JP6476155B2 - センス鎖中の一般塩基またはミスマッチを使用したsiRNAサイレンシング活性の亢進 - Google Patents
センス鎖中の一般塩基またはミスマッチを使用したsiRNAサイレンシング活性の亢進 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6476155B2 JP6476155B2 JP2016189465A JP2016189465A JP6476155B2 JP 6476155 B2 JP6476155 B2 JP 6476155B2 JP 2016189465 A JP2016189465 A JP 2016189465A JP 2016189465 A JP2016189465 A JP 2016189465A JP 6476155 B2 JP6476155 B2 JP 6476155B2
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Description
別様に指定されるか、または文脈から暗示されない限り、以下の用語および語句は、以下に提供される意味を含む。別様に明示的に指定されるか、または文脈から明白でない限り、以下の用語および語句は、その用語または語句が関連する当該技術分野において得た意味を除外しない。本定義は、特定の実施形態の説明を補助するために提供され、本発明の範囲は特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定されるため、特許請求される発明を限定する意図はない。
1つ以上の短干渉リボ核酸(siRNA)分子を含有するsiRNA組成物が、本明細書に提供される。これらのsiRNAは、1本鎖または2本鎖であり得る。概して、それぞれのsiRNA鎖は、約10ヌクレオチド長(例えば、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、またはそれ以上)〜約35ヌクレオチド長(例えば、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、またはそれ以上)になる。好ましくは、それぞれの鎖は、約19〜約29ヌクレオチド長である。
(i)変化、例えば、非結合(XおよびY)リン酸酸素のうちの1つもしくは両方の、ならびに/または結合(WおよびZ)リン酸酸素の1つ以上の置換(リン酸塩が終端位置にあるとき、WまたはZの位置のうちの1つは、リン酸塩を天然に生じるリボ核酸のさらなる要素に結合しない。しかし、用語を簡潔にするために、別様に記される場合を除き、核酸の5’末端のWの位置および核酸の3’末端の終端Zの位置は、本明細書で使用される「結合リン酸酸素」の用語の範囲内である)、
(ii)変化、例えば、リボース糖の構成物の、例えば、リボース糖の2’ヒドロキシルの置換(すなわち、Rbから−Fおよび/またはAからS)、
(iii)リン酸塩部分の「脱リン酸」リンカーによる一斉置換、
(iv)天然に生じる塩基の非天然塩基による修飾または置換、
(v)リボース−リン酸塩骨格の置換または修飾、
(vi)RNAの3’末端または5’末端の修飾、例えば、終端リン酸基の除去、修飾、もしくは置換、または部分、例えば、蛍光標識された部分の、RNAの3’もしくは5’のいずれかの末端への共役、および、
(vii)糖(例えば、6員環)の修飾。
リン酸基は、陰性に荷電する種である。電荷は、その2つの非結合酸素原子上(すなわち、上記式1のXおよびY)に等しく分布する。しかし、リン酸基は、酸素を異なる置換基で置き換えることにより修飾することができる。RNAリン酸基骨格への、この修飾がもたらす1つの結果は、オリゴリボヌクレオチドの、核酸分解に対する増加した耐性である。理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、いくつかの実施形態において、非荷電リンカーまたは荷電リンカーを、非対称の電荷分布で導入することが望ましい場合がある。
修飾RNAは、リボ核酸の全て、あるいは一部の糖基の修飾を含み得る。例えば、2‘ヒドロキシル基(OH)は、多数の異なる「オキシ」あるいは「デオキシ」置換基により修飾または置換され得る。理論に拘束されるわけではないが、ヒドロキシル基は、もはや脱プロトン化されて2’アルコキシドイオンを形成することがないので、改善された安定性が予期できる。2’アルコキシドは、リンカーのリン原子への分子内求核攻撃によって、分解を触媒することができる。再び、理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、幾つかの実施形態については、2’位でのアルコキシド形成が不可能である変更を導入することが望ましい場合がある。
リン酸基は、リン非含有のコネクタによって置換され得る。理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、荷電性ホスホジエステル基は、核酸分解における反応の中心部であるため、荷電性ホスホジエステル基の中性構造的擬態との置換は、亢進されたヌクレアーゼ安定性を与えるはずであると考えられる。再び、理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、幾つかの実施形態では、荷電性リン酸基が中性部分によって置換される変化を導入することが望ましくあり得る。
オリゴヌクレオチド−擬態骨格はまた、リン酸塩リンカーおよびリボース糖が、ヌクレアーゼ耐性ヌクレオシドまたはヌクレオチド代替物によって置換されるように構成され得る。理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、反復的に荷電された骨格の欠如は、ポリアニオン(例えば、ヌクレアーゼ)を認識するタンパク質との結合を弱めることが考えられる。再び、理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、幾つかの実施形態では、塩基が中性代替物骨格によって連結される変化を導入することが望ましくあり得る。
オリゴヌクレオチドの3’および5’末端が修飾され得る。そのような修飾は、3’末端、5’末端、または分子の両末端において行われ得る。これらは、全終端リン酸塩、もしくはリン酸基の原子の1つ以上の修飾、または置換を含み得る。例えば、オリゴヌクレオチドの3’および5’末端は、例えば、フルオロフォア(例えば、ピレン、TAMRA、フルオレセイン、Cy3またはCy5色素)または保護基(例えば、硫黄、シリコン、ホウ素、またはエステルに基づいた)等の標識部分といった、他の官能分子実体と共役させられ得る。官能分子実体は、リン酸基および/またはスペーサーを通じて糖と結合され得る。スペーサーの終端原子は、リン酸基の連結原子、または糖のC−3’もしくはC−5’O、N、S、もしくはC基に結合し得るか、またはそれらを置換し得る。代替として、スペーサーは、ヌクレオチド代替物(例えば、PNA)の末端原子に結合し得るか、またはそれを置換し得る。これらのスペーサーまたはリンカーには、例えば、−(CH2)n−、−(CH2)nN−、−(CH2)nO−、−(CH2)nS−、−O(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2O−(例えば、n=3または6)脱塩基糖、アミド、カルボキシ、アミン、オキシアミン、オキシイミン、チオエーテル、ジスルフィド、チオ尿素、スルホンアミド、またはモルホリノ、またはビオチンおよびフルオレセイン試薬が含まれ得る。