JP6689993B2 - アミロイドコンジュゲート並びにその使用及び方法 - Google Patents
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- JP6689993B2 JP6689993B2 JP2018537651A JP2018537651A JP6689993B2 JP 6689993 B2 JP6689993 B2 JP 6689993B2 JP 2018537651 A JP2018537651 A JP 2018537651A JP 2018537651 A JP2018537651 A JP 2018537651A JP 6689993 B2 JP6689993 B2 JP 6689993B2
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Description
- (予防的又は治療的)ワクチン処置に付随する副作用を最小化する目的から、可能な限り特異的な免疫応答、
- 患者の効果的な免疫化を確実に行い、免疫原性コンジュゲートの必要量を低減する目的から、可能な限り強い免疫応答
を生じさせることを示している。
本明細書で使用する場合、「アミロイド疾患(amyloid disease)」及びその複数形は、βアミロイドの蓄積に付随する疾患を指す。前記蓄積は根本的に脳で起こり得て、中でもアルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、脳アミロイドアンギオパチー、アミロイド起源の血管性認知症、及びレヴィー小体を伴う認知症等の疾患を生じ得る。βアミロイドの蓄積は根本的に骨格筋においても起こり得て、封入体筋炎を生じ得る。
第1の態様において、本発明は、少なくとも1つのCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)及びキーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)を含むコンジュゲートであって、コンジュゲートの構成要素のそれぞれを(前記少なくとも1つのペプチドのそれぞれをKLHに)接続している架橋剤がマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル(SM)であることを特徴とするコンジュゲートに関する。
a. 7.0から9の間のpHの緩衝液中にキーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)を含む組成物にマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル(SM)を添加する工程、
b. 約6.6から7.0のpHの0.02Mリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液を好ましくは使用することにより、工程a)の溶液から余剰分のマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステルを除去する工程、
c. 6.6から7.0の間のpHの工程b)の溶液にDMSO中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)を添加して、コンジュゲートを生じさせる工程、
d. 6.6から7.0のpHの0.01M PBS緩衝液を好ましくは使用することにより、工程c)から遊離ペプチドを除去する工程、
e. 任意選択で、約0.2μmのフィルターを好ましくは使用することにより、工程d)の溶液をろ過する工程、
f. 工程d)又は工程e)の溶液のpHを5.5から6.5の間、好ましくは5.8から6.2の間、より好ましくは5.9から6.1の間、更により好ましくは約6.0の範囲に調整する工程、及び、
g. 工程f)の溶液のpHが調整されると、溶液に水酸化アルミニウムゲルを添加する工程
を含む方法に関する。
これらのコンジュゲートを調製するために、KLHを輸送タンパク質として、SMを架橋剤として、そしてCysAβ(33-40)(配列番号1)を免疫原性ペプチド(N末端にシステインを付加したアミロイドペプチドの残基33〜40を有するペプチド)として使用した。
・ 680μLの乾燥DMSO中に100mgのSMを溶解することによりSMの250mMストック溶液を調製した。前記ストック溶液のアリコートを作り、-20℃で保管した。
・ PBS/5mM EDTA(pH 7.4)中に5mg/mLの濃度でKLHを溶解した。
・ コンジュゲーションされるKLH 1ミリリットルあたり16μLのSMのストック溶液を添加した。
・ 前記溶液を穏やかに撹拌しながら室温で2時間30分反応させた。
・ 次に、反応緩衝液を変更して反応副生成物及び余剰分の未反応SMを除去した。この目的のために、PD10カラム(GE Healthcare社;リファレンス17-0851-01)を以下の通りに用いた。
工程a): 25mL(5mL、5回)のPBS(80mMリン酸水素ナトリウム二水和物(sodium hydrogenophosphate dihydrate)、20mMリン酸二水素ナトリウム一水和物(sodium dihydrogenophosphate monohydrate)、100mM塩化ナトリウム)/5mM EDTA(pH 7.4)を用いてカラムを平衡化した。
工程b): 2.5mLの既に反応した溶液をカラム中に添加し、前記溶液を透過させ、溶出液を廃棄した。
