmits the light and has the photovoltaic power generation module attached to one surface. A substantially plate-shaped translucent support member and a surface protective layer formed on the other surface of the translucent support member and transmitting the light are provided, and the surface protective layer contains at least fine particles that scatter the light. protrude from the surface, said photovoltaic module includes a power generation cell made of amorphous silicon thin film, and a sealing member for sealing the front and back surfaces and side surfaces of the power generation cell has translucency, the fine particles, the volume percent Al ₂ O ₃ is contained in the range of 70 to 80%, and SiO ₂ is contained in the range of 20 to 30% .

In such a photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation module is attached to the translucent support member to increase the area, and the fine particles of the surface coating layer scatter the light and cause it to enter the photovoltaic power generation module. , Even light with a small incident angle can generate electricity well. This makes it possible to ensure good power generation performance and running performance even in an actual usage environment.

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, in the photovoltaic module, the sealing material is made of a silicone resin and has flexibility .

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the fine particles contain about 70 to 80% of Al ₂ O ₃ and about 20 to 30% of SiO ₂ in a volume percentage .

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the fine particles have a particle size in the range of 0.2 to 4.0 mm.

Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the surface protective layer has a slip resistance value of 60 or more according to the BPN method .

Further, the pavement structure of the present invention is characterized by including any one of the above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation panels and a hard pavement body on which the photovoltaic power generation panels are placed.

Further, the wall surface structure of the present invention is characterized by including any one of the above solar power generation panels and a wall surface to which the solar power generation panel is attached.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a photovoltaic power generation panel, a pavement structure, and a wall surface structure capable of ensuring good power generation performance and running performance even in an actual use environment.

1A is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment, FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a photovoltaic power generation panel 10, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a photovoltaic power generation module 13. FIG. 1 (c) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the surface protective layer 16. It is a process drawing which shows typically the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. It is a schematic diagram which shows the load capacity test of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 in a water immersion state. It is a figure which shows typically the power generation amount measurement test of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the incident angle of light with respect to a photovoltaic power generation panel 10 and the power generation voltage. It is a process drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the pavement structure 100 in 2nd Embodiment. 3A is a diagram for explaining a third embodiment, FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing a structural example of the wall surface structure 200, and FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the photovoltaic power generation panel 210. Is.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same or equivalent components, members, and processes shown in the drawings shall be designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted as appropriate. FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 in the present embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the photovoltaic power generation module 13. FIG. (C) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the surface protective layer 16.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 has an adhesive layer 12, a photovoltaic module 13, an adhesive layer 14, and a translucent support member 15 on a hard pavement 11. It has a structure in which the surface protective layer 16 is laminated. In the following description, translucency does not mean that light in the entire wavelength range is transmitted, but means that the wavelength of light required for power generation is satisfactorily transmitted. For example, although a part of visible light is blocked and visually recognized as being colored, it may be such that infrared light or red light is satisfactorily transmitted.

The hard pavement body 11 is a pavement body made of a material used for the road surface of a road, and is a member for holding the photovoltaic module 13 on a substantially flat surface. The material constituting the hard pavement 11 may be any material having hardness and durability that allows pedestrians and vehicles to pass through, and examples thereof include asphalt pavement and concrete pavement. Further, it is preferable to apply a heat-shielding resin or fill a heat-shielding mortar on the upper surface of the pavement to obtain a heat-shielding pavement. By using the hard pavement 11 as a heat-shielding pavement, the amount of heat stored in the hard pavement 11 can be reduced and the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module 13 can be suppressed, and the power generation efficiency can be maintained and the life can be extended. The thickness of the hard pavement 11 needs to be able to withstand the passage of pedestrians and vehicles. It preferably has a thickness of 50 mm or more.

The adhesive layer 12 is a layer of adhesive applied on the surface of the hard pavement 11, and is a member for fixing the photovoltaic module 13 on the hard pavement 11. As the material constituting the adhesive layer 12, it is preferable to use a resin material having electrical insulating properties and easy to construct, and for example, an epoxy resin can be used. The thickness of the adhesive layer 12 needs to be such that the hard pavement 11 and the photovoltaic module 13 are firmly adhered to ensure mechanical strength, and the thickness is preferably about 1 to 20 mm.