スペーサー/リン酸塩官能分子実体−スペーサー/リン酸塩配列がsiRNA化合物の2本の鎖の間に挿入されるとき、この配列は、ヘアピン−タイプRNA薬剤におけるヘアピンRNAループを置換し得る。3’末端は−OH基であり得る。理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、特定の部分の共役は、輸送、ハイブリダイゼーション、および特異性特性を改善し得ることが考えられる。再び、理論に拘束されることを望むものではないが、ヌクレアーゼ耐性を改善する終端変化を導入することが望ましくあり得る。終端修飾の他の例としては、色素、挿入剤(例えば、アクリジン)、クロス−リンカー(例えば、ソラレン、マイトマイシンC)、ポルフィリン(TPPC4、テキサフィリン、サフィリン)、多環式芳香族炭化水素(例えば、フェナジン、ジヒドロフェナジン)、人工エンドヌクレアーゼ(例えば、EDTA)、親油性担体(例えば、コレステロール、コール酸、アダマンタン酢酸、1−ピレン酪酸、ジヒドロテストステロン、1,3−ビス−O(ヘキサデシル)グリセロール、ゲラニルオキシヘキシル基、ヘキサデシルグリセロール、ボルネオール、メントール、1,3−プロパンジオール、ヘプタデシル基、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、O3−(オレオイル)リトコール酸、O3−(オレオイル)コレン酸、ジメトキシトリチル、またはフェノキサジン−1−イル)、およびペプチド共役(例えば、アンテナペディアペプチド、Tatペプチド)、アルキル化剤、ホスフェート、アミノ、メルカプト、PEG(例えば、PEG−40K)、MPEG、[MPEG]2、ポリアミノ、アルキル,置換されアルキル、放射性標識マーカー、酵素、ハプテン(例えば、ビオチン)、輸送/吸収促進体(例えば、アスピリン、ビタミンE、葉酸)、合成リボヌクレアーゼ(例えば、イミダゾール、ビスイミダゾール、ヒスタミン、イミダゾールクラスター、アクリジン−イミダゾール共役、テトラアザ大環状のEu3+複合体)が挙げられる。
アデニン、グアニン、シトシン、およびウラシルは、RNAに見出される最も一般的な塩基である。これらの塩基は、改善された特性を有するRNAを提供するために、修飾または置換され得る。例えば、ヌクレアーゼ耐性オリゴリボヌクレオチドは、これらの塩基、または合成および天然核酸塩基(例えば、イノシン、チミン、キサンチン、ヒポキサンチン、ヌバラリン、イソグアニシン、またはツベルシジン)、ならびに上記の修飾のいずれか1つによって調製され得る。代替として、上記塩基のいずれの置換または修飾類似体、および「一般塩基」が採用されてもよい。例としては、2−(ハロ)アデニン、2−(アルキル)アデニン、2−(プロピル)アデニン、2−(アミノ)アデニン、2−(アミノアルキル)アデニン、2−(アミノプロピル)アデニン、2−(メチルチオ)−N6−(イソペンテニル)アデニン、6−(アルキル)アデニン、6−(メチル)アデニン、7−(ジアザ)アデニン、8−(アルケニル)アデニン、8−(アルキル)アデニン、8−(アルキニル)アデニン、8−(アミノ)アデニン、8−(ハロ)アデニン、8−(ヒドロキシル)アデニン、8−(チオアルキル)アデニン、8−(チオl)アデニン、N6−(イソペンチル)アデニン、N6−(メチル)アデニン、N6、N6−(ジメチル)アデニン、2−(アルキル)グアニン、2−(プロピル)グアニン、6−(アルキル)グアニン、6−(メチル)グアニン、7−(アルキル)グアニン、7−(メチル)グアニン、7−(ジアザ)グアニン、8−(アルキル)グアニン、8−(アルケニル)グアニン、8−(アルキニル)グアニン、8−(アミノ)グアニン、8−(ハロ)グアニン、8−(ヒドロキシル)グアニン、8−(チオアルキル)グアニン、8−(チオl)グアニン、N−(メチル)グアニン、2−(チオ)シトシン、3−(ジアザ)−5−(アザ)シトシン、3−(アルキル)シトシン、3−(メチル)シトシン、5−(アルキル)シトシン、5−(アルキニル)シトシン、5−(ハロ)シトシン、5−(メチル)シトシン、5−(プロピニル)シトシン、5−(プロピニル)シトシン、5−(トリフルオロメチル)シトシン、6−(アゾ)シトシン、N4−(アセチル)シトシン、3−(3−アミノ−3−カルボキシプロピル)ウラシル、2−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メチル)−2−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メチルアミノメチル)−2−(チオ)ウラシル、4−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メチル)−4−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メチルアミノメチル)−4−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メチル)−2、4−(ジチオ)ウラシル、5−(メチルアミノメチル)−2、4−(ジチオ)ウラシル、5−(2−アミノプロピル)ウラシル、5−(アルキル)ウラシル、5−(アルキニル)ウラシル、5−(アリールアミノ)ウラシル、5−(アミノアリル)ウラシル、5−(アミノアルキル)ウラシル、5−(グアニジンアルキル)ウラシル、5−(1、3−ジアゾール−1−アルキル)ウラシル、5−(シアノアルキル)ウラシル、5−(ジアルキルアミノアルキル)ウラシル、5−(ジメチルアミノアルキル)ウラシル、5−(ハロ)ウラシル、5−(メトキシ)ウラシル、ウラシル−5−オキシ酢酸、5−(メトキシカルボニルメチル)−2−(チオ)ウラシル、5−(メトキシカルボニル−メチル)ウラシル、5−(プロピニル)ウラシル、5−(プロピニル)ウラシル、5−(トリフルオロメチル)ウラシル、6−(アゾ)ウラシル、ジヒドロウラシル、N3−(メチル)ウラシル、5−ウラシル(すなわち、シュードウラシル)、2−(チオ)シュードウラシル、4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、5−(アルキル)シュードウラシル、5−(メチル)シュードウラシル、5−(アルキル)−2−(チオ)シュードウラシル、5−(メチル)−2−(チオ)シュードウラシル、5−(アルキル)−4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、5−(メチル)−4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、5−(アルキル)−2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、5−(メチル)−2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、1−置換シュードウラシル、1−置換2(チオ)−シュードウラシル、1−置換4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、1−置換2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、1−(アミノカルボニルエチレニル)−シュードウラシル、1−(アミノカルボニルエチレニル)−2(チオ)