工程c): 3.5mLのPBSをカラム中に添加し、溶出液を回収した。
工程d): 工程a)で上述したように、25mL(5mL、5回)の5mM EDTA(pH 7.4)を用いてカラムを再平衡化した。
工程b)から工程d)を繰り返した。毎回、反応した溶液の量に応じた必要量とした。その後、カラムを平衡化した。
工程e): 同じペプチドコンジュゲートを同様に用いる他の機会でカラムを使用するために、カラムを4℃で保管した。プロトコールに先行する。
・ 次に、活性化KLHと混合すべきペプチドを計算した。このために、ペプチドの分子量及びKLHの分子量の両方、更にはその活性部位(ジチオトレイトールで活性化KLH溶液を処理する前及び後に343nmの吸光度を測定し、必要な変換を行うことに基づく、先行技術で既知の方法に従って測定)を考慮に入れた。例えば、1724の活性部位を有する10mgのKLHの場合:
10/6725000(KLHの平均分子量) = 1.48×10-6mmolのKLH
1.48×10-6mmolのKLH×1724の活性部位 = 2.55×10-3mmolのペプチドが全ての活性部位を覆うために必要
コンジュゲーション反応を促すために、3倍のペプチド過剰とする。
2.55×10-3×3 = 7.65×10-3mmolのペプチドが必要
7.65×10-3×ペプチドの分子量(834.4Da) = 必要なペプチドのmg(6.38mgのペプチド)(必要な変換係数を適用)
・ ペプチド/活性化KLH(即ち、結合したSMを有するKLH)の比を決定したら、以下の反応液、即ち、SMを有する活性化KLHとペプチドとの好適な比率の混合液を調製した。そのために、ペプチドをDMSO中に6mg/mLで調製し、活性化KLHにゆっくりと添加した。最終反応液中のDMSOの比率は30%を超えてはならない。いずれにしてもそれより高くなったら、その量が30%未満の値に減少するまでPBS/5mM EDTA(pH7.4)を添加する。
・ 室温で撹拌しながら該溶液を18〜24時間反応させた。
・ 最後に、得られた溶液を4℃で保管した。KLHとコンジュゲーションせず、したがって遊離しているペプチドは除去してもよいし、しなくてもよい。前記遊離のペプチドを除去しない場合、最終生成物中のペプチド濃度は、天然KLHに結合したペプチドだけでなく、反応に使用した総ペプチドと、最終反応液の量とにより決定される。
この場合において、以下のコンジュゲートを用いてマウス(群あたり4匹)で生成された免疫応答強度を比較した。
・ KLH-SM-CysAβ(33-40)(実施例1に従って製造)
・ KLH-SPDP-CysAβ(33-40):このコンジュゲートは、先行技術でよく用いられる架橋剤であるスクシンイミジル3-(2-ピリジルジチオ)プロピオネート(SPDP)を使用し、実施例1(必要な適合を行った)に記載のプロトコールに非常に類似した先行技術で既知のプロトコールにより製造した。
1. 最初の接種の1週間前に、本研究に参加する全てのマウスから血液を採取し、免疫前血清を取得した。
2. 各マウスに割り当てた群に応じて(異なる分析群についてはTable 1(表1)を参照)、3週連続で週に1回、対応するワクチンを各マウスに接種した。
3. 3回目の接種の1週間後、本研究に参加するマウスのそれぞれから再び血液を採取し、血清で得られた応答を測定した。
・ 輸送タンパク質として使用した異なるKLH(異なる製造者由来)は、免疫応答に対してある程度の効果を有してはいたが、免疫応答の大きさの決定において関連性を示さなかった(群1、3、4及び6、即ち50以上のEC50の増加を伴う群において免疫応答は強く、これに対して、群2及び5、即ち50未満のEC50の増加を伴う群において免疫応答は弱い又は存在しない)。
・ 強い免疫応答が得られたことと、それが弱かった又は存在しなかったこととの相違は、使用した架橋剤にある。得られた実験結果に基づけば、SMを使用したコンジュゲートはSPDPを使用したコンジュゲートについて観察されたよりも顕著に強い免疫応答を生じると導出される。実際、架橋剤SMを有するコンジュゲートで処置した群は強い免疫応答を生成できるのに対し、SPDPを使用したコンジュゲートで処置した群ははるかに弱い免疫応答を示したか、又は免疫応答がなかった。
・ 上記に加えて、群4について得られた結果は強調されるべきである。というのも、SMを使用して生成されたコンジュゲートの応答は、アジュバントさえも使用せずに、SPDPを使用して生成されたコンジュゲートについて観察された応答よりもまだ強いことをこの結果は明確に示しているからである。
実施例2の場合と同様、コンジュゲーションの程度、又は輸送タンパク質(KLH)1分子あたりに結合したペプチドの数を比較したコンジュゲートは、
・ KLH-SM-CysAβ(33-40)(実施例1に従って製造)
・ KLH-SPDP-CysAβ(33-40)(実施例2に示す通りに製造)
である。
KLH-SM-CysAβ(33-40)コンジュゲートを含むワクチンのポテンシーアッセイをウサギで行った。この場合、輸送タンパク質に結合した計200μg(事前の研究に応じて選択した量)の結合ペプチドをウサギにワクチン接種した。2% Alhydrogel(登録商標)(水酸化アルミニウムゲル)をアジュバントとして使用して、予め特定した量で1mLのワクチンを各ウサギに接種した。
・ 特異的抗体、即ちそれぞれAβ40若しくはAβ42に結合する特異的抗体を検出しようとするのかどうかに応じて、ELISAプレートにAβ40又はAβ42ペプチド(配列番号3に含まれる)を固定した(sieved)。
