JP6802353B2 - メタンの二酸化炭素改質用触媒及びその製造方法、並びに合成ガスの製造方法 - Google Patents
メタンの二酸化炭素改質用触媒及びその製造方法、並びに合成ガスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6802353B2 JP6802353B2 JP2019502363A JP2019502363A JP6802353B2 JP 6802353 B2 JP6802353 B2 JP 6802353B2 JP 2019502363 A JP2019502363 A JP 2019502363A JP 2019502363 A JP2019502363 A JP 2019502363A JP 6802353 B2 JP6802353 B2 JP 6802353B2
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 127
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 100
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 85
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 5
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UWVGGRQHSA-N 2-[[(1s,2s)-2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]cyclohexyl]-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)[C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UWVGGRQHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C1CCCCC1N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
より好ましくは、上記二酸化炭素改質用触媒に、メタン及び二酸化炭素とともに酸素(O2ガス)を供給することである。酸素を加えることにより、メタンと酸素が反応して下記反応式(2)及び(3)の2種類の酸化反応が起きる。また、式(3)の反応により生成したスチームが下記反応式(4)で示すようにメタンと反応する。
CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O ΔH298K=-213kJmol-1 (3)
CH4+H2O→CO+3H2 ΔH298K=206kJmol-1 (4)
式(1)と式(4)の反応は吸熱反応であり外部から大きなエネルギーが必要になる。一方、式(2)と式(3)の反応はどちらも発熱反応であり、式(1)と式(4)の反応に熱を利用することができる。このように酸素を追加供給することにより、酸化反応による発熱によって必要な外部エネルギーが低くなる。また、触媒表面に析出する炭素が酸素と燃焼することで少なくなり、そのため、触媒の高寿命化を図ることができる。
シリカ担体としては、シリカペレット(富士シリシア化学(株)製「CARiACT Q−10」、平均細孔径:10nm、細孔容積:1.18mL/g)を用いた。硝酸ニッケル六水和物を触媒でのニッケル担持量で9質量%となるように測りとるとともに、4HEDTAを硝酸ニッケル六水和物と同じモル数となるように測りとり、これらを、シリカペレットの細孔容積の6割程度の体積のイオン交換水に溶解させた。続いてアンモニア水を加えて4HEDTAの溶解を促した。4HEDTAが完全に溶解した後、溶液の色は濃青色となり、pHは12〜13程度であった。これにより、ニッケルイオンにキレート剤が配位したキレート錯体が形成され、当該キレート錯体を含む溶液が得られた。この溶液を高いpHのまますぐに超音波のもとIW(Incipient Wetness)法でシリカペレットに含浸した。なお、シリカペレットは、事前に硝酸を用いて粒子表面を洗っておき、これを含浸に用いた。含浸後、続けて30分超音波を当て続けた。さらに1時間減圧処理を行い、120℃で一晩乾燥した後、350℃で焼成した。焼成の際は、2℃/分で昇温し、空気中2時間350℃を保持した。これにより、シリカ担体にニッケルを担持させた二酸化炭素改質用触媒(Ni/E/SiO2触媒)が得られた。
上記実施例と同じシリカ担体を用いた。硝酸ニッケル六水和物を触媒でのニッケル担持量で9質量%となるように測りとり、シリカペレットの細孔容積に対して同じ体積のイオン交換水に溶解させた。得られたニッケル水溶液を、超音波のもとIW法で、シリカペレットに含浸した。この時の溶液のpHはおよそ5であった。その後さらに30分超音波を当て続け、1時間の減圧処理を行い、120℃で一晩乾燥した後、350℃での焼成を行った。焼成の際は、2℃/分で昇温し、空気中で2時間350℃を保持した。これにより、シリカ担体にニッケルを担持させた触媒(Ni/SiO2触媒)を得た。
上記で得られた実施例の触媒(Ni/E/SiO2)と比較例の触媒(Ni/SiO2)を用いて、メタンの二酸化炭素改質を行って合成ガスを生成した。
実施例の触媒(Ni/E/SiO2)を用いて、触媒試験1と同様にメタンの二酸化炭素改質を行った。触媒試験2では、反応開始から100時間まではGHSV=50,000mLgcat -1h-1とし、100時間以降はGHSV=100,000mLgcat -1h-1として、200時間までのメタン及び二酸化炭素の転化率と、生成ガス中の水素と一酸化炭素のモル比を測定した。その他は触媒試験1と同様に行った。
実施例の触媒(Ni/E/SiO2)と比較例の触媒(Ni/SiO2)について、シリカ表面に担持されたニッケルの粒子サイズを測定した。
Claims (4)
- シリカ担体を酸で表面処理し、
エチレンジアミン四酢酸、ニトリロ三酢酸、及びトランス−1,2−シクロヘキサンジアミン四酢酸からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を配位子としてニッケルに配位してなるキレート錯体を含有する溶液を前記シリカ担体に含浸させ、
含浸させたシリカ担体を乾燥し焼成してシリカ担体にニッケルを担持させる、
メタンの二酸化炭素改質用触媒の製造方法。 - 前記シリカ担体に担持された前記ニッケルの、X線回折法によるシェラー式により求めた粒子サイズが8nm以下である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法により二酸化炭素改質用触媒を製造し、得られた二酸化炭素改質用触媒を用いて、当該二酸化炭素改質用触媒の存在下、メタンと二酸化炭素を反応させて水素と一酸化炭素を含む合成ガスを製造する、合成ガスの製造方法。
- 前記二酸化炭素改質用触媒に、メタン及び二酸化炭素とともに酸素を供給する、請求項3に記載の合成ガスの製造方法。
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