JP6643993B2 - 膵島様細胞構造体及びそれを調製する方法 - Google Patents
膵島様細胞構造体及びそれを調製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6643993B2 JP6643993B2 JP2016539196A JP2016539196A JP6643993B2 JP 6643993 B2 JP6643993 B2 JP 6643993B2 JP 2016539196 A JP2016539196 A JP 2016539196A JP 2016539196 A JP2016539196 A JP 2016539196A JP 6643993 B2 JP6643993 B2 JP 6643993B2
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Description
(i)成体肝臓由来ヒト成熟肝細胞を細胞培養培地中で成熟肝細胞死が起こり、類上皮形態を有する生存細胞集団の選択が行われるまで培養する工程と、
(ii)類上皮形態を有する生存細胞集団を、哺乳動物細胞の成長に必要とされる通常の無機塩、アミノ酸及びビタミンを含む、hEGF(ヒト上皮成長因子)及びbFGF(塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子)を補充した血清含有グルコース含有培養培地中で培養することによって増殖させる工程と、
を含み、特に成熟肝細胞を凍結保護剤の存在下において血清含有培養培地中で凍結した後、工程(i)による培養前に融解する方法によって単離される。
1.1 HLSCの単離、特性化及び培養
肝切除を受ける患者の健常肝組織からHLSC系列を単離し、以前に記載されているように特性化する(非特許文献4)。具体的には、HLSCを75cm3容培養フラスコに播種し、2mM L−グルタミン、100UI/mlのペニシリン/100μg/mlのストレプトマイシン及び10%ウシ胎仔血清を補充した3対1の比率のα−最小必須培地及び内皮細胞基本培地−1を含有する培地(表1を参照されたい)中で培養する。細胞を37℃の加湿5%CO2インキュベーター内で維持する。
ほぼ80%のコンフルエンスに達した後、細胞をPBSで2回洗浄し、トリプシン−EDTA 1×とともに37℃で約5分間インキュベートして細胞分離を誘導する。続いて、2mMのL−グルタミン、100UI/mlのペニシリン/100μg/mlのストレプトマイシン及び10%ウシ胎仔血清を補充したRPMIを添加することによってトリプシン活性を中和する。次いで、細胞を1200rpmで5分間の遠心分離によって採取し、上清を除去し、ペレットを培養培地に再懸濁し、5つの75cm3容培養フラスコに分ける。
ほぼ80%のコンフルエンスに達した細胞を1.2項に記載のように分離し、遠心分離によって採取する。細胞を計数し、1バイアル当たり106個の細胞を凍結保存する。細胞ペレットを、90%FBS及び10%ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を含有する1ml溶液に再懸濁し、予め冷却したクライオバイアル(複数の場合もあり)に入れる。クライオバイアルを−80℃で一晩凍結した後、−196℃の液体窒素容器に入れる。
凍結されたHLSCのバイアルを液体窒素タンクから取り出し、37℃に予め温めた水のビーカーに入れる。細胞懸濁液が完全に融解した後、10mlの滅菌培地を含む滅菌50ml容ファルコンチューブに入れ、1200rpmで5分間遠心分離する。次いで、細胞ペレットを培養培地に再懸濁し、3つの75cm3容培養フラスコに分け、加湿5%CO2インキュベーターにおいて37℃で一晩付着させる。培地を翌日交換する。
HLSCを25cm3容培養フラスコ又は100×20mmペトリ皿内の10%ウシ胎仔血清、11.6mMのグルコース、10μg/mlの塩化プロタミン(正:protamine)、2mMのL−グルタミン及び100UI/mlのペニシリン/100μg/mlのストレプトマイシンを補充したRPMI1640又はDMEMで構成される分化培養培地1(表1を参照されたい)に1cm2当たり12×103の密度で播種する。細胞を、4日間にわたって培地を交換することなく37℃の加湿5%CO2インキュベーター内に置く。5日目に、培地を10%FBS、11.6mMのグルコース、2mMのL−グルタミン及び100UI/mlのペニシリン/100μg/mlのストレプトマイシンを補充したRPMI1640又はDMEMで構成される分化培養培地2(表3を参照されたい)に取り替える。培地をその後1日おきに交換する。2日〜4日以内に細胞は膵島様構造体を組織化し始め、14日〜18日後に最大数に達することが期待される(図1)。
本発明のまた別の態様は、以下のとおりであってもよい。
〔1〕単離成体幹細胞に由来する分化細胞を含み、直径が50μm〜250μm、好ましくは50μm〜200μmであることを特徴とする、人工的に成長させたスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔2〕IEQ/100 