−シュードウラシル、1−(アミノカルボニルエチレニル)−4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、1−(アミノカルボニルエチレニル)−2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、1−(アミノアルキルアミノカルボニルエチレニル)−シュードウラシル、1−(アミノアルキルアミノ−カルボニルエチレニル)−2(チオ)−シュードウラシル、1−(アミノアルキルアミノカルボニルエチレニル)−4−(チオ)シュードウラシル、1−(アミノアルキルアミノカルボニルエチレニル)−2,4−(ジチオ)シュードウラシル、1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−置換1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−置換1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−置換1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−置換1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−(アミノアルキルヒドロキシ)−1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−(アミノアルキルヒドロキシ)−1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−(アミノアルキルヒドロキシ)−1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−(アミノアルキルヒドロキシ)−1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−(グアニジンアルキルヒドロキシ)−1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−(グアニジンアルキルヒドロキシ)−1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェノキサジン−1−イル、7−(グアニジンアルキル−ヒドロキシ)−1,3−(ジアザ)−2−(オキソ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、7−(グアニジンアルキルヒドロキシ)−1−(アザ)−2−(チオ)−3−(アザ)−フェンチアジン−1−イル、1,3,5−(トリアザ)−2,6−(ジオキサ)−ナフタレン、イノシン、キサンチン、ヒポキサンチン、ヌバラリン、ツベルシジン、イソグアニシン、イノシニル、2−アザ−イノシニル、7−ジアザ−イノシニル、ニトロイミダゾリル、ニトロピラゾリル、ニトロベンズイミダゾリル、ニトロインダゾリル、アミノインドリル、ピロロピリミジニル、3−(メチル)イソカルボスチリリル、5−(メチル)イソカルボスチリリル、3−(メチル)−7−(プロピニル)イソカルボスチリリル、7−(アザ)インドリル、6−(メチル)−7−(アザ)インドリル、イミジゾピリジニル、9−(メチル)−イミジゾピリジニル、ピロロピリジニル、イソカルボスチリリル、7−(プロピニル)イソカルボスチリリル、プロピニル−7−(アザ)インドリル、2,4,5−(トリメチル)フェニル、4−(メチル)インドリル、4,6−(ジメチル)インドリル、フェニル、ナフタレニル、アントラセニル、フェナントラセニル、ピレニル、スチルベニル、テトラセニル、ペンタセニル、ジフルオロトリル、4−(フルオロ)−6−(メチル)ベンズイミダゾール、4−(メチル)ベンズイミダゾール、6−(アゾ)チミン、2−ピリジノン、5−ニトロインドール、3−ニトロピロール、6−(アザ)ピリミジン、2−(アミノ)プリン、2,6−(ジアミノ)プリン、5−置換ピリミジン、N2−置換プリン、N6−置換プリン、O6−置換プリン、置換1,2,4−トリアゾール、またはそれらのいかなるO−アルキル化もしくはN−アルキル化誘導体が挙げられる。
修飾は、1つ以上のカチオン基の糖、塩基、および/またはリン酸塩もしくは修飾リン酸骨格部分のリン原子への結合を含み得る。カチオン基は、天然、特異、または一般塩基上の置換機能を有するあらゆる原子に結合され得る。好ましい位置とは、ハイブリダイゼーションを阻害しない、すなわち、塩基対形成に必要とされる水素結合相互作用を阻害しない位置である。カチオン基は例えば糖のC2’位、または環状もしくは非環状糖代替物における類似した位置を通じて結合され得る。カチオン基には、例えば、O−アミン(アミン=NH2、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、へテロシクリル、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、またはジヘテロアリールアミノ、エチレンジアミン、ポリアミノ)等から生じるプロトン化アミノ基;例えば、O(CH2)nアミン,(例えば、アミン=NH2、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、へテロシクリル、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、またはジヘテロアリールアミノ、エチレンジアミン、ポリアミノ)等のアミノアルコキシ;アミノ(例えば、NH2、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、へテロシクリル、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、またはアミノ酸);またはNH(CH2CH2NH)nCH2CH2−アミン(アミン=NH2、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、へテロシクリル、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、またはジヘテロアリールアミノ)が含まれ得る。
幾つかの修飾は好ましくは、例えば、鎖の内部位置、iRNA剤の鎖の5’または3’末端上等の、特定の位置におけるiRNA剤上の修飾が含まれ得る。iRNA剤上の修飾の好ましい位置は、薬剤に好ましい特性を与え得る。例えば、特定の修飾の好ましい位置は、最適な遺伝子サイレンシング特性、またはエンドヌクレアーゼもしくはエキソヌクレアーゼ活性に対する増加した耐性を与え得る。本明細書および以下に記載される修飾は、単一修飾もしくは複数のリボヌクレオチドに対して含まれる修飾の単一タイプであり得るか、または修飾は、1つ以上の本明細書および以下に記載される他の修飾と組み合わされ得る。例えば、多重鎖iRNA剤の1本の鎖上の修飾は、多重鎖iRNA剤の別の鎖上の修飾と異なり得る。同様に、1本の鎖上の2つの異なる修飾は、iRNA剤の異なる鎖上の修飾と異なり得る。他の追加的な固有の修飾を、無制限に、iRNA剤の鎖の中に組み込むことができる。
