JP6637419B2 - プリン体吸収を抑制する乳酸菌及びその用途 - Google Patents
プリン体吸収を抑制する乳酸菌及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6637419B2 JP6637419B2 JP2016531383A JP2016531383A JP6637419B2 JP 6637419 B2 JP6637419 B2 JP 6637419B2 JP 2016531383 A JP2016531383 A JP 2016531383A JP 2016531383 A JP2016531383 A JP 2016531383A JP 6637419 B2 JP6637419 B2 JP 6637419B2
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- Prior art keywords
- purine
- lactic acid
- adenine
- strain
- conversion
- Prior art date
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Description
[1] アデニン、5-ホスホ-D-リボース-1-二リン酸、及びMg2+を含む溶液中で、乳酸菌を培養し、それにより得られるアデニンのアデニル酸への変換活性を指標として、ラクトバチルス・ガセリATCC 33323株と比較して、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換能が増強された乳酸菌をスクリーニングする方法。
[2] 5'-ヌクレオチダーゼ活性を測定し、ラクトバチルス・ガセリATCC 33323株と比較して該活性が低下した乳酸菌を選抜することをさらに含む、上記[1]に記載の方法。
[3] 乳酸菌がラクトバチルス属菌である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載の方法。
[4] 溶液が緩衝液である、上記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[6] アデニンのアデニル酸への変換用又はグアニンのグアニル酸への変換用の、上記[5]に記載の変換剤。
[7] 乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株(受託番号NITE BP-224)である、上記[5]又は[6]に記載の変換剤。
[9] 血清尿酸値低減用の、上記[8]に記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[10] 血清尿酸値低減が、腸管でのアデニンのアデニル酸への変換促進及びグアニンのグアニル酸への変換促進を伴う、上記[9]に記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[11] 6〜8mg/dLの血清尿酸値を示すヒト被験体を投与対象とする、上記[9]又は[10]に記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[12] 前記の乳酸菌を1用量当たり1×108〜1010 cfu含む、上記[8]〜[11]のいずれかに記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[14] アデニンからアデニル酸を生成させるか、又はグアニンからグアニル酸を生成させるための、上記[13]に記載の方法。
本明細書は本願の優先権主張の基礎となる日本国特許出願 特願2014-134973号、特願2014-234050号及び特願2015-064201号の内容を包含する。
プリン体は、プリン骨格を有する物質の総称であり、プリン塩基、プリンヌクレオシド、及びプリンヌクレオチドに分類される。プリン体は、生体の主に細胞内で様々な機能を果たしており、例えば、核酸の構成成分として遺伝情報の伝達を担っている。主なプリン塩基としては、アデニン、グアニン、ヒポキサンチン及びキサンチンがある。プリンヌクレオシドはプリン塩基に糖が結合した化合物であり、リボースが結合したアデノシン、グアノシン、イノシン及びキサントシン、デオキシリボースが結合したデオキシアデノシン、デオキシグアノシン、デオキシイノシン及びデオキシキサントシンが挙げられる。プリンヌクレオチドはプリンヌクレオシドにリン酸が結合した化合物であり、アデニル酸(AMP)、グアニル酸(GMP)、イノシン酸(IMP)及びキサンチル酸(XMP)が挙げられる。
・移動相:A:20mM リン酸緩衝液(pH7.5)
B:40mM リン酸緩衝液(pH7.5)/アセトニトリル(1:1)
・カラム:SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK C18 MG2(2.0mm id×150mm)
・流速: 0.2mL/分
・温度: 40℃
・注入量:5μl
・検出波長: 254nm(UV)
・グラジエントA/B(分):100/0(0分)−100/0(5分)−80/20(20分)[%]
HPLC法による定量の場合、反応液中のアデニン及びアデニル酸の量は、HPLCチャートのピーク下面積値を測定することにより相対値として算出することができる。各反応停止時点のアデニンのアデニル酸(AMP)への変換率を以下の式で算出することができる。
変換率(%)=(試験区のAMPのピーク下面積値−対照区のAMPのピーク下面積値)/(試験区の0分時点のアデニンのピーク下面積値−対照区の0分時点のアデニンのピーク下面積値)
[a1] プリン体を含む培地における乳酸菌のプリン体の取り込み量を測定し、それを指標としてプリン体の捕捉作用を有する乳酸菌を選抜することを含む、乳酸菌のスクリーニング方法。
[a2] プリン体がアデニン、アデノシン、及びアデニル酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つである、[a1]に記載の方法。
