JP6447850B2 - ブランチャー用フッ素系化合物、これを用いた高分子およびこれを用いた高分子電解質膜 - Google Patents
ブランチャー用フッ素系化合物、これを用いた高分子およびこれを用いた高分子電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6447850B2 JP6447850B2 JP2017514613A JP2017514613A JP6447850B2 JP 6447850 B2 JP6447850 B2 JP 6447850B2 JP 2017514613 A JP2017514613 A JP 2017514613A JP 2017514613 A JP2017514613 A JP 2017514613A JP 6447850 B2 JP6447850 B2 JP 6447850B2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 98
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 26
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- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 18
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
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- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WONYVCKUEUULQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-(2-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1C WONYVCKUEUULQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTMODJXOTWYBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 JTMODJXOTWYBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMJQFZBZWVXHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluoren-9-yl]phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21.C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 RMJQFZBZWVXHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VKDSBABHIXQFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenolate Chemical compound [K+].OC1=CC=C(O)C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 VKDSBABHIXQFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005247 tetrazinyl group Chemical group N1=NN=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004305 thiazinyl group Chemical group S1NC(=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005033 thiopyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07C43/29—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings containing halogen
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- C07C323/09—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and halogen atoms, or nitro or nitroso groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having sulfur atoms of thio groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
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Description
[化学式1]
R1〜R10は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素またはハロゲン基であり、
R1〜R5のうちの2つは、ハロゲン基であり、
R6〜R10のうちの2つは、ハロゲン基であり、
X1およびX2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、NR、O、S、またはSO2であり、
Rは、水素;重水素;または置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基であり、
nは、1〜6の整数である。
[反応式1]
[化学式A]
Y1〜Y4は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、−O−、−S−、または−SO2−であり、
U1およびU2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、下記化学式2〜化学式4のうちのいずれか1つで表され、
[化学式2]
L1は、直接連結、−CZ1Z2−、−CO−、−O−、−S−、−SO2−、−SiZ1Z2−、および置換もしくは非置換のフルオレニル基のうちのいずれか1つであり、
Z1およびZ2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素、アルキル基、トリフルオロメチル基(−CF3)、およびフェニル基のうちのいずれか1つであり、
S1〜S5は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のホウ素基;置換もしくは非置換のアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキルアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアラルキルアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアリールアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のヘテロアリールアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロアリール基であり、
a、bおよびcは、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、0以上4以下の整数であり、
iおよびkは、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、0以上3以下の整数であり、
a'は、1以上1000以下の整数であり、
前記化学式Bにおいて、W1は、下記化学式5〜化学式7のうちのいずれか1つで表され、
[化学式5]
L2は、直接連結、−CZ3Z4−、−CO−、−O−、−S−、−SO2−、−SiZ3Z4−、および置換もしくは非置換のフルオレニル基の中から選択されるいずれか1つであり、
Z3およびZ4は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素、アルキル基、トリフルオロメチル基(−CF3)、およびフェニル基のうちのいずれか1つであり、
d、eおよびhは、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、0以上4以下の整数であり、
fおよびgは、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、0以上3以下の整数であり、
b'は、1以上1000以下の整数であり、
T1〜T5は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1つは、−SO3H、−SO3 −M+、−COOH、−COO−M+、−PO3H2、−PO3H−M+、または−PO3 2−2M+であり、前記Mは、1族元素であり、残りは、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のホウ素基;置換もしくは非置換のアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキルアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアラルキルアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