iRNA剤は、例えば、対象の体の中に見出されるエンドヌクレアーゼまたはエキソヌクレアーゼ等の、ヌクレアーゼによる分解を阻害するために修飾されたモノマーを含み得る。これらのモノマーは、本明細書でNRM、すなわちヌクレアーゼ耐性促進モノマーもしくは修飾(nuclease resistance promoting monomers/modifications)として言及される。多くの場合において、これらの修飾は、例えば、血清アルブミン等の輸送タンパク質等の、タンパク質、もしくはRISC(RNA−誘導性サイレンシング複合体)の一員と相互作用する機能、または第1および第2配列が、互いとの二重鎖を形成する、もしくは例えば、標的分子等の別の配列との二重鎖を形成する機能等の、iRNA剤の他の特性もまた調節する。
(viii)5’−ホスホン酸および5’−リン酸塩プロドラッグ。したがって、好ましいNRMは、好ましくは終端位置、例えば、リン酸基の1つ以上の原子が保護基と誘導体化される位置である、5’位等におけるモノマーを含み、かかる保護基または複数の保護基は、対象の体の中の構成要素、例えば、対象の体の中に存在するカルボキシエステラーゼまたは酵素の活性の結果として除去される。例えば、カルボキシエステラーゼが保護分子を開裂し、チオアートアニオンの産生をもたらし、チオアートアニオンがリン酸塩のOに隣接する炭素を攻撃し、保護リン酸塩の産生をもたらすような、リン酸塩プロドラッグである。
薬剤または修飾分子、および対照分子を適切な条件に曝露することによって、ならびに選択された特性の存在に関して評価することによって、選択された特性に関して、例えば、修飾RNA等の、候補RNA剤を評価し得る。例えば、分解物に対する耐性は、次のように評価することができる。候補修飾RNA(および対照分子、通常非修飾型)は、例えば、ヌクレアーゼ等の、分解剤を含む環境に曝露される等、分解条件に曝露され得る。例えば、例として、治療的使用において遭遇するかもしれない環境に類似した生体サンプル、例えば、血液、または例えば、無細胞ホモジネートもしくは破壊細胞等の、細胞分画等の生体サンプルを使用し得る。候補および対照は次いで、多数のアプローチのいずれかによって、分解に対する耐性に関して評価することができる。例えば、候補および対照は、曝露前に、例えば、放射性もしくは酵素標識、またはCy3またはCy5等の蛍光性標識で標識化され得る。対照および修飾RNAは、分解剤、および任意に例えば、不活性化、例えば、熱不活性化等の、対照分解剤を用いて培養され得る。物理的パラメータ、例えば、修飾および対照分子のサイズが次いで決定される。それらは、分子がその原長を維持しているかどうかを査定するために、物理的方法によって、例えば、ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動またはサイジングカラムによって、決定され得るか、または機能的に査定され得る。代替として、非標識修飾分子の長さを分析するために、ノーザンブロット解析が使用され得る。
標的部分、エンドソーム溶解剤、およびPK調節体等の、多種多様な実体は、種々の場所、例えば、3’末端、5’末端、3’および5’の両末端において、内部でまたはそれらの組み合わせで、iRNA剤に結合され得る。iRNA剤の1つのみの鎖または両鎖は、本明細書に記載される修飾に加えて、1つ以上のリガンドを備え得る。共役の好ましい方法、共役に好ましいモノマー、および好ましいリガンドは、同時係属の、2004年8月10日に出願された米国特許出願第10/916,185号、2004年9月21日に出願された同第10/946,873号、2004年11月9日に出願された同第10/985,426号、2007年8月3日に出願された同第11/833,934号、2005年8月27日に出願された同第11/115,989号、2005年8月29日に出願された同第11/119,533号、および2005年8月4日に出願された同第11/197,753号の各明細書に説明される。さらなる好ましいリガンドおよびリガンド共役モノマーは、2007年12月4日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/992,309号および2007年12月13日に出願された同第61/013,597号に説明される。
本明細書に記載されるsiRNA化合物は、治療の毒性を決定することを、ヒトおよび非ヒトの両方の動物配列との相補性によって容易化するように設計され得る。これらの方法によって、siRNAは、ヒトからの核酸配列、かつ少なくとも1つの非ヒトである動物、例えば、齧歯類、反すう類、または霊長類等の、非ヒトである哺乳動物からの核酸配列と十分に相補的な配列からなることができる。例えば、非ヒトである哺乳動物は、マウス、ラット、犬、ブタ、ヤギ、羊、牛、サル、ボノボ、チンパンジー、アカゲザル、またはカニクイザルであってもよい。siRNA化合物の配列は、相同遺伝子内の配列、例えば、非ヒトである哺乳動物およびヒトの癌または腫瘍抑制遺伝子と相補的であり得る。非ヒトである哺乳動物におけるsiRNA化合物の毒性を決定することによって、ヒトにおけるsiRNA化合物の毒性を推定することができる。より厳密な毒性試験では、siRNAは、ヒトおよび1種を超える、例えば、2種または3種またはそれ以上の非ヒトである動物と相補的であり得る。
細胞吸収および/またはsiRNAの細胞内標的を増加させる、共有結合された共役を含む、種々のsiRNA組成物が本明細書に記載される。
SiRNAは、種々の方法によって、例えば、一括で、産生され得る。例示的方法には、有機合成およびRNA切断、例えば、インビトロ切断、が含まれる。
本明細書に記載されるsiRNA化合物は、対象への投与用に製剤化することができる。これらの製剤、組成物、および方法は、修飾iRNA化合物と共に実施され得、かかる実施は本発明の範囲内であることが理解される。
一態様において、本発明は、siRNA化合物、例えば、2本鎖siRNA化合物、またはssiRNA化合物を含む、医薬組成物を特徴とし(例えば、前駆体、例えばssiRNA化合物へプロセシングされ得るより大きなsiRNA化合物、あるいは、例えば2本鎖siRNA化合物もしくはssiRNA化合物などのsiRNA化合物またはそれらの前駆体をコードするDNA)、標的RNAに相補的な、例えば、実質的におよび/または厳密に相補的なヌクレオチド配列を含む。標的RNAは、内在性のヒト遺伝子の転写物であり得る。一実施形態では、siRNA化合物は、(a)19〜25ヌクレオチド長、例えば、21〜23ヌクレオチド、であり(b)内在性標的RNAに相補的であり、および、任意に(c)少なくとも1つの1〜5ヌクレオチド長の3’オーバーハングを含む。一実施形態では、医薬組成物は、エマルション、マイクロエマルション、クリーム、ゼリー、またはリポソームであり得る。
対象は、規定された量のsiRNA化合物、例えば、2本鎖siRNA化合物、またはssiRNA化合物(例えば、前駆体、例えば、ssiRNA化合物にプロセスされ得るより大きいsiRNA化合物)の投与によって治療することができ、それは例えば、結晶性粒子等の微粒子の集合等の、粉末形態である組成物である。組成物は、例えば、1つ以上の異なる内在性標的RNAに対して特異的な、複数のsiRNA化合物を含み得る。この方法は、本明細書に記載される他の特徴を含み得る。
サイレンシングし、したがって、望ましくないp27(KIP1)発現を特徴とする疾患、例えば、肝臓癌を有するか、またはその危険性がある対象を治療するのに使用することができる。
別の実施形態では、siRNA化合物(例えば、本明細書に記載される組成物の中のsiRNA)は、TEL/AML1融合遺伝子をサイレンシングし、したがって、望ましくないTEL/AML1融合遺伝子発現を特徴とする疾患、例えば、小児期急性白血病を有するか、またはその危険性がある対象を治療するのに使用することができる。
