Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
  • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
  • C07K16/2872—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against prion molecules, e.g. CD230
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  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/03—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in an undefined or only partially defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
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  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
  • A61K39/0007—Nervous system antigens; Prions
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  • A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
  • A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
  • A61K39/3955—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against proteinaceous materials, e.g. enzymes, hormones, lymphokines
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
  • A61K47/42—Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. albumin, gelatin or zein
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
  • A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
  • A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
  • A61K47/643—Albumins, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin or a Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin [KHL]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
  • A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
  • A61K47/646—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent the entire peptide or protein drug conjugate elicits an immune response, e.g. conjugate vaccines
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/06—Ointments; Bases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
  • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
  • C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/43504—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
  • C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
  • C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
  • C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
  • C07K14/4711—Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid plaque core protein
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K19/00—Hybrid peptides, i.e. peptides covalently bound to nucleic acids, or non-covalently bound protein-protein complexes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
  • C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
  • A61K2039/55505—Inorganic adjuvants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
  • C07K2317/33—Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
  • C07K2319/31—Fusion polypeptide fusions, other than Fc, for prolonged plasma life, e.g. albumin

Definitions

• the present application includes an Electronic Sequence Listing.
• the Electronic Sequence Listing is provided as a file entitled DURC059001C1SEQLIST.txt, which is 1,226 bytes in size, created on Aug. 13, 2018, and last modified on Aug. 14, 2018.
• the information in the Electronic Sequence Listing is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
• the present invention relates to the field of biochemistry, more specifically to the field of sector of protein conjugation. Additionally, the present invention has an application in the field of medicine and veterinary science in the treatment of amyloid diseases.
• Spanish patent application with publication number ES2246105 discloses the prevention or treatment of amyloid diseases, inter alia Alzheimer's disease, by means of the active immunization of patients with the conjugate formed by the A ⁇ 33-40 peptide and the transport protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (hereinafter, KLH), with accession number 4BED in the Protein Data Bank.
• KLH transport protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin
• the use of said conjugate for generating antibodies for example, by means of immunizing mammals or birds with said conjugate
• Said patent document does not specify the crosslinking agent used.
• transport protein may be KLH.
• SPDP N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate
• SM maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester
• the present invention relates to a conjugate characterized in that the crosslinking agent is SM.
• the present invention relates to a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• conjugate for preparing a medicinal product, more specifically, a medicinal product intended for the treatment or prevention of amyloid diseases, is contemplated.
• compositions comprising the conjugate of the present invention for use as a medicinal product, more specifically for use in the treatment or prevention of amyloid diseases.
• the present invention also relates to a method of treatment or prevention of an amyloid disease by means of the delivery of a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing antibodies based on the use of the conjugate of the present invention.
• ⁇ -amyloid disease and the plural thereof refer to diseases associated with the ⁇ -amyloid accumulation. Said accumulation can fundamentally occur in the brain, producing diseases among which are found Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular dementia of an amyloid origin and dementia with Lewy bodies. ⁇ -amyloid accumulation can also fundamentally occur in skeletal muscle, producing inclusion-body myositis.
• passive immunization and the plural thereof refer to the delivery of antibodies or fragments thereof to a patient with the intention of conferring immunity to said patient.
• active immunization and the plural thereof refer to the delivery to a patient of peptides (in the form of conjugates) acting as immunogens, i.e., they allow antibody generation with the intention of conferring immunity to said patient.
• adjuvant and the plural thereof refer to immunomodulatory substances capable of being combined with the conjugate of the present invention for increasing, improving or otherwise modulating an immune response in a patient.
• patient and the plural thereof refer to any mammal, preferably human, in which the conjugate of the present invention or a composition comprising same can be administered for the purpose of treating, preventing or delaying onset of an amyloid disease.
• CysA ⁇ (33-40) refers to the sequence of positions 33 to 40 of A ⁇ 40 (SEQ ID NO: 2) to which a cysteine has been added at the N-terminus. Said sequence is reflected in SEQ ID NO: 1 and is: CGLMVGGVV.
• a first aspect the present invention relates to a conjugate comprising at least one CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), characterized in that the crosslinking agent connecting each of the components of the conjugate (each of said at least one peptide with KLH) is maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (SM).
• SEQ ID NO: 1 CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide
• KLH keyhole limpet hemocyanin
• Said conjugate in addition to allowing or producing an effective and specific immune response against A ⁇ 40 (the antibodies produced are specific for A ⁇ 40 without significantly binding to A ⁇ 42), increases said response compared with the response produced by other conjugates also comprising CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) and KLH, and in which said elements have been bound or conjugated by means of another crosslinking agent that also allow the binding of a peptide to the transport protein.
