JP6670855B2 - 燃料油を製造するための、水素化分解工程と、沈殿工程と、沈殿物分離工程とを含む供給原料の転化方法 - Google Patents
燃料油を製造するための、水素化分解工程と、沈殿工程と、沈殿物分離工程とを含む供給原料の転化方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/09—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/24—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including oxidation as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1048—Middle distillates
- C10G2300/1059—Gasoil having a boiling range of about 330 - 427 °C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1077—Vacuum residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/205—Metal content
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/205—Metal content
- C10G2300/206—Asphaltenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
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Description
a) 水素の存在下に、担持型沸騰床触媒を含有する少なくとも1基の反応器において供給原料を水素化分解する工程;
b) 工程a)から得られた流出物を、燃料ベースを含有する少なくとも1つの軽質炭化水素フラクションと、最低350℃で沸騰する化合物を含有する重質フラクションとに分離する工程;
c) 沈殿物を沈殿させる工程であって、分離工程b)から得られた重質フラクションを、500分以下の期間にわたって、25℃〜350℃の範囲内の温度、20MPa以下の圧力で蒸留物留分と接触させ、該蒸留物留分の最低20重量%は、100℃以上の沸点を有する、工程;
d) 沈殿工程c)から得られた重質フラクションから沈殿物を物理的に分離して、沈殿物から分離された重質フラクションを得る工程;
e) ISO 10307−2法に従って測定される沈殿物含有率:0.1重量%以下を有する重質フラクションを回収する工程であって、工程d)から得られた重質フラクションを、工程c)の間に導入された蒸留物留分から分離することからなる、工程
を含む、方法に関する。
図1は、本発明の方法の線図を示し、水素化分解帯域、分離帯域、沈殿帯域、沈殿物の物理的分離のための帯域および興味のフラクションを回収するための帯域を特徴としている。
(供給原料)
本発明の方法において処理される供給原料は、有利には、常圧残渣、直留真空残渣、粗製油(crude oil)、抜頭粗製油、脱アスファルト油、脱アスファルト樹脂、アスファルトまたは脱アスファルトピッチ、転化方法から得られた残渣、潤滑ベースのための製造ラインから得られた芳香族抽出物、瀝青砂またはそれらの誘導体、および油頁岩またはそれらの誘導体から選択され、それらは、単独でまたは混合物として用いられる。
本発明の供給原料は、水素化分解工程を経る。この水素化分解工程は、担持型沸騰床触媒を含有する少なくとも1基の反応器において行われ、この沸騰床触媒は、好ましくは、液体および気体の上昇流様式において機能する。水素化分解工程の目的は、重質フラクションをより軽質の留分に転化する一方で同時に、供給原料を部分的に精製することにある。
水素化分解工程a)から得られた流出物は、少なくとも1回の分離工程を経て、他の補充分離工程によって任意に完了し、燃料ベースを含有する少なくとも1つの軽質炭化水素フラクションと、最低350℃で沸騰する化合物を含有する重質フラクションとが分離される。
分離工程b)の終わりに得られた重質フラクションは、水素化分解工程の条件に由来する有機沈殿物および触媒残渣を含有する。沈殿物の一部は、水素化分解の条件下に沈殿させられたアスファルテンによって構成され、「既存沈殿物」によって分析される(IP375)。
本発明の方法は、沈殿物および触媒残渣の物理的分離の工程d)をさらに含む。
本発明によると、工程d)から得られた混合物は、有利には、経時変化後の含有率0.1重量%以下の沈殿物を含有する重質フラクションを回収するための工程e)に導入され、前記工程は、工程d)から得られた重質フラクションを、工程c)の間に導入された蒸留物留分から分離することからなる。
工程d)またはe)から得られ、350℃で沸騰する化合物を主として含有する重質フラクションの硫黄含有率は、水素化分解工程の操作条件次第であるが、当初の供給原料の硫黄含有率次第でもある。
本発明の方法は、水素化処理工程f)からの流出物を分離するための工程g)を含んでよい。任意の分離工程g)は、有利には、当業者に知られているあらゆる方法、例えば、1基以上の高圧および/または低圧の分離器、および/または高圧および/または低圧の蒸留および/またはストリッピング工程の組み合わせを採用して行われてよい。この任意の分離工程g)は、分離工程b)に類似しており、あらゆるさらなる詳細が記載されることを必要としない。
燃料油を得るために、工程d)および/またはe)および/またはf)および/またはg)から得られた重質フラクションは、接触分解からのライトサイクルオイル、接触分解からのヘビーサイクルオイル、接触分解残渣、ケロセン、ディーゼル油、真空蒸留物および/またはデカンテッドオイル、および本発明による蒸留物留分によって構成される群から選択される1種以上のカッターストックと混合されてよい。好ましくは、本発明の方法において製造されたケロセン、ディーゼル油および/または真空蒸留物が用いられることになる。有利には、本方法の分離工程b)またはg)において得られたケロセン、ディーゼルおよび/または真空蒸留物が用いられることになる。
図1は、本発明の典型的な実施を図表により示すが、本発明の範囲を決して限定するものではない。
以下の実施例は、本発明を例証するが、決して本発明の範囲を制限するものではない。真空残渣(VR Oural)が処理された;それは、520℃以上の温度で沸騰する化合物84重量%を含有し、密度9.5°APIおよび硫黄含有率2.6重量%を有していた。
A) バリエーションA(本発明に合致しない):ここでは、常圧残渣ARは、商品名Pall(登録商標)を有する金属性多孔質フィルタを用いてろ過された。経時変化後の沈殿物含有率は、沈殿物の分離の後に回収された常圧残渣について測定された;
B) バリエーションB:ここでは、80℃で1分にわたって撹拌しながら、常圧残渣ARと本発明による蒸留物留分とを表3に記載される種々の割合で混合することによって沈殿工程(本発明に合致する)が行われた。
Claims (15)
- 硫黄含有率:最低0.1重量%、初期沸点:最低340℃および最終沸点:最低440℃を有する少なくとも1つの炭化水素フラクションを含有する炭化水素供給原料の転化方法であって、以下の工程:
a) 水素の存在下に、担持型沸騰床触媒を含有する少なくとも1基の反応器において供給原料を水素化分解する工程;
b) 工程a)から得られた流出物を、燃料ベースを含有する少なくとも1つの軽質炭化水素フラクションと、最低350℃で沸騰する化合物を含有する重質フラクションとに分離する工程;
c) 沈殿物を沈殿させる工程であって、分離工程b)から得られた重質フラクションを、蒸留物留分であって、その最低20重量%が100℃以上の沸点を有する蒸留物留分と、500分以下の期間にわたって、25℃〜350℃の範囲内の温度、および20MPa以下の圧力で接触させる、工程;
d) 沈殿工程c)から得られた重質フラクションから沈殿物を物理的に分離して、沈殿物から分離された重質フラクションを得る工程;
e) ISO 10307−2法により測定される沈殿物含有率:0.1重量%以下を有する重質フラクションを回収する工程であって、工程d)から得られた重質フラクションを、工程c)の間に導入された蒸留物留分から分離することからなる、工程
を含む、方法。 - 工程d)またはe)から得られた重質フラクションの少なくとも一部について行われる固定床水素化処理の工程f)を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 蒸留物留分の最低25重量%は、100℃以上の沸点を有する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 蒸留物留分の最低5重量%は、最低252℃の沸点を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 蒸留物留分は、12個以上の炭素原子を含有する炭化水素を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 蒸留物留分の一部または全部は、分離工程b)または別の精製方法、あるいは別の化学的方法を起源とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 工程e)において分離された蒸留物留分の一部は、沈殿工程c)に再循環させられる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 水素化分解工程a)は、5〜35MPaの水素分圧、330℃〜500℃の温度で操作され、その際の空間速度は、0.05h−1〜5h−1であり、供給原料と混合される水素の量は、50〜5000Nm3/m3である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 水素化分解工程は、混成床の様式で操作する少なくとも1基の反応器において行われる、請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 工程b)から得られた重質フラクションを沈殿させるための工程c)は、不活性ガスおよび/または酸化ガスおよび/または酸化液および/または水素の存在下に行われ、水素は、好ましくは、分離工程b)から得られたものである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 物理的分離工程d)は、フィルタ、分離膜、有機または無機のタイプのろ過固体の床、電気集塵、遠心分離システム、デカント処理、またはエンドレススクリュー抜き出しから選択される少なくとも1つの分離手段を用いて行われる、請求項1〜10のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 工程b)から得られた重質フラクションと称されるフラクションの少なくとも一部は、常圧蒸留によって、少なくとも1つの軽質ナフサ、ケロセンおよび/またはディーゼルタイプの炭化水素フラクションを含有する少なくとも1つの常圧蒸留物と、常圧残渣フラクションとに分画される、請求項1〜11のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 処理される供給原料は、常圧残渣、直留真空残渣、粗製油、抜頭粗製油、脱アスファルト油、脱アスファルト樹脂、アスファルトまたは脱アスファルトピッチ、転化方法から得られた残渣、潤滑ベースの製造ラインから得られた芳香族抽出物、瀝青砂またはそれらの誘導体、および頁岩油またはそれらの誘導体から選択され、それらは、単独でまたは混合物で用いられる、請求項1〜12のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 供給原料は、最低1%のC7アスファルテンと、最低5ppmの金属とを含有する、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 工程d)および/またはe)および/またはf)から得られた重質フラクションは、接触分解からのライトサイクルオイル、接触分解からのヘビーサイクルオイル、接触分解残渣、ケロセン、ディーゼル、真空蒸留物および/またはデカンテッドオイルおよび請求項1〜5のいずれか1つによる蒸留物留分によって構成される群から選択される1種以上のカッターストックと混合されて、燃料油が得られる、請求項1〜14のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
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PCT/EP2016/058747 WO2016192892A1 (fr) | 2015-06-01 | 2016-04-20 | Procede de conversion de charges comprenant une etape d'hydrocraquage, une etape de precipitation et une etape de separation des sediments pour la production de fiouls |
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FR2933709B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-07-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion comprenant une hydroconversion d'une charge, un fractionnement, puis un desasphatage de la fraction residu sous vide |
US20110266198A1 (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-11-03 | H R D Corporation | Bitumen extraction and asphaltene removal from heavy crude using high shear |
PL2348091T3 (pl) * | 2010-01-12 | 2013-04-30 | Ifp Energies Now | Sposób bezpośredniego hydroupłynniania biomasy obejmujący dwa etapy hydrokonwersji na złożu wrzącym |