The photovoltaic module 13 has a light incident surface and a back surface, and is a member that converts light incident on the light incident surface side into electrical energy, and the back surface side is fixed to the hard pavement 11 by an adhesive layer 12. Further, the photovoltaic power generation module 13 is provided with an electric wiring for taking out the current generated by the power generation to the outside (not shown), and the electric wiring is extended to the outside of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. As shown in FIG. 1B, the photovoltaic module 13 has a structure in which both sides of the power generation cell 13a are covered with sealing materials 13b and 13c.

The power generation cell 13a is a member composed of a semiconductor material that converts light into electricity and a wiring layer, and has a structure in which semiconductor materials formed in a plurality of regions are connected in series and / or in parallel by a wiring layer. .. The specific material of the power generation cell 13a is not limited, and single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, perovskite crystal, compound semiconductor, organic semiconductor and the like can be used. Further, as the structure of the power generation cell 13a, a structure such as a multijunction type (tandem type) or a quantum dot type may be used.

The sealing materials 13b and 13c are members that have translucency and electrical insulation, and seal the front and back surfaces and side surfaces of the power generation cell 13a to prevent moisture and air from entering the power generation cell 13a. As the material constituting the sealing materials 13b and 13c, for example, a silicone resin or an epoxy resin can be used.

The adhesive layer 14 is a layer of adhesive applied on the light incident surface of the photovoltaic module 13, and is a member for adhering the photovoltaic module 13 and the translucent support member 15. The material constituting the adhesive layer 14 is not particularly limited as long as it transmits light and has electrical insulating properties, and for example, an epoxy resin can be used. The thickness of the adhesive layer 14 needs to be such that the photovoltaic module 13 and the translucent support member 15 are firmly adhered to ensure mechanical strength, and it is preferable that the adhesive layer 14 has a thickness of about several nm to 5 mm.

The translucent support member 15 is a substantially flat plate-shaped member having translucency, and the back surface side is fixed to the light incident surface of the photovoltaic module 13 by the adhesive layer 14 to support the photovoltaic module 13 and provide rigidity. Secure. The material constituting the translucent support member 15 is not limited, and known resins and glasses can be used, and examples thereof include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and polycarbonate resin.

The surface protective layer 16 is a layer having translucency formed on the surface side of the translucent support member 15, and is a layer forming a light incident surface on the outermost surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. As shown in FIG. 1C, the surface protective layer 16 has a structure in which fine particles 16b are mixed in the base material resin 16a, and at least a part of the fine particles 16b is exposed on the surface of the base material resin 16a. There is.

As the material constituting the base material resin 16a, those having good translucency, durability, weather resistance, and oil resistance are preferable, and for example, an epoxy resin can be used. The fine particles 16b are composed of a material that scatters light and a particle size, and known glass, ceramic, or the like can be used. In order to generate the friction required for the road surface and to scatter light satisfactorily, it is preferable to contain Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ as the fine particles 16b, and the average particle size should be 0.2 to 4.0 mm. Is preferable. The content ratio of Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ in the fine particles 16b is preferably about 70 to 80% of Al ₂ O ₃ and about 20 to 30% of SiO ₂ in terms of volume percentage.

FIG. 1A shows an example in which the photovoltaic module 13 and the adhesive layers 12 and 14 are formed in the same area, but the area of the photovoltaic module 13 is made smaller than that of the hard pavement 11 to generate photovoltaic power. The peripheral edge including the side surface of the module 13 may be covered with the adhesive layers 12 and 14. By covering the side surface portion of the photovoltaic power generation module 13 with the adhesive layers 12 and 14, the adhesion of the entire photovoltaic power generation panel 10 can be further strengthened, and the photovoltaic power generation module 13 is sealed to prevent the intrusion of moisture. You can also do it.

When the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 is used as a pavement structure constituting a road surface, the hard pavement body 11 is deformed by heat, a large load when a large vehicle passes, and a friction load when a traveling vehicle brake is used. Mechanical stress such as impact due to is applied to the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. In order to withstand these mechanical stresses, the photovoltaic module 13 preferably has flexibility and flexibility. Further, it is preferable that power can be generated even with a weak amount of light in cloudy weather. In order to satisfy these requirements, it is preferable to use an amorphous silicon thin film for the power generation cell 13a of the photovoltaic module 13, and it is preferable to use a silicone resin as the sealing materials 13b and 13c.