• the present invention relates to a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• the composition additionally comprises one or more adjuvants, which are preferably selected from mineral salts (such as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate or calcium phosphate), microparticles and active surface agents [such as nonionic block polymer surfactants, virosomes, saponins, meningococcal outer membrane proteins (proteosomes), immune stimulating complexes, cochleates, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide, avridine, vitamin A or vitamin E], bacterial products [such as the cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium phlei , muramyl dipeptides and tripeptides (threonyl-MDP, MDP-butyl ester, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethalonamine MTP), monophosphoryl lipid A, Klebsiella pneumoniae glycoprotein, Bordetella pertussis, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, V.
• mineral salts such as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum
• coli enterotoxin the hepatitis B virus nucleus, cholera toxin A fusion proteins, CpG dinucleotides, thermal shock proteins or fatty acids] live vectors (such as vaccinia virus, canarypox virus, adenovirus, attenuated Salmonella typhi, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, Streptococcus gordonni , herpes simplex virus, vaccine-derived poliovirus, rhinovirus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella, Bordetella pertussis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae ), vehicles [such as water-in-oil emulsions (for example mineral oils such as complete Freund's adjuvant or incomplete Freund's adjuvant; vegetable oils; squalene or squalane); oil-in-water emulsions, such as a mixture of squal
• a preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the invention refers to a composition, preferably a pharmaceutical composition, comprising i) a conjugate comprising at least one CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) linked to the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and ii) aluminum hydroxide gel, wherein the crosslinking agent connecting each CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide to the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) of the conjugate is the maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (SM).
• SM maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester
• the adsorption rates of the conjugate onto the aluminum hydroxide gel of said preferred composition depends on the pH. In fact, the adsorption rate increases at lower pH-values. A reduction from pH 7.4 to pH to 7.2 or even 7.0 does not result in significant higher adsorption rates. An adsorption at pH 6.8 shows an adsorption rate around 90%. At pH 6.0 the adsorption ratio is the highest. At a conjugate concentration based on 200 ⁇ g/mL net peptide and pH 6.7% of conjugate is still free.
• a pH value of between 5.8 to 7.0 should be used in order to increase the adsorption rate of the conjugate onto the adjuvant and significantly increase its immunogenic capacity.
• another preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the invention refers to a composition, preferably a pharmaceutical composition, comprising i) a conjugate comprising at least one CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) linked to the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and ii) aluminum hydroxide gel, wherein the crosslinking agent connecting each CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptide to the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) of the conjugate is the maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (SM), and wherein the pH of the composition ranges from 5.8 to 7.0, preferably from 6.2 to 7.0, more preferably from 5.8 to 6.2.
• SM maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester
• the concentration of CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptides (SEQ ID NO: 1) in the pharmaceutical composition is of at least 100 ⁇ g, preferably at least 150 ⁇ g, more preferably from 150 ⁇ g to 400 ⁇ g, still more preferably from 160 ⁇ g to 240 ⁇ g, still more preferably about 200 ⁇ g.
• the KLH-SM-CysA ⁇ (33-40) conjugates present in the pharmaceutical composition comprise a ratio of at least 45 CysA ⁇ (33-40) peptides (SEQ ID NO: 1) per keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) protein.
• the pharmaceutical composition in contained in glass ampoules, preferably of 1 or 1.2 ml.
• the adsorption rates of the conjugate onto the aluminum hydroxide gel of in the composition of the second aspect of the invention depends on the pH.
• the pH increases during the storage of the pharmaceutical composition once it has been manufactured thus reducing the adsorption rates if such increases reached pH values above 7.0, or preferably above 6.8.
• yet another preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the invention refers to a method to manufacture a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the following steps:
• the present invention discloses the use of a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention for preparing a medicinal product.
• a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention for preparing a medicinal product.
• said composition is the composition identified in the second aspect of the invention or in any of its preferred embodiments.
• said medicinal product is for use in the treatment or prevention of an amyloid disease, more preferably of a amyloid disease selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular dementia of an amyloid origin, inclusion-body myositis and dementia with Lewy bodies.
• said medicinal product is used for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
• the present invention relates to a method of treatment or of prevention of an amyloid disease in a patient in need of same comprising the delivery of a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• said composition is the composition identified in the second aspect of the invention or in any of its preferred embodiments.
• said amyloid disease is a amyloid disease selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular dementia of an amyloid origin, inclusion-body myositis and dementia with Lewy bodies, even more preferably Alzheimer's disease.
• the present invention discloses a method of manufacturing antibodies characterized in that it comprises an immunization step for immunizing mammals or birds with a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• a composition comprising the conjugate of the present invention.
• said composition is the composition identified in the second aspect of the invention or in any of its preferred embodiments.
• the mammals used in such method can be ruminants, equidae, lagomorphs, primates (preferably humans) or any other mammal that allows obtaining the suitable amounts of serum for extracting or obtaining sufficient amounts of antibodies.