説明を簡略化するために、本項の製剤、組成物および方法は、主に修飾siRNA化合物に関して述べられる。しかしながら、これらの製剤、組成物および方法は、他のsiRNA化合物、例えば、非修飾siRNA化合物に関して実施可能であり、かかる実施は本発明の範囲内にあることは理解され得る。iRNAを包含する組成物は種々の経路で対象に送達され得る。典型的な経路は、静脈内、局所、経直腸、経肛門、経膣、経鼻、経肺、および経眼経路を含む。
別の態様では、本発明は、例えば、デバイスが、siRNA化合物を含む組成物、例えば、2本鎖siRNA化合物、またはssiRNA化合物、(例えば、前駆体、例えばssiRNA化合物へプロセシングされ得るより大きなsiRNA化合物、あるいは、例えば2本鎖siRNA化合物もしくはssiRNA化合物などのsiRNA化合物またはそれらの前駆体をコードするDNA)、例えば、内在性転写物をサイレンシングするsiRNA化合物を、分注または投与することができるような、移植可能なデバイス等のデバイスを特徴とする。一実施形態では、デバイスは、組成物でコーティングされる。別の実施形態では、siRNA化合物は、デバイス内に配置される。別の実施形態では、デバイスは、組成物の単位用量を分注するための機構を含む。他の実施形態では、デバイスは、例えば、拡散によって、組成物を連続的に放出する。例示的デバイスには、ステント、カテーテル、ポンプ、人工臓器、または臓器構成要素(例えば、人工心臓、心臓弁等)、および縫合糸が含まれる。
asiRNA化合物を含む医薬組成物の用量は、例えば、癌または心疾患等の病状の症状を緩和させるために投与され得る。対象は、医薬組成物を用いて、上述のいかなる方法によっても治療され得る。
ある種の他の態様では、本発明は、siRNA化合物、例えば、2本鎖siRNA化合物またはssiRNA化合物(例えば、前駆体、例えばssiRNA化合物へプロセシングされ得るより大きなsiRNA化合物、あるいは、例えば2本鎖siRNA化合物もしくはssiRNA化合物などのsiRNA化合物またはそれらの前駆体をコードするDNA)の医薬製剤を含有する好適な容器を含むキットを提供する。ある実施形態では、医薬製剤の個々の構成要素は、1つの容器の中に提供されてもよい。代替として、例えば、siRNA化合物調製のための1つの容器、および少なくとも担体化合物のための別の容器等の2つ以上の容器で別々に、医薬製剤の構成要素を提供することが望ましくあり得る。キットは、1つの箱内の1つ以上の容器等、幾つかの異なる構造でパッケージ化され得る。異なる構成要素は、例えば、キットと共に提供される使用説明書に従って組み合わされ得る。構成要素は、例えば、医薬組成物を調整および投与するために、本明細書に記載される方法に従って組み合わされ得る。キットはまた、送達デバイスを含み得る。
実施例1−ホタルルシフェラーゼを標的とし、センス鎖中にミスマッチ塩基対形成を含有するsiRNA。
ホタルおよびウミシイタケルシフェラーゼを安定に発現するHeLa細胞を、10%のFBSおよび1×Glutamaxを補充し、96−ウェルプレート(不透明な壁面)に抗生物質なしでDMEM/10%FBS中の10K細胞/ウェルを播種して、DMEM(Invitrogen)中で培養した。細胞の播種の24時間後、Lipofectamineを使用してトランスフェクションを行い、さらにインキュベーションの24時間後、以下に手短に説明するようにルシフェラーゼ検定を行った。
1.1瓶のDual−Gloルシフェラーゼ緩衝剤の内容物を、Dual−Gloルシフェラーゼ試薬を産生するために、1瓶のDual−Gloルシフェラーゼ基質に移した。溶液は、基質が完全に溶解するまで、反転によって混合され、この実験に必要な量(45mL)および9mLの部分に等分されて、それらはさらなる使用のために凍結された。
2.0.450mLのDual Glo Stop&Glo基質を、50mLの円錐瓶の中で、1:100で、45mLのDual Glo Stop&Glo緩衝剤に希釈した。
3.両試薬を使用前に室温(rt)に置いた。同様に、細胞は検定を実施する前に、室温で平衡化した。
1.培地は、真空吸引によってプレートされた細胞から除去し、75μL各ウェルのPhenol−Red除去DMEM培地(Invitrogen)と置換した。
2.75μLのDual−Gloルシフェラーゼ試薬を添加し、プレートを撹拌することによって十分に混合した。
3.プレートは、シェーカーで20分間振とうし、次いで、Iva luminescence96wpの設定で、ホタル発光を照度計で測定した。
4.75μLのDual−Glo Stop&Glo試薬を各ウェルに添加し、プレートを撹拌することによって十分に混合した。
5.プレートをシェーカーで15分間振とうし、次いで、Iva luminescence96wpの設定で、ウミシイタケ発光を照度計で測定した。
6.データをExcelにエクスポートし、ウミシイタケからの発光に対する、ホタルからの発光の比率を算出し、治療されていない対照のウェルからの結果に対して正規化した。
上述のように、HeLa細胞に基づくデュアルルシフェラーゼ検定からの結果を使用して導かれたIC50値を以下に一覧にする。図1〜6は、検定から得られた一次データをグラフとして示す。結果は、ミスマッチ塩基対形成の、siRNA効力に対する効果が、ミスマッチ塩基対およびそのセンス鎖上の位置に依存することを示す。明白に、ミスマッチ塩基対(9〜12位)を介するセンス鎖の中心領域の局所不安定化は、この領域外の局所不安定化よりも、効力を亢進させるのにより有効である。このsiRNAに関して、特に9位におけるミスマッチは、親化合物と比較して効力を有意に亢進することが見出された。
実施例1で上述した結果に基づき、他のヌクレオシド等量式および修飾もまた、本発明の中に包含され、それらはsiRNA二重鎖の局所構造に影響を及ぼし、これらの修飾を含有するiRNA剤の効力および活性を亢進するであろう。非限定的な実施例は、以下で提供され、幾つかの合成および試験されたsiRNAdを、以下の表9〜13に記載する。
ホタルおよびウミシイタケルシフェラーゼを安定に発現するHeLa細胞を、実施例1に記載されるように培養し、検定を実施した。
上述のように、HeLa細胞に基づくデュアルルシフェラーゼ検定からの結果を使用して導かれたIC50値を以下に一覧にする。図7〜13は、検定から得られた一次データをグラフとして示す。結果は、核酸塩基修飾の、siRNA効力に対する効果が、該修飾ならびにそのセンス鎖上の位置に依存することを示す。このsiRNAに関して、特に10位における核酸塩基修飾は、親化合物に対する効力を有意に亢進することが見出された。
実施例1および2で上述された結果に基づき、siRNA二重鎖の熱安定性を0.9%の生理食塩溶液中で測定し、それらの対応するIC50値によって表される効力に対してプロットした。図14は、センス鎖の中心位置9〜12のそれぞれについての結果を示す。結果によると、9位、11位、および12位においては、活性と熱安定性との間に有意な相関はなかったが、一方、siRNAの効力は、10位での修飾により、熱安定性の減少に伴い増加すると見られる。
実施例1および2で上述された結果に基づき、siRNA二重鎖の局所構造に影響を及ぼし、これらの修飾を含有するiRNA剤の効力および活性を亢進するであろう、脱塩基修飾もまた、本発明に包含される。非限定的な例を以下に提供する。
