JP6541873B2 - リチウム二次電池用電解液およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用電解液およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6541873B2 JP6541873B2 JP2018509518A JP2018509518A JP6541873B2 JP 6541873 B2 JP6541873 B2 JP 6541873B2 JP 2018509518 A JP2018509518 A JP 2018509518A JP 2018509518 A JP2018509518 A JP 2018509518A JP 6541873 B2 JP6541873 B2 JP 6541873B2
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- electrolyte
- lithium secondary
- secondary battery
- lithium
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Description
電解質塩と有機溶媒とを含むリチウム二次電池用電解液であって、
前記電解液は、下記化学式1で表される化合物を電解液添加剤としてさらに含むリチウム二次電池用電解液を提供する。
Rは、炭素数1〜3の直鎖状または分岐鎖状アルキレン基であり、
R1は、炭素数1〜5の直鎖状または分岐鎖状アルキレン基、または炭素数5〜8のアリーレン基であり、
nは、0〜10の整数である。
正極と、負極と、前記正極と負極との間に介在されたセパレータと、
本発明のリチウム二次電池用電解液とを含むリチウム二次電池を提供する。
具体的には、本発明の一実施例では、
電解質塩と有機溶媒とを含むリチウム二次電池用電解液であって、
前記電解液は、下記化学式1で表される化合物を電解液添加剤としてさらに含むリチウム二次電池用電解液を提供する。
Rは、炭素数1〜3の直鎖状または分岐鎖状アルキレン基であり、
R1は、炭素数1〜5の直鎖状または分岐鎖状アルキレン基、または炭素数5〜8のアリーレン基であり、
nは、0〜10の整数である。
より具体的には、前記Rは、炭素数1〜3の直鎖状アルキレン基であり、R1は、炭素数5〜8のアリーレン基であり、nは0〜5の整数である。
また、本発明では、正極と、負極と、前記正極と負極との間に介在されたセパレータと、電解液とを含むリチウム二次電池であって、前記電解液として本発明のリチウム二次電池用電解液を備えたリチウム二次電池を提供する。
実施例
実施例1
(負極の製造)
天然黒鉛98重量%、スチレン‐ブタジエンゴム(SBR)バインダー(ZEON)1.0重量%およびカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC、NIPPON A&L)1.0重量%を混合した後、蒸留水に投入し、機械式攪拌機を使用して60分間攪拌し、負極活物質スラリーを製造した。前記スラリーを、ドクターブレードを使用して厚さ10μmの銅集電体上に約60μmの厚さで塗布し、100℃の熱風乾燥機で0.5時間乾燥した後、真空、120℃の条件で4時間また乾燥し、圧延(roll press)して負極板を製造した。
Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O297.45重量%、人造黒鉛(SFG6、Timcal)粉末0.5重量%、カーボンブラック(Ketjenblack、ECP)0.7重量%、改質アクリロニトリルゴム(BM‐720H、Zeon Corporation)0.25重量%、ポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVdF、S6020、Solvay)1.1重量%を混合し、N‐メチル‐2‐ピロリドン溶媒に投入した後、機械式攪拌機を使用して30分間攪拌して正極活物質スラリーを製造した。前記スラリーを、ドクターブレードを使用して厚さ20μmのアルミニウム集電体上に約60μmの厚さで塗布し、100℃の熱風乾燥機で0.5時間乾燥した後、真空、120℃の条件で4時間また乾燥し、圧延(roll press)して正極板を製造した。
1.0M LiPF6を含有する非水系溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)およびジエチルカーボネート(DEC)=3:5:2vol%)に添加剤として前記化学式1aで表される化合物0.2重量%を添加し、有機電解液を製造した。
前記で製造した正極と負極との間に、セラミックがコーティングされた厚さ14μmの多孔性ポリエチレンのセパレーターを介在して電極組立体を製造し、前記電極組立体をケースの内部に配置した後、ケースの内部に前記製造された電解液を注入してリチウム二次電池を製造した。
電解液添加剤として、前記化学式1aで表される化合物の代わりに化学式1bで表される化合物を3重量%含む以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法で電解液およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
電解液添加剤を含まない以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法で電解液およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
電解液添加剤として、前記化学式1aで表される化合物を0.02重量%含む以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法で電解液およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
電解液添加剤として、前記化学式1aで表される化合物を7.3重量%含む以外は、前記実施例1と同様の方法で電解液およびリチウム二次電池を製造した。
実験例1:高温貯蔵(60℃)に対する容量低下の測定
前記実施例1および2と比較例1〜3で製造されたそれぞれのリチウム二次電池を、25℃でSOC100%に充電してからセルを60℃のチャンバー(chamber)に貯蔵した後、保管期間による容量低下挙動を測定し、その結果を下記図1に示した。
前記実施例1および2と比較例1〜3で製造されたそれぞれのリチウム二次電池を、25℃でSOC100%に充電してからセルを60℃チャンバー(chamber)に貯蔵した後、保管期間によるガス発生によるセルの厚さ変化を確認し、その結果を下記図2に示した。
Claims (9)
- 前記化学式1中、Rは、炭素数1〜3の直鎖状アルキレン基であり、R1は、炭素数5〜8のアリーレン基であり、nは、0〜5の整数であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解質塩は、(i)Li+、Na+およびK+からなる群から選択された少なくとも一つのカチオンと、(ii)PF6 −、BF4 −、Cl−、Br−、I−、ClO4 −、AsF6 −、B10Cl10 −、CH3CO2 −、CF3SO3 − 、SbF6 −、AlCl4 −、AlO4 −、CH3SO3 −、N(CF3SO2)2 −およびC(CF2SO2)3 −からなる群から選択された少なくとも一つのアニオンとの組み合わせで構成されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解質塩は、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCH3CO2、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、LiAlO4、LiCH3SO3、クロロボランリチウム、低級脂肪族カルボン酸リチウム、およびテトラフェニルホウ酸リチウムからなる群から選択された単一物またはこれらの2種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解質塩は、リチウムビスパーフルオロエタンスルホイミド(LiN(C2F5SO2)2)、リチウムフルオロメタンスルホイミドおよびリチウム(ビス)トリフルオロメタンスルホイミド(LiN(CF3SO2)2)からなる群から選択された単一物または2種以上の混合物をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記電解質塩は、0.8M〜1.5Mの濃度で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記有機溶媒は、環状カーボネート溶媒、直鎖状カーボネート溶媒、エステル溶媒およびケトン溶媒からなる群から選択された単一溶液またはこれらの2種以上の混合溶液を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 正極と、負極と、前記正極と負極との間に介在されたセパレータと、電解液とを含むリチウム二次電池であって、
前記電解液は、請求項1に記載の二次電池用電解液であることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池。
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