Further, in order to satisfactorily protect and support the photovoltaic module 13, it is preferable to use a polycarbonate resin having excellent durability and impact resistance as the translucent supporting member 15. The thickness of the translucent support member 15 is preferably about 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably about 1 to 8 mm, in order to secure mechanical strength.

FIG. 2 is a process diagram schematically showing a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. First, the photovoltaic power generation module 13 is prepared as shown in FIG. 2 (a). Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the adhesive layer 14 is applied to the light incident surface side of the photovoltaic module 13 and attached to the back surface of the translucent support member 15. Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, a surface protective layer 16 is formed on the surface of the translucent support member 15. As a method for forming the surface protective layer 16, the fine particles 16b may be kneaded in advance with the base material resin 16a and applied onto the translucent support member 15 to be cured, or the base material resin 16a may be coated on the translucent support member 15. Fine particles 16b may be applied onto the surface and cured before curing. Finally, as shown in FIG. 2D, the adhesive layer 12 is applied onto the hard pavement 11, and the back surface side of the photovoltaic module 13 is attached to the hard pavement 11.

In the present embodiment, the hard pavement 11 is included in the photovoltaic power generation panel 10, but only the one in the stage before being attached to the hard pavement 11 may be used as the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. In that case, the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module 13, the adhesive layer 14, the translucent support member 15, and the surface protective layer 16 shown in FIG. 2C functions as the photovoltaic panel 10.

In the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 of the present embodiment, the light incident on the surface protective layer 16 is transmitted through the base material resin 16a, the translucent support member 15, and the adhesive layer 14 while being partially scattered by the fine particles 16b. It is incident on the power generation module 13. The photovoltaic module 13 converts the incident light into electrical energy and supplies electric power to the outside via electrical wiring. External circuits such as a known secondary battery and a voltage conversion circuit are provided outside the photovoltaic power generation panel 10, and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 by the external circuit connected to the electrical wiring is used. Will be done.

<Example>
As the photovoltaic module 13, a flexible one in which the power generation cell 13a is an amorphous silicon thin film and the sealing materials 13b and 13c are silicone resins is prepared, and a 300 × 300 × 5 mm polycarbonate resin plate is prepared as the translucent support member 15. Then, an asphalt pavement of 300 × 300 × 40 mm was prepared as the hard pavement 11.

Next, an epoxy resin was applied as the adhesive layer 14 to the light incident surface of the photovoltaic module 13 by about 1 mm, and the photovoltaic module 13 was attached to the back surface of the translucent support member 15. Next, about 1 mm of acrylic resin as the base material resin 16a is applied to the surface of the translucent support member 15, and the content ratio of Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ as the fine particles 16 b is 8: 2 and the average particle size is 1 mm. The aggregate was sprayed on the base resin 16a and cured to form the surface protective layer 16. Finally, an epoxy resin having a thickness of about 2 mm was formed on the surface of the hard pavement 11 as an adhesive layer 12, and the back surface of the photovoltaic module 13 was attached and cured to obtain a sample of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10.

<Adhesive strength test>
When a wheel tracking test (WT test) was performed using the obtained photovoltaic power generation panel 10 of the sample, no damage or peeling of the adhesive layers 12 and 14 and the surface protective layer 16 was observed. In the WT test, the load amount of the test wheel was set to be equivalent to the load of 5 ton wheels, and the traverse was set so that the test wheel passed through almost the entire surface of the 300 mm square sample.

<Slip resistance test>
When the slip resistance value of the surface protective layer 16 was measured by the BPN method (according to ASTM E303) using a pendulum type slip resistor with rubber, the BPN was 60 or more.

<Durability test>
When a halogen 120W beam lamp was irradiated from a distance of 1m for 6 hours to reproduce the temperature rise of the road surface to see if it could withstand the weather conditions such as the temperature rise in summer and rainy weather, the specimen continued to generate electricity and deteriorated. I couldn't see it.