• the birds used in the method of the present invention are any fowl-like birds, waterfowl, pigeons and doves or any other bird that allows obtaining suitable amounts of serum for extracting or obtaining sufficient amounts of antibodies. It is further contemplated the protection of the antibodies obtained or obtainable by the method of the final aspect of the invention as well as their use to manufacture a pharmaceutical composition for use in the treatment of an amyloid disease selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular dementia of an amyloid origin, inclusion-body myositis and dementia with Lewy bodies, even more preferably Alzheimer's disease.
• an amyloid disease selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular dementia of an amyloid origin, inclusion-body myositis and dementia with Lewy bodies, even more preferably Alzheimer's disease.
• the present invention provides a conjugate generated using the crosslinking agent SM, and compositions comprising same that allow generating an greater immune response compared with conjugates generated with other crosslinking agents of the prior art.
• the immune response generated by said conjugates of the present invention or the compositions comprising said conjugates is specific for A ⁇ 40, i.e., it allows generating anti-A ⁇ 40 specific antibodies without generating anti-A ⁇ 42 antibodies.
• KLH was used as a transport protein
• SM as a crosslinking agent
• CysA ⁇ (33-40) SEQ ID NO: 1 as an immunogenic peptide (peptide with residues 33-40 of the amyloid peptide to which a cysteine has been added at the N-terminus).
• Binding took place between the available lysine residues of the KLH and the cysteine added at the N-terminal end of the peptide.
• the binding of the crosslinking agent to KLH was done first (KLH activation step), and, in a second step, the immunogenic peptide was added to the activated KLH so that conjugation could take place.
• mice (4 per group) with the following conjugates was compared:
• the immune response strength test was conducted in BALB/c strain mice. The protocol that was followed was:
• each mouse was inoculated the corresponding vaccine once a week for three weeks straight.
• Table 3 shows a tabulated summary of the immune response strength results obtained for the different groups (analyzing serum from the mice obtained the week after finishing the therapeutic or vaccination regimen explained in the present example), together with the increase observed in the immune response (fold number the immune response increased a week after finishing the therapeutic regimen with respect to the pre-immune response).
• the measurement of the immune response was taken on the serum obtained from each mouse by means of indirect ELISA, according to the protocol known in the prior art, with respect to which it should be pointed out that the ELISA plates were sieved with A ⁇ 40 peptide.
• the plate was developed by adding 100 ⁇ L per well of an ABTS solution (diammonium 2,2′-azinobis-[3-ethylbenzothiazolinesulfonate]; Roche; reference: 102 946 001) with 0.375 mg/mL in ABTS buffer (Roche; reference: 11 112 597 001).
• ABTS solution diammonium 2,2′-azinobis-[3-ethylbenzothiazolinesulfonate]
• Roche reference: 102 946 001
• This substrate turned green upon reacting with the peroxidase bound to the secondary antibody.
• the color intensity depended on the amount of antibodies bound to the plate.
• the reaction was incubated for 55 minutes at room temperature and in the dark, and then the absorbance was read in an ELISA plates reader at 405 nm. The obtained absorbance results were analyzed with the GraphPad Prism 3.02 program.
• the “One Site Competition” equation was used for the analysis:
• the EC 50 data which is the inflection point of the curve, i.e., the point at which 50% of the maximum effect observed was produced, was obtained from the aforementioned analysis. In the present case, it was interpreted as the serum dilution at which 50% of the peptide present in the well bound to the antibody present in the serum.
• the conjugates for which the degree of conjugation or number of peptides bound per molecule of transport protein (KLH) was compared are:
• Table 4 shows a tabulated summary of the experimental results obtained for the experiment for binding the peptide to the transport protein that was carried out.
• a potency assay of vaccines comprising the KLH-SM-CysA ⁇ (33-40) conjugates was conducted in rabbits.
• the rabbits were vaccinated with 200 ⁇ g of total bound peptide, said 200 ⁇ g being bound to the transport protein (chosen dose depending on preliminary studies).
• Each rabbit was inoculated with 1 mL of the vaccine with the previously specified dose, using 2% Alhydrogel® (aluminum hydroxide gel) as an adjuvant.
• the animals were treated with the previously indicated dose by means of subcutaneous injection of the vaccine once a week for 3 straight weeks drawing blood a week before commencing the vaccination protocol and a week after finishing it.
• the development reagents were those indicated in Example 2, and therefore the plates were also read at 405 nm and the same equation was applied to the results.
• the EC 50 data which is the inflection point of the curve, i.e., the point at which 50% of the maximum effect observed was produced, was obtained from the analysis. As indicated in Example 2, said result was interpreted as the serum dilution at which 50% of the peptide present in the well bound to the antibody present in the serum.
• a pH value of between 5.8 to 7.0 should preferably be used in order to increase the adsorption rate of the conjugate onto the adjuvant.

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