・ 分析した血清中の抗体の存在を検出するために使用した抗体は、Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) HRP(Invitrogen社;リファレンス: 65-6120)(二次抗体の希釈はpH 8のビヒクル溶液中1:2000)であった。
1.35mg/mlのペプチドは14.4mg/mlのコンジュゲートKLH-SM-CysAβ(33-40)に相当する。
Claims (17)
- i)キーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)に連結した少なくとも1つのCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)を含むコンジュゲート、及びii)水酸化アルミニウムゲルを含む医薬組成物であって、コンジュゲートのキーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)に各CysAβ(33-40)ペプチドを接続している架橋剤がマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル(SM)であり、組成物のpHが5.8から7.0の範囲内にある、医薬組成物。
- 組成物のpHが6.2から7.0の範囲内にある、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 組成物のpHが5.8から6.2の範囲内にある、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)の濃度が少なくとも100μgである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)の濃度が少なくとも150μgである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)の濃度が150μgから400μgである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬組成物中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)の濃度が160μgから240μgである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- コンジュゲートが、キーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)1個に対して少なくとも45個の比で連結したCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物を含むガラスアンプル。
- 医薬組成物を製造する方法であって、
a. 7.0から9の間のpHの緩衝液中にキーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)を含む組成物にマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル(SM)を添加する工程、
b. 工程a)の溶液から余剰分のマレイミド酪酸N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステルを除去する工程、
c. 6.6から7.0の間のpHの工程b)の溶液にDMSO中のCysAβ(33-40)ペプチド(配列番号1)を添加して、コンジュゲートを生じさせる工程、
d. 工程c)から遊離ペプチドを除去する工程、
e. 任意選択で、工程d)の溶液をろ過する工程、
f. 工程d)又は工程e)の溶液のpHを5.8から6.2の間の範囲に調整する工程、及び、
g. 工程f)の溶液のpHが調整されると、溶液に水酸化アルミニウムゲルを添加する工程
を含む方法。 - 工程b)の余剰分が、約6.6から7.0のpHの0.02Mリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液を使用することにより除去される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 工程d)の余剰分が、6.6から7.0のpHの0.01M PBS緩衝液を使用することにより除去される、請求項10又は11に記載の方法。
- 工程e)において、約0.2μmのフィルターを使用することにより溶液がろ過される、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程f)のpHが約6.0のpH範囲に調整される、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- アミロイド疾患の治療又は予防における使用のための、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物又は請求項9に記載のガラスアンプル。
- アミロイド疾患が、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、脳アミロイドアンギオパチー、アミロイド起源の血管性認知症、封入体筋炎、及びレヴィー小体を伴う認知症からなる群から選択される、請求項15に記載の使用のための医薬組成物。
- アミロイド疾患がアルツハイマー病である、請求項16に記載の使用のための医薬組成物。
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