In addition, when the WT test was conducted in a dry state and a completely submerged state, it was confirmed that the free sample continued to generate power. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a load bearing test of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 in a water-immersed state. The photovoltaic power generation panel 10 as a test object is placed in the container 20, water is stored in the container 20 so that the entire photovoltaic power generation panel 10 is immersed in the water 30, and the test wheel 40 is set on the X-axis in the drawing. Move in the direction (left-right direction) and the Y-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface). The surface protective layer 16 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 is continuously irradiated with light, and the voltage of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 is measured via an electric wiring (not shown).

Here, in the WT test, the load amount of the test wheel was set to be equivalent to the load of a 5-ton wheel, and the traverse was set so that the test wheel passed through almost the entire surface of the 300 mm square sample. The temperature was 20 ° C. and 60 ° C., the loading time was 6 hours, and the test wheel was reciprocated about 7,500 times.

<Dynamic stability test>
The WT test is conducted in a dry state at a temperature of 60 ° C., the amount of road surface deformation and subsidence (displacement amount) 45 minutes and 60 minutes after the start of the test is measured, and the passing wheel of the test wheel required to displace 1 mm from the displacement amount. When the number was evaluated, it cleared 3000 times / mm or more required for heavy traffic roads. The WT test was carried out with the load of the test wheel (5 ton wheel load equivalent to that of a large vehicle) and the setting of one track reciprocation without traverse.

<Angle dependence test>
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a power generation amount measurement test of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10. The photovoltaic power generation panel 10 was placed on a pedestal whose angle could be changed, and a 1000 W xenon light was placed at a distance of 1 m from the center of the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 to irradiate the surface protective layer 16 with light. A solar simulator (Sun 1040i) manufactured by Nisshinbo was used for the measurement, and three (As1, As2, As3) having the same structure as the above-mentioned specimen and three (As1, As2, As3) having only the photovoltaic module 13 as a comparative example ( Measurements were performed at Nm1, Nm2, Nm3). The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle of light on the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 and the generated voltage. As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 5, the free samples As1, As2, and As3 also obtained the same average voltage as that of Comparative Examples Nm1, Nm2, and Nm3. Therefore, even the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 in which the adhesive layer 14, the translucent support member 15, and the surface protection layer 16 are formed on the photovoltaic power generation module 13 can achieve the same good power generation efficiency as the photovoltaic power generation module 13. It turns out that it can be obtained.

Further, in the region where the incident angle is 45 degrees or less, the sample As1, As2, As3 obtains a larger average voltage than the comparative examples Nm1, Nm2, Nm3. This is because the fine particles 16b are exposed on the surface of the surface protective layer 16 in the specimens As1, As2, and As3, so that the light arriving at a small incident angle is scattered and the light can be efficiently taken into the photovoltaic module 13. It shows that it is done.

As described above, in the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 of the present embodiment, since the fine particles 16b that scatter the light are exposed on the surface of the surface protective layer 16, the light from the outside is satisfactorily scattered by the 16b and the incident angle. Even light with a small particle size can be efficiently converted into electric power by the photovoltaic power generation module 13. Further, the friction coefficient of the surface protective layer 16 is increased by the fine particles 16b exposed on the surface of the surface protective layer 16, and even when the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 is used for the road surface, the traveling vehicle or the pedestrian is prevented from slipping. can do.

Further, since the photovoltaic module 13 is arranged below the surface protective layer 16 and the translucent support member 15 via the adhesive layer 14, external stress is applied to the photovoltaic module 13 to prevent damage. Can be suppressed. Further, by giving the photovoltaic power generation module 13 itself flexibility and flexibility, it is possible to further suppress damage to the photovoltaic power generation module 13 due to external stress.

