JP6608497B1 - プラスチック複合材の分解方法 - Google Patents
プラスチック複合材の分解方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 19
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/16—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material
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- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
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Abstract
Description
各種の触媒を用いてプラスチック複合材を分解する試験を行った。プラスチック複合材としては、サイズが幅30mm×長さ200mm×高さ12mmであり、マトリックス樹脂がエポキシ樹脂のカーボン繊維強化樹脂を用いた。触媒としては、試験例1は触媒を用いず、試験例2はハニカム型脱硝触媒(TiO2/V2O5/WO3またはMoO3の三元触媒で、セルのサイズは6.4mm×6.4mm×10mm)を用いた。試験例3はTiO2粒状触媒(堺化学社製のCS−200S−24。直径:2〜4mm)をそのまま用いた。試験例4は、CuO(関東化学社製の特級試薬)を、加圧成形後、破砕して直径2〜4mmの粒状に整流後、使用した。
実施例1と同じ素材のプラスチック複合材2gに対し、この表面に、異なるバンドギャップを有するCr2O3、CuO、アモルファスα−Al2O3(アルファ型のアルミナ)、V2O5、TiO2(アナターゼ型)の各粒状触媒(直径2〜4mm)5gを載せて、それぞれ設定温度を400℃として、保持時間1.5時間で、大気雰囲気下で試験を行った。また、比較例として、触媒を載せなかった場合についても同様の条件で試験を行った。その結果を図9に示す。なお、図9のグラフの縦軸は、重量減少率(%)ではなく、触媒なしの比較例における重量減少率を1とした場合の各触媒における重量減少率の比である、重量減少率比(単位:なし)とした。
TiO2系触媒である実施例1の試験例2のハニカム型脱硝触媒について、反応器の設定温度を400℃とした点と、ガス(O2:21vol%、H2O:1.38vol%、N2:残部)を1NL/分の流量で流した点と、保持時間を4.5時間とした点と、試験中のプラスチック複合材の重量を連続的に計測した点を除いて、実施例1と同様の条件で試験を行った。なお、比較例として、触媒を載せなかった場合についても同様の条件で試験を行った。その結果を図10に示す。なお、図10のグラフの右縦軸は、触媒なしの比較例における試験前のプラスチック複合材の重量に対する昇温時間200分後のプラスチック複合材の重量の変化を1とした場合の、実施例における試験前のプラスチック複合材の重量に対する昇温時間200分後のプラスチック複合材の重量の変化の比である、重量変化比(単位:なし)とした。
実施例1と同じ素材のプラスチック複合材を、幅30mm×長さ30mm×高さ12mmのサイズとし、これに、実施例1の試験例2のハニカム型脱硝触媒を、表面のみに配置する場合、表面と裏面の両面に配置する場合、層状面である4側面に配置する場合について、ガス(O2:21vol%、H2O:1.38vol%、N2:残部)を1NL/分の流量で流した点を除き、実施例1と同じ条件下で設定温度を500℃として試験を行った。また、比較例として、触媒のない場合についても同様の条件で試験を行った。その結果を図11に示す。なお、グラフの縦軸は、各試験例において、時間当たりの重量減少率である分解速度定数を求め、比較例の分解速度定数を1とした場合の各試験例の比を表した。
11 表面
12 層状面
13 裏面
20 触媒
21 ハニカム型触媒のセル
22 粒状触媒
23 はみ出し部分
30 プラスチック複合材に触媒を接触させた処理対象物
41 反応器
42 輸送手段
43 メッシュ板
44 回収手段
Claims (5)
- プラスチック複合材の分解方法であって、反応器内でプラスチック複合材とバンドギャップが4eV以下である無機酸化物の触媒とを接触させ、前記反応器内の雰囲気温度を酸素存在下で380〜530℃に設定し、前記プラスチック複合材の表面温度を480〜650℃であって、前記雰囲気温度よりも50℃以上高い温度にし、
前記触媒は、粒状触媒であり、前記プラスチック複合材の表面および裏面にわたって前記粒状触媒を敷き詰めるとともに、前記プラスチック複合材の層状面の全て又は一部の面を覆うようにして、前記プラスチック複合材と接触させる、プラスチック複合材の分解方法。 - プラスチック複合材の分解方法であって、反応器内でプラスチック複合材とバンドギャップが4eV以下である無機酸化物の触媒とを接触させ、前記反応器内の雰囲気温度を酸素存在下で380〜530℃に設定し、前記プラスチック複合材の表面温度を480〜650℃であって、前記雰囲気温度よりも50℃以上高い温度にし、
前記触媒は、ハニカム型触媒であり、前記プラスチック複合材の層状面である4つの面を全て前記ハニカム型触媒で囲むようにして、前記プラスチック複合材と接触させる、プラスチック複合材の分解方法。 - 前記反応器内の雰囲気温度が380〜450℃である、請求項1又は2に記載のプラスチック複合材の分解方法。
- 前記バンドギャップが4eV以下である無機酸化物は、チタン酸化物、バナジウム酸化物、タングステン酸化物、モリブデン酸化物、銅酸化物からなる群より選ばれる1種または2種以上の組み合わせである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプラスチック複合材の分解方法。
- 前記反応器内で、ステンレス鋼製のメッシュ板の一部分に、前記プラスチック複合材および前記触媒を積載し、前記メッシュ板の下方から酸素を供給する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプラスチック複合材の分解方法。
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CN201980031933.8A CN112105685B (zh) | 2018-08-22 | 2019-08-19 | 塑料复合材料的分解方法 |
PCT/JP2019/032253 WO2020040081A1 (ja) | 2018-08-22 | 2019-08-19 | プラスチック複合材の分解方法 |
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