[a3] プリン体がアデニンである、[a1]又は[a2]に記載の方法。
[a4] プリン体が放射性同位体で標識されている、[a1]〜[a3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[a5] プリン体を含む培地における前記の乳酸菌の増殖量を測定し、それを前記のプリン体の取り込み量と共に指標としてプリン体の捕捉作用を有する乳酸菌を選抜することを含む、[a1]〜[a4]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[a6] 乳酸菌がラクトバチルス・ガセリ菌である、[a1]〜[a5]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[a8] [a1]〜[a6]のいずれかに記載の方法によって得られるプリン体の捕捉作用を有する乳酸菌を有効成分として含む、プリン体捕捉剤。
[a9] 血清尿酸値の低減用である、[a8]に記載のプリン体捕捉剤。
[a10] 乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株(受託番号NITE AP-224)である、[a8]又は[a9]に記載のプリン体捕捉剤。
[a12] 腸管内のプリン体の低減用である、[a11]に記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[a13] 6〜8mg/dLの血清尿酸値を示すヒトの被験体を投与対象とする、[a11]又は[a12]に記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
[a14] 前記の乳酸菌を1用量当たり1×108〜1×1010 cfuで含む、[a11]〜[a13]のいずれかに記載の飲食品又は医薬品。
(1)乳酸菌の調製
乳酸菌として、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)OLL2959株菌、及びラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)ATCC 33323株菌を使用した。ラクトバチルス・ガセリ基準株であるATCC 33323株菌は、ATCC(American Type Culture Collection)からカタログ番号ATCC 33323で入手でき、また、独立行政法人理化学研究所バイオリソースセンター(RIKEN BRC)微生物材料開発室(Japan Collection of Microorganisms)(RIKEN BRC-JCM)からカタログ番号JCM 1131Tで入手することもできる。
(1)で調製した乳酸菌について、アデニンを基質として用いて、アデニンをアデニル酸(AMP)に変換する活性を測定した。
・移動相:A:20mM リン酸緩衝液(pH7.5)
B:40mM リン酸緩衝液(pH7.5)/アセトニトリル(1:1)
・カラム:SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK C18 MG2(2.0mm id×150mm)
・流速: 0.2mL/分
・温度: 40℃
・注入量:5μl
・検出波長: 254nm(UV)
・グラジエントA/B(分):100/0(0分)−100/0(5分)−80/20(20分)[%]
反応液中のアデニン及びAMPの定量は、HPLCチャートのピーク下面積値を測定することにより行った。各反応停止時点におけるアデニンのAMPへの変換率を以下の式で算出した。
変換率(%)=(試験区のAMPのピーク下面積値−対照区のAMPのピーク下面積値)/(試験区の0分時点のアデニンのピーク下面積値−対照区の0分時点のアデニンのピーク下面積値)
サルベージ経路には、アデニンをAMPに変換する経路の他、グアニンをグアニル酸(GMP)に変換する経路、ヒポキサンチンをイノシン酸(IMP)に変換する経路、及びキサンチンをキサンチル酸(XMP)に変換する経路も存在する。ヒトなどの哺乳動物及び乳酸菌では、アデニンのAMPへの変換を触媒する酵素APRTは、グアニンのGMPへの変換にも関与すると考えられている。一方、哺乳動物及び乳酸菌において、ヒポキサンチンのIMPへの変換、及びキサンチンのXMPへの変換には、ヒポキサンチン−グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼが関与している。なお乳酸菌では、キサンチンのXMPへの変換及びグアニンのGMPへの変換には、キサンチンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼも関与することが知られている。
(1)プリンヌクレオシダーゼ活性の測定
特許文献1に示すように、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株は、イノシンやグアノシンなどのプリンヌクレオシドに対する高い分解能を有する。そこで、プリンヌクレオシドのプリン塩基への分解活性として、プリンヌクレオシダーゼ活性を測定した。
プリン塩基からサルベージ活性により変換されたプリンヌクレオチドは、5'-ヌクレオチダーゼ活性によりヌクレオシドに変換される。そこでラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株について5'-ヌクレオチダーゼ活性を測定した。
軽度〜境界域の高尿酸血症が疑われるヒト被験者に、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株を継続的に摂取させ、プラセボ対照二重盲検比較試験により、尿酸値への影響について検討した(ヒト試験)。
本実施例では高尿酸血症と痛風の通院治療中の患者を被験者として、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri;ガセリ菌)OLL2959株を摂取させ、血清尿酸値に対する効果を評価した。無作為化プラセボ対照二重盲検並行群間試験を実施した。