Further, since the photovoltaic power generation panel 10 of the present embodiment has good adhesive strength, weather resistance, slip resistance, load bearing capacity, dynamic stability, and angle dependence of the amount of light emitted, even in an actual use environment. Good power generation performance and running performance can be ensured.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The description of the contents overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted. FIG. 6 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing the pavement structure 100 in the present embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 6A, an existing pavement body 110 on which the pavement structure 100 is to be constructed is prepared. The existing paved body 110 may be a paved road already in service, or may be a newly constructed paved road. A lane marking 111 or the like may be formed on the surface of the existing pavement 110. The distance W1 between the centers of the lane markings 111 is the lane width, for example, about 3000 mm.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the surface of the existing pavement 110 is cut by the depth t1 over the width W3 leaving only the margin W2 from the lane marking 111 to form the cutting groove 112 (paving cutting step). The margin W2 is, for example, about 50 mm, and the width W3 is, for example, about 2750 m. The depth t1 of the cutting groove 112 is, for example, about 37 mm.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, asphalt 113 having a flat surface is constructed as a hard pavement inside the cutting groove 112, and wiring grooves 114 are formed on both sides of the hard pavement 113 (hard pavement forming step). ). A step 115 is formed between the surface of the asphalt 113 and the surface of the existing pavement 110. The thickness t2 of the asphalt 113 is, for example, about 30 mm, and the height t3 of the step 115 is, for example, about 7 mm. The width W4 of the wiring groove 114 is, for example, about 100 mm, and the width of the asphalt 113 is, for example, about 2650 mm.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6D, an adhesive layer 116 such as an epoxy resin for roads is applied onto the asphalt 113, and the back surface side of the photovoltaic power generation panel 117 is attached (power generation panel arrangement step). As the structure of the photovoltaic power generation panel 117, a laminated structure of the photovoltaic power generation module 13, the adhesive layer 14, the translucent support member 15, and the surface protection layer 16 shown in FIG. 2C can be used. At the same time, the electric wiring 118 extended from the photovoltaic power generation module 13 is routed in the wiring groove 114 and electrically connected to another photovoltaic power generation panel 117, an external circuit, a secondary battery, etc. arranged adjacent to each other. Here, two photovoltaic power generation panels 117 are arranged in parallel, and a joint has a width W6 between the two panels. The width 6 of the joint is, for example, about 10 mm.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 6E, the joints and the wiring grooves 114 are filled with epoxy resin mortar or the like to form the filling portions 119 and 120, and the existing pavement 110 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 117 are packed. The surfaces of parts 119 and 120 are made to be substantially flush with each other (paving step). As a result, the pavement structure 100 of the present embodiment is obtained.

Roads often do not have structures that block light above, and the sunlight is relatively good. Therefore, by embedding the photovoltaic power generation panel 117 in the pavement structure 100 and using the existing road surface for photovoltaic power generation, it is possible to easily secure a site for power generation. In addition, even in remote areas, remote islands, mountainous areas, etc. where power transmission facilities are not equipped, new land development becomes unnecessary by using the existing road surface, and the environmental load can be further reduced.

Further, in the pavement structure 100 of the present embodiment, a photovoltaic power generation panel 117 having a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module 13, an adhesive layer 14, a translucent support member 15, and a surface protection layer 16 is adhered on a hard pavement. It is fixed by layer 116. As a result, as described in the first embodiment, the road surface of the pavement structure 100 has good adhesive strength, weather resistance, slip resistance, load bearing capacity, dynamic stability, and angle dependence of the amount of light emitted. , Good power generation performance and running performance can be ensured even in the actual usage environment.

Since the pavement structure 100 is formed substantially horizontally on the horizon, it is extremely rare for sunlight to enter the pavement structure almost perpendicularly to the road surface, and the pavement structure 100 is limited to the vicinity of noon in midsummer in a low latitude area. Assuming that the time from sunshine to sunset is the time when sunlight is radiated and power can be generated, in many areas of the earth, most of the power generation time is less than 45 degrees with respect to the road surface throughout the four seasons. It can be said that it is the time when light is irradiated at the angle of incidence. Further, the light incident on the pavement structure 100 is not only the light directly incident from the sun, but also the environmentally reflected light reflected by buildings and plants existing near the road, guardrails, noise barriers, side surfaces of traveling vehicles, and the like. Is included. Such environmentally reflected light is reflected at a low position and is incident on the pavement structure 100 at a small incident angle.