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US9493710B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2016-11-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for stabilization of heavy hydrocarbons |
US10400184B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2019-09-03 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Hydroprocessing of heavy hydrocarbon feeds using small pore catalysts |
FR2981659B1 (fr) | 2011-10-20 | 2013-11-01 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de conversion de charges petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant et une etape d'hydrotraitement en lit fixe pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre |
FR2983866B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-07 | 2015-01-16 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede d'hydroconversion de charges petrolieres en lits fixes pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre |
FR3000097B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-12-26 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede integre de traitement de charges petrolieres pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre |
FR3000098B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-12-26 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede avec separation de traitement de charges petrolieres pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre |
US9896629B2 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2018-02-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated process to produce asphalt, petroleum green coke, and liquid and gas coking unit products |
-
2015
- 2015-06-01 FR FR1554962A patent/FR3036703B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-04-20 EP EP16719813.4A patent/EP3303522B1/fr active Active
- 2016-04-20 US US15/578,467 patent/US11702603B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 JP JP2017562068A patent/JP6670855B2/ja active Active
- 2016-04-20 KR KR1020177037761A patent/KR102529350B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-04-20 ES ES16719813T patent/ES2728566T3/es active Active
- 2016-04-20 PT PT16719813T patent/PT3303522T/pt unknown
- 2016-04-20 WO PCT/EP2016/058747 patent/WO2016192892A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-04-20 CN CN201680032073.6A patent/CN107849466A/zh active Pending
- 2016-06-01 TW TW105117261A patent/TWI700361B/zh active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2016192892A1 (fr) | 2016-12-08 |
TWI700361B (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
ES2728566T3 (es) | 2019-10-25 |
EP3303522A1 (fr) | 2018-04-11 |
CN107849466A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
PT3303522T (pt) | 2019-06-12 |
KR102529350B1 (ko) | 2023-05-04 |
US11702603B2 (en) | 2023-07-18 |
TW201715033A (zh) | 2017-05-01 |
JP2018520228A (ja) | 2018-07-26 |
EP3303522B1 (fr) | 2019-03-06 |
FR3036703B1 (fr) | 2017-05-26 |
SA517390453B1 (ar) | 2021-06-28 |
US20180134974A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
KR20180014776A (ko) | 2018-02-09 |
FR3036703A1 (fr) | 2016-12-02 |
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