ホタルルシフェラーゼおよびウミシイタケルシフェラーゼを安定に発現するHeLa細胞を培養し、実施例1に記載するように検定を行った。
上述のように、HeLa細胞に基づくデュアルルシフェラーゼ検定からの結果を使用して導かれたIC50値を以下に一覧にする。図15は、検定から得られた一次データをグラフとして示す。結果は、siRNAの効力に対する脱塩基修飾の効果が、センス鎖上のその位置に依存することを示す。このsiRNAについて、特に10位および12位での脱塩基修飾が、親化合物と比較して効力を亢進することが見出された。
実施例1および2で上述された結果に基づき、siRNA二重鎖の局所構造に影響を及ぼし、これらの修飾を含有するiRNA剤の効力および活性を亢進する、追加ヌクレオチドの組み入れによって形成されるセンス鎖中のバルジもまた、本発明に包含される。非限定的な例を以下に提供する。
ホタルルシフェラーゼおよびウミシイタケルシフェラーゼを安定に発現するHeLa細胞を培養し、実施例1に記載するように検定を行った。
上述のように、HeLa細胞に基づくデュアルルシフェラーゼ検定からの結果を使用して導かれたIC50値を以下に一覧にする。図16a、bは、検定から得られた一次データをグラフとして示す。結果は、siRNAの効力に対する脱塩基修飾の効果が、センス鎖上のその位置に依存することを示す。このsiRNAについて、特に10位および12位での脱塩基修飾が、親化合物と比較して効力を亢進することが見出された。
実施例1および2で上述された結果に基づき、siRNAの効力に対して最も顕著な効果を示した修飾の幾つかを内因性遺伝子PTENを標的とするsiRNA二重鎖に適用し、HeLa細胞中でスクリーニングした。合成および試験されたsiRNAの一部を表23に列挙する。
HeLa細胞を、10%のFBSおよび1×Glutamaxを補充したDMEM(Invitrogen)中で培養し、96−ウェルプレート(不透明な壁面)に抗生物質なしでDMEM/10%FBS中の10K細胞/ウェルで播種した。細胞の播種の24時間後、Lipofectamineを使用してトランスフェクションを行い、さらに24時間のインキュベーション後、以下に手短に説明するようにPTEN検定を行った。
上述のように、HeLa細胞に基づくPTEN検定からの結果を使用して導かれたIC50値を以下に一覧にする。図17は、検定から得られた一次データをグラフとして示す。結果は、ミスマッチ塩基対形成または修飾核酸塩基を有するセンス鎖の中心領域の局所的不安定化が、大幅な効力の亢進をもたらし得るとうい点において、実施例1および2で説明されたホタルルシフェラーゼを標的とするsiRNA配列について得られた知見を裏付けている。この特定の配列について、9位および10位でのミスマッチ塩基対形成または2,4ジフルオロトルイルリボヌクレオチドの導入は、親非修飾化合物と比較して効力を有意に亢進することが見出された。
本明細書で言及された刊行物および特許は、以下に列挙された項目を含み、それぞれの個々の刊行物または特許が、参照により組み込まれると具体的に個々に示されているかのように、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。矛盾する場合は、本明細書におけるあらゆる定義を含み、本出願が優先される。
本発明に従って使用されるオリゴリボヌクレオチドおよびオリゴリボヌクレオシドは、固相合成を伴い得、例えば、“Oligonucleotide synthesis,a practical approach”,Ed.M.J.Gait,IRL Press,1984、“Oligonucleotides and Analogues,A Practical Approach”,Ed.F.Eckstein,IRL Press,1991(特にChapter 1,Modern machine−aided methods of oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis,Chapter 2,Oligoribonucleotide synthesis,Chapter 3,2’−O−Methyloligoribonucleotides:synthesis and applications,Chapter 4,Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides,Chapter 5,Synthesis of oligonucleotide phosphorodithioates,Chapter 6,Synthesis of oligo−2’−deoxyribonucleoside methylphosphonates、およびChapter 7,Oligodeoxynucleotides containing modified bases)を参照されたい。他の特に有用な合成手順、試薬、封鎖基、および反応条件は、Martin,P.,Helv.Chim.Acta,1995,78,486−504、Beaucage,S.L.and Iyer,R.P.,Tetrahedron,1992,48,2223−2311、およびBeaucage,S.L.and Iyer,R.P.,Tetrahedron,1993,49,6123−6194、またはその中で参照される参考文献に説明される。国際公開第00/44895号、同第01/75164号、または同第02/44321号の各パンフレットに説明される修飾を、本明細書で使用することができる。
ホスフィン酸オリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第5,508,270号明細書に説明される。アルキルホスホン酸オリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第4,469,863号明細書に説明される。ホスホラミダイトオリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第5,256,775号明細書または米国特許第5,366,878号明細書に説明される。ホスホトリエステルオリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第5,023,243号明細書に説明される。ボラノホスフェートオリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第5,130,302号および第5,177,198号の各明細書に説明される。3’−デオキシ−3’−アミノホスホロアミデートオリゴリボヌクレオチドの調製は、米国特許第5,476,925号明細書に説明される。3’−デオキシ−3’−メチレンホスホン酸オリゴリボヌクレオチドは、An,H,et al.J.Org.Chem.2001,66,2789−2801に説明される。硫黄架橋ヌクレオチドの調製は、Sproat et al.Nucleosides Nucleotides 1988,7,651、およびCrosstick et al.Tetrahedron Lett.1989,30,4693に説明される。