ILSとして表される容積が30μm〜200μm、好ましくは50μm〜130μmである、前記〔1〕に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔3〕前記分化細胞がインスリン、グルカゴン、膵臓ポリペプチド、ソマトスタチン、グレリンからなる群から選択される膵臓ホルモン、及びそれらの任意の組合せ又はそれら全てを発現する、前記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔4〕各々がインスリン、グルカゴン、膵臓ポリペプチド、ソマトスタチン及びグレリンからなる群から選択される膵臓ホルモンを発現する分化細胞の混合物を含む、前記〔3〕に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔5〕前記分化細胞がPDX−1、NgN3、C−ペプチド、Glut−2、コラーゲンIV、ヴォンヴィレブランド因子からなる群から選択されるマーカー、及びそれらの任意の組合せ又はそれら全てを発現する、前記〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれか一項に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔6〕前記成体幹細胞がヒト肝幹細胞(HLSC)である、前記〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれか一項に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔7〕ポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地中で成体幹細胞を培養する工程を含む、スフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体を調製する方法。
〔8〕前記ポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地中で成体幹細胞を培養する工程を2日〜4日間にわたって行う、前記〔7〕に記載の方法。
〔9〕前記ポリカチオン性物質がプロタミンの可溶性塩である、前記〔7〕又は〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔10〕前記プロタミンの可溶性塩がプロタミン硫酸塩又はプロタミン塩酸塩である、前記〔9〕に記載の方法。
〔11〕前記プロタミン硫酸塩又はプロタミン塩酸塩が5mM〜20mMの範囲内に含まれる濃度である、前記〔10〕に記載の方法。
〔12〕前記ポリカチオン性物質がポリリジンである、前記〔7〕〜〔11〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔13〕前記ポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地を、ポリカチオン性物質を含まない第2の分化液体細胞培養培地に取り替えるとともに、完全分化細胞が得られるまで培養する工程を更に含む、前記〔7〕〜〔12〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔14〕前記ポリカチオン性物質を含まない第2の分化液体細胞培養培地中で培養する工程を少なくとも2日間にわたって行う、前記〔13〕に記載の方法。
〔15〕前記成体幹細胞がヒト肝幹細胞である、前記〔7〕〜〔14〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
〔16〕成体幹細胞に由来する分化細胞を含み、前記〔7〕〜〔15〕のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得ることができる、スフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔17〕膵島移植による糖尿病の治療に使用される、前記〔1〕〜〔6〕又は〔16〕のいずれか一項に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体。
〔18〕膵島細胞による1つ若しくは複数の膵臓ホルモンの発現を促進することが可能な物質を同定するため、又は膵島細胞に対して細胞傷害効果を及ぼすことが可能な物質を同定するためのin vitroスクリーニング法における前記〔1〕〜〔6〕又は〔16〕のいずれか一項に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体の使用。
〔19〕被験体に前記〔1〕〜〔6〕又は〔16〕のいずれか一項に記載のスフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体を移植する工程を含む、被験体において血中グルコースレベルを低下させる方法。
Claims (6)
- プロタミンの可溶性塩及びポリリジンから選ばれるポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地中でヒト肝幹細胞(HLSC)を培養する工程を含む、スフェロイド膵島様細胞構造体を調製する方法。
- 前記ポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地中で幹細胞を培養する工程を2日〜4日間にわたって行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プロタミンの可溶性塩がプロタミン硫酸塩又はプロタミン塩酸塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プロタミン硫酸塩又はプロタミン塩酸塩が5mM〜20mMの範囲内に含まれる濃度である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリカチオン性物質を含む第1の分化液体細胞培養培地を、ポリカチオン性物質を含まない第2の分化液体細胞培養培地に取り替えるとともに、完全分化細胞が得られるまで培養する工程を更に含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリカチオン性物質を含まない第2の分化液体細胞培養培地中で培養する工程を少なくとも2日間にわたって行う、請求項5に記載の方法。
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