JP6668265B2 - 成形性が改善された高強度鋼板を製造する方法ならびに得られる鋼板 - Google Patents
成形性が改善された高強度鋼板を製造する方法ならびに得られる鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 101
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 101
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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Description
0.1%≦C≦0.4%
4.2%≦Mn≦8.0%
1%≦Si≦3%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.5%
を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避不純物であり、
− 前記鋼でできた圧延鋼板を、鋼のAc3変態点を超える焼鈍温度ATにおいて均熱化することにより焼鈍する工程、
− 少なくとも50%のマルテンサイトおよび少なくとも10%の残留オーステナイトを含有し、フェライトおよびベイナイトの合計が10%未満である組織を得るために、鋼板を鋼のMs変態点からMf変態点の間の焼入れ温度QTまで冷却することによって焼入れする工程、
− 鋼板を300℃から500℃の間の過時効温度PTまで加熱し、鋼板を前記温度において10秒を超える時間Ptの間維持する工程、
− 鋼板を室温まで冷却する工程
を含む、方法に関する。
0.15%≦C≦0.25%
1.4%≦Si≦1.8%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.35%
であるような組成である。
0.15%≦C≦0.25%
4.5%≦Mn≦5.5%
1.4%≦Si≦1.8%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.35%
を含有し、焼鈍温度ATは780℃を超え950℃未満であり、焼入れ温度は130℃から180℃の間であり、過時効時間は100秒から600秒の間である。
0.1%≦C≦0.4%
4.2%≦Mn≦8%
1%≦Si≦3%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.5%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避不純物である鋼でできた高張力鋼板にも関し、鋼は少なくとも50%のマルテンサイト、少なくとも10%の残留オーステナイト、10%未満のフェライトおよびベイナイトの合計を含有する組織を有し、光学顕微鏡で観察した場合に中心偏析がない。
0.15%<C≦0.25%
4.5%≦Mn≦5.5%
1.4%≦Si≦1.8%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.35%
を含有する。
− 十分な強度を得るため、および残留オーステナイトの安定性を改善するための、0.1%≦C≦0.4%、好ましくは0.15%≦Cおよび/またはC≦0.25%であるC。炭素含量が高すぎる場合、溶接性が低下する。
− 4.2%≦Mn≦8.0%。オーステナイトのMnをより富化することによって、およびオーステナイト結晶粒径を減少させることによって、残留オーステナイトの安定性を改善するために、Mn含量は4.2%を超える。オーステナイト結晶粒径の減少は、炭素およびマンガンをマルテンサイトからオーステナイトへ移動させるのに必要な拡散距離を減少させ、したがってこれらの元素が過時効工程の間に拡散するのを速くするという利点がある。さらに、4.2%を超えるマンガン含量はMs変態点、Ac1変態点およびAc3変態点を低下させ、それによって熱処理の達成がより容易になる。好ましくはMn含量は4.5%を超える。しかし、延性を過度に低下させないために、マンガン含量は8%未満、好ましくは5.5%未満を維持する必要がある。
− Si≧1%、好ましくはSi≧1.4%、およびSi≦3%、好ましくはSi≦1.8%。ケイ素は、オーステナイトを安定化させる、固溶強化させる、および、マルテンサイトからオーステナイトへ炭素が再分配される間に炭化物の形成を遅らせるのに有用である。しかしケイ素含量が高すぎると、酸化ケイ素が鋼板の表面に形成されることになりこのことは被覆性および延性に対して悪影響を与える。
− 0.2%≦Mo≦0.5%。高いマンガン含量によって生じることがあり伸びフランジ性に対して悪影響を与える中心偏析を減少させるために、Moは0.2%を超えるべきである。0.5%を超えると、モリブデンは延性に対して悪影響を与える可能性がある過剰な炭化物を形成する場合がある。好ましくは、Mo含量は0.35%以下である。
Ms=539−423×C−30.4×Mn−12.1×Cr−7.5×Mo−7.5×Si
および
fα’=1−exp{−0.011×(Ms−T)}
を使用して計算でき、fα’は焼入れの間の温度Tにおけるマルテンサイトの割合である。
Claims (10)
- 重量パーセントで
0.1%≦C≦0.4%
4.5%≦Mn≦5.5%
1%≦Si≦3%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.5%
を含有する化学組成を有し、残部はFeおよび不可避不純物である、鋼でできた鋼板を製造する方法であって、
− 該鋼でできた圧延鋼板を、鋼のAc3変態点を超える焼鈍温度ATにおいて均熱化することにより焼鈍する工程、
− 少なくとも50%のマルテンサイトおよび少なくとも10%の残留オーステナイトを含有し、フェライトおよびベイナイトの合計が10%未満である最終的な組織を得るために、鋼板を282℃から97℃の間の焼入れ温度QTまで冷却することによって焼入れする工程、
− 鋼板を300℃から500℃の間の過時効温度PTまで加熱し、鋼板を過時効温度において10秒を超える過時効時間Ptの間維持する工程、
− 鋼板を周囲温度まで冷却する工程
を含む、方法。 - 鋼の化学組成が
0.15%≦C≦0.25%
1.4%≦Si≦1.8%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.35%
であるような組成であり、焼鈍温度ATが780℃を超え950℃未満であり、焼入れ温度QTが130℃から180℃の間であり、過時効時間Ptが100秒から600秒の間であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 最終的な組織が以下の条件:
− マルテンサイトの含量が少なくとも65%である、
− 残留オーステナイトの含量が少なくとも20%である、
− フェライトおよびベイナイトの合計が5%未満である
のうち1つ以上を満たすように、鋼板が焼入れ温度QTまで冷却されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 鋼板がさらに被覆されることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 鋼板が合金化を伴うまたは伴わない溶融めっきによって被覆され、被覆が鋼板を周囲温度まで冷却する前に行われることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 化学組成が重量パーセントで
0.1%≦C≦0.4%
4.5%≦Mn≦5.5%
1%≦Si≦3%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.5%
を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避不純物である鋼でできた鋼板であって、鋼が50%を超えるマルテンサイト、10%を超える残留オーステナイト、10%未満のフェライトおよびベイナイトの合計を含有する組織を有し、光学顕微鏡で観察した場合に中心偏析を含まない、鋼板。 - 鋼の化学組成が
0.15%≦C≦0.25%
1.4%≦Si≦1.8%
0.2%≦Mo≦0.35%
であるような組成であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の鋼板。 - 降伏強度YSが1000MPa以上であり、引張強度が1300MPa以上であり、一様伸びUEが10%以上であり、全伸びが13%以上であり、穴広げ率HERが15%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の鋼板。
- 組織が以下の条件:
− マルテンサイトの含量が少なくとも65%である、
− 残留オーステナイトの含量が少なくとも20%である、
− フェライトおよびベイナイトの合計が5%未満である
のうち1つ以上を満たすことを特徴とする、請求項6から8のいずれか一項に記載の鋼板。 - 鋼板の少なくとも1つの面が被覆されていることを特徴とする、請求項6から9のいずれか一項に記載の鋼板。
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