2’修飾の修飾は、Verma,S.et al.Annu.Rev.Biochem.1998,67,99−134およびその中の全ての参考文献に見出すことができる。リボースへの特定の修飾は、次の参考文献に見出すことができる:2’−フルオロ(Kawasaki et.al.,J.Med.Chem.,1993,36,831−841)、2’−MOE(Martin,P.Helv.Chim.Acta 1996,79,1930−1938)、「LNA」(Wengel,J.Acc.Chem.Res.1999,32,301−310)。
本明細書でMMI結合オリゴリボヌクレオシドとしても特定されるメチレンメチルイミノに結合したオリゴリボヌクレオシド、本明細書でMDH結合オリゴリボヌクレオシドとしても特定されるメチレンジメチルヒドラゾに結合したオリゴリボヌクレオシド、および本明細書でアミド−3結合オリゴリボヌクレオシドとしても特定されるメチレンカルボニルアミノに結合したオリゴヌクレオシド、および本明細書でアミド−4結合オリゴリボヌクレオシドとしても特定されるメチレンアミノカルボニルに結合したオリゴヌクレオシド、ならびに例えば、交互にMMIおよびPOまたはPS結合を有する混合骨格化合物は、米国特許第5,378,825号、同第5,386,023号、同第5,489,677号の各明細書、および公開された国際出願第PCT/US92/04294号および第PCT/US92/04305号(それぞれ国際公開第92/20822号パンフレットおよび国際公開第92/20823号パンフレットとして公開される)に説明されるように調製することができる。ホルムアセタールおよびチオホルムアセタールに結合したオリゴリボヌクレオシドは、米国特許第5,264,562号および同第5,264,564号の各明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。エチレンオキシドに結合したオリゴリボヌクレオシドは、米国特許第5,223,618号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。シロキサン置換は、Cormier,J.F.et al.Nucleic Acids Res.1988,16,4583に説明される。炭酸塩置換は、Tittensor,J.R.J.Chem.Soc.C 1971,1933に説明される。カルボキシメチル置換は、Edge,M.D.et al.J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.1 1972、1991に説明される。カルバメート置換は、Stirchak,E.P.Nucleic Acids Res.1989,17,6129に説明される。
シクロブチル糖代替化合物は、米国特許第5,359,044号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。ピロリジン糖代替物は、米国特許第5,519,134号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。モルホリノ糖代替物は、米国特許第5,142,047号および同第5,235,033号の各明細書、および他の関連する特許情報開示に説明されるように調製することができる。ペプチド核酸(PNA)はそれ自体既知であり、Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA):Synthesis,Properties and Potential Applications,Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry,1996,4,5−23で言及される種々の手順のうちのいずれかに従って調製することができる。これはまた、米国特許第5,539,083号明細書に従って調製することもできる。
N−2置換プリンヌクレオシドアミダイトは、米国特許第5,459,255号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。3−デアザプリンヌクレオシド アミダイトは、米国特許第5,457,191号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。5,6−置換ピリミジンヌクレオシドアミダイトは、米国特許第5,614,617号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。5−プロピニルピリミジンヌクレオシドアミダイトは、米国特許第5,484,908号明細書に説明されるように調製することができる。さらなる参考文献が、塩基修飾に関する上記の項で開示されている場合がある。
当業者は、単なる日常的な実験を使用して、本明細書に記載される本発明の特定の実施形態との多くの等価物を認識または解明することができるだろう。したがって、前述の実施形態は例として提示されているに過ぎず、添付の特許請求項およびその等価物の範囲内で、具体的に説明および特許請求されたものとは別様に本発明を実施可能であることを理解されたい。
他の実施態様
1.増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性を有する2本鎖iRNA剤であって、
a.標的遺伝子に相補的であるアンチセンス鎖と、
b.前記アンチセンス鎖に相補的であり、前記標的切断部位に相当する領域に少なくとも1つの修飾核酸塩基を含む、センス鎖であって、前記修飾核酸塩基が、非天然核酸塩基であるか、一般核酸塩基であるか、または脱塩基性である、センス鎖と、
を含み、前記増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性が、RNAiサイレンシングアッセイにおいてそれぞれのIC 50 値を比較することによって決定される、対応する非修飾iRNA剤に対してである、iRNA剤。
2.前記修飾核酸塩基を含むヌクレオチドが、2’−デオキシヌクレオチドである、実施態様1に記載のiRNA剤。
3.前記修飾核酸塩基が、任意に置換されるジフルオロトリル、任意に置換されるインドリル、任意に置換されるピロリル、または任意に置換されるベンズイミダゾリルである、実施態様1または2に記載のiRNA剤。
4.前記修飾核酸塩基が、任意に置換されるジフルオロトリルであり、前記任意に置換されるジフルオロトリルは、2,4−ジフルオロトリルである、実施態様3に記載のiRNA剤。
5.前記修飾核酸塩基が、任意に置換されるインドリルであり、前記任意に置換されるインドリルは、5−ニトロインドールである、実施態様3に記載のiRNA剤。
6.前記iRNA剤が、前記対応する非修飾iRNA剤のIC 50 値の約50%以下のIC 50 値を示す、実施態様1〜5のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
7.前記iRNA剤が、前記対応する非修飾iRNA剤のIC 50 値の約33%以下のIC 50 値を示す、実施態様1〜5のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
8.前記iRNA剤が、前記対応する非修飾iRNA剤のIC 50 値の約20%以下のIC 50 値を示す、実施態様1〜5のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
9.前記IC 50 値が、インビトロシステムで測定される、実施態様6、7、または8に記載のiRNA剤。
10.前記IC 50 値が、インビボシステムで測定される、実施態様6、7、または8に記載のiRNA剤。