In the pavement structure 100 of the present embodiment, as described in the first embodiment, the outermost surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 117 is the surface protective layer 16, and the fine particles 16b are exposed on the surface to scatter light. To. As a result, as shown in Table 1 and FIG. 5, a decrease in the amount of power generation is suppressed even at a small incident angle of 45 degrees or less, good power generation efficiency can be maintained, and the road surface is used. It is suitable for solar power generation.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The description of the contents overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted. FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing a structural example of the wall surface structure 200 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1A, the wall surface structure 200 of the present embodiment has a photovoltaic power generation panel 210, a support column 220, and a wall surface 230. FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the photovoltaic power generation panel 210. The photovoltaic power generation panel 210 of the present embodiment has a laminated structure of a photovoltaic power generation module 213, an adhesive layer 214, a translucent support member 215, and a surface protection layer 216.

The support column 220 is a columnar member that is erected substantially vertically with respect to the ground, and is a member that supports the wall surface 230. The wall surface 230 is a substantially plate-shaped member attached to the support column 220, and the photovoltaic power generation panel 210 is fixed by a fixing member (not shown). The material and structure of the fixing member are not particularly limited, and the wall surface 230 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 210 may be fixed by interposing an adhesive layer, and a mechanical fastening structure such as a bolt and a nut may be used. May be good. The specific structure of the support column 220 and the wall surface 230 is not limited, and for example, a soundproof wall or guardrail installed near the road, a wall surface of a building, or the like can be used.

Even in the wall surface structure 200 of the present embodiment, as described in the first embodiment, the outermost surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 210 is the surface protective layer 216, and the fine particles 16b are exposed on the surface to scatter light. To. As a result, as shown in Table 1 and FIG. 5, a decrease in the amount of power generation can be suppressed even at a small incident angle of 45 degrees or less, good power generation efficiency can be maintained, and sunlight using the wall surface can be maintained. It is suitable for power generation.

Further, since the photovoltaic module 213 is arranged below the surface protection layer 216 and the translucent support member 215 via the adhesive layer 214, even if an external stress is applied to the wall surface 230, light is emitted. Damage to the power generation module 13 can be suppressed. Further, by giving the photovoltaic power generation module 213 itself flexibility and flexibility, it is possible to further suppress damage to the photovoltaic power generation module 213 due to external stress.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and the embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in the different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

10,117,210 ... Photovoltaic panel 11 ... Hard pavement 12,14,214 ... Adhesive layer 13,213 ... Photovoltaic module 13a ... Power generation cell 13b ... Encapsulant 15,215 ... Translucent support member 16 , 216 ... Surface protective layer 16a ... Base resin 16b ... Fine particles 100 ... Pavement structure 110 ... Existing pavement 111 ... Section line 112 ... Cutting groove 113 ... Asphalt 113 ... Hard pavement 114 ... Wiring groove 115 ... Step 116 ... Adhesive layer 118 ... Electrical wiring 119 ... Pavement 200 ... Wall structure 220 ... Support 230 ... Wall 20 ... Container 30 ... Water 40 ... Test wheel

Claims (6)

A photovoltaic module that converts the irradiated light into electric power,
A substantially plate-shaped translucent support member made of polycarbonate that transmits the light and has the photovoltaic module attached to one surface thereof.
A surface protective layer formed on the other surface of the translucent support member and transmitting the light is provided.
In the surface protective layer, the light-scattering fine particles project at least from the surface.
The photovoltaic module includes a power generation cell made of an amorphous silicon thin film, and a sealing material having translucency and sealing the front and back surfaces and side surfaces of the power generation cell.
A photovoltaic power generation panel characterized in that the fine particles contain Al ₂ O ₃ in the range of 70 to 80% and SiO ₂ in the range of 20 to 30% by volume percentage . The photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1.
The photovoltaic power generation module is a photovoltaic power generation panel characterized in that the sealing material is made of a silicone resin and has flexibility. The photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1 or 2 .
The fine particles are a photovoltaic power generation panel having a particle size in the range of 0.2 to 4.0 mm. The photovoltaic power generation panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .
The surface protective layer is a photovoltaic power generation panel characterized by having a slip resistance value of 60 or more by the BPN method. The photovoltaic power generation panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A pavement structure including a hard pavement body on which the photovoltaic power generation panel is placed. The photovoltaic power generation panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A wall surface structure including a wall surface on which the photovoltaic power generation panel is attached.