被験者が摂取する試験食品(被験食品又は対照食品)は、以下のようにして製造した。ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株を含む被験食品は、ヨーグルトスターターであるラクトバチルス・ブルガリクス(Lactobcillus bulgaricus)とストレプトコッカス・サーモフィラス(Streptococcus thermophilus)の2種類の菌と、有効成分であるラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株(8.5×107cfu/mL)とを含むヨーグルトを調製し、それを1本当たり100g充填したペットボトル入り飲料を製造した。
試験参加の同意を得た、高尿酸血症と痛風を発症しており尿酸降下薬を服用中の20歳以上の患者(被験者)について、血清尿酸値測定を含む事前検査を行い、尿酸降下薬について4週間の休薬を実施させた。
放射性同位体(RI)で標識したプリン体を用いて、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri;ガセリ菌)OLL2959株のプリン体の取り込み能について評価した。
プリン体の存在下においてラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株を培養し、プリン体の存在下における増殖能について評価した。
アデニン存在下においてラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株及び他のラクトバチルス・ガセリ菌株を培養し、それぞれのアデニンの取り込み能とアデニンの存在下における増殖能について比較した。
乳酸菌によるプリン体の取り込み能が高い場合、動物の被験体に乳酸菌とプリン体を同時に投与する(摂取させる)と、プリン体単独を摂取させたときと比較して、被験体におけるプリン体の吸収が抑えられると考えられる。そこで、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ菌のプリン体の取り込み能を試験するため、以下の手順で、動物実験を行った。
(1)アデニンの取り込み能の比較試験
放射性同位体(RI)で標識したアデニン(14C-アデニン)を含む培地で、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株と、ラクトバチルス・ガセリJCM1130株を培養し、アデニンの取り込み能について、乳酸菌株の種類の影響を比較した。なお、ラクトバチルス・ガセリJCM1130株は、理化学研究所バイオリソースセンター 微生物材料開発室(RIKEN BRC JCM;茨城県つくば市、日本)から、JCM1130として入手することができる。
アデニンの存在下において、ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株と、ラクトバチルス・ガセリJCM1130株を培養し、菌体の増殖能について、乳酸菌株の種類の影響を比較した。
Claims (8)
- アデニン、5-ホスホ-D-リボース-1-二リン酸、及びMg2+を含む溶液中で、乳酸菌を培養し、それにより得られるアデニンのアデニル酸への変換活性を指標として、ラクトバチルス・ガセリATCC 33323株と比較して、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換能が増強された乳酸菌をスクリーニングする方法。
- アデニン、5-ホスホ-D-リボース-1-二リン酸、及びMg2+を含む溶液中で、乳酸菌を培養し、それにより得られるアデニンのアデニル酸への変換活性を指標として、ラクトバチルス・ガセリATCC 33323株と比較して、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換能が増強された乳酸菌を選抜すること、及び、5'-ヌクレオチダーゼ活性を測定し、ラクトバチルス・ガセリATCC 33323株と比較して該活性が低下した乳酸菌を選抜することを含み、それにより、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換能が増強され、かつ5'-ヌクレオチダーゼ活性が低下した乳酸菌をスクリーニングする方法。
- 乳酸菌がラクトバチルス属菌である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 溶液が緩衝液である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ラクトバチルス・ガセリOLL2959株(受託番号NITE BP-224)である乳酸菌を有効成分として含む、プリン塩基のプリンヌクレオチドへの変換剤を、in vitroで5-ホスホ-D-リボース-1-二リン酸及びMg2+の存在下でプリン塩基と反応させることにより、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドを生成させる方法。
- アデニンからアデニル酸を生成させるか、又はグアニンからグアニル酸を生成させるための、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって、プリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換能が増強された乳酸菌を取得し、得られた乳酸菌を有効成分として含むプリン塩基のプリンヌクレオチドへの変換剤を含む飲食品又は医薬品を製造することを含む、腸管でのプリン塩基からプリンヌクレオチドへの変換を促進するための飲食品又は医薬品の製造方法。
- 前記飲食品又は医薬品が、アデニンのアデニル酸への変換又はグアニンのグアニル酸への変換を促進するためのものである、請求項7に記載の方法。
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