11.前記修飾核酸塩基が、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の1位にある、実施態様1〜10のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
12.前記修飾核酸塩基が、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の2位にある、実施態様1〜10のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
13.前記修飾核酸塩基が、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の3位にある、実施態様1〜10のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
14.前記修飾核酸塩基が、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の4位にある、実施態様1〜10のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
15.増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性を有する2本鎖iRNA剤であって、
a.標的遺伝子に相補的であるアンチセンス鎖と、
b.前記アンチセンス鎖に相補的であり、前記標的切断部位に相当する領域に前記アンチセンス鎖との1つまたは2つのミスマッチ塩基対形成を含む、センス鎖と、
を含み、前記増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性が、RNAiサイレンシングアッセイにおいてそれぞれのIC 50 値を比較することによって決定される、前記アンチセンス鎖との少なくとも1つ少ないミスマッチ塩基対形成を有する対応するiRNA剤に対してである、iRNA剤。
16.前記ミスマッチが、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の1位にある、実施態様15に記載のiRNA剤。
17.前記ミスマッチが、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の2位にある、実施態様15に記載のiRNA剤。
18.前記ミスマッチが、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の3位にある、実施態様15に記載のiRNA剤。
19.前記ミスマッチが、前記センス鎖の5’末端から切断部位領域の4位にある、実施態様15に記載のiRNA剤。
20.前記ミスマッチが、G:G、G:A、G:U、G:T、A:A、A:C、C:C、C:U、C:T、U:U、およびU:Tからなる群から選択される、実施態様15〜19のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
21.ミスマッチ対形成中の少なくとも1つの核酸塩基が、2’−デオキシ核酸塩基である、実施態様15〜20のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
22.前記2’−デオキシ核酸塩基が、前記センス鎖中にある、実施態様21に記載のiRNA剤。
23.前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ15〜30核酸塩基長である、実施態様1〜22のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
24.前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ19〜25核酸塩基長である、実施態様1〜22のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
25.前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ21〜23核酸塩基長である、実施態様1〜22のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
26.前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ21核酸塩基長である、実施態様1〜22のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
27.前記iRNA剤が、少なくとも1つの終端に1本鎖オーバーハングを含む、実施態様1〜22のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤。
28.前記1本鎖オーバーハングが、1つ、2つ、または3つの核酸塩基からな、実施態様27に記載のiRNA剤。
29.細胞中の標的遺伝子の発現を減少させる方法であって、前記細胞を実施態様1〜28のいずれかに記載のiRNA剤と接触させることを含む、方法。
30.前記iRNA剤が、2つの21ヌクレオチド長の鎖を含み、前記鎖は、3’末端に2ヌクレオチドオーバーハングを有する、19個の連続塩基対の2本鎖領域を形成し、前記切断部位領域は、前記センス鎖の5’末端からの9〜12位に相当する、実施態様1に記載のiRNA剤。
31.前記切断部位領域が、前記センス鎖の5’末端からの10位または11位に相当する、実施態様30に記載のiRNA剤。
32.前記切断部位領域が、前記センス鎖の5’末端からの10位に相当する、実施態様30に記載のiRNA剤。
Claims (5)
- 増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性を有する2本鎖iRNA剤であって、
a.標的遺伝子に相補的であるアンチセンス鎖と、
b.前記アンチセンス鎖に相補的であり、標的切断部位に相当する領域に少なくとも1つの修飾核酸塩基を含む、センス鎖であって、前記切断部位領域は、該センス鎖の5’末端から9〜12位に相当し、前記修飾核酸塩基が、9位におけるリボネブラリン、12位におけるリボ−2−アミノプリン、または10位における脱塩基ヌクレオチドを含む、センス鎖と、
を含み、
前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ21〜23核酸塩基長であり、
前記増加したRNAiサイレンシング活性が、RNAiサイレンシングアッセイにおいてそれぞれのIC50値を比較することによって決定される、対応する非修飾iRNA剤に対してである、iRNA剤。 - 前記センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖が、それぞれ21核酸塩基長である、請求項1記載のiRNA剤。
- 少なくとも1つの終端に1本鎖オーバーハングを含む、請求項1記載のiRNA剤。
- インビトロまたはエキソビボで細胞における標的遺伝子の発現を減少させる方法であって、前記細胞を請求項1〜3いずれか1項記載のiRNA剤と接触させることを含む、方法。
- 細胞における標的遺伝子の発現を減少させるための組成物であって、請求項1〜3いずれか1項記載のiRNA剤を含み、該iRNA剤を細胞に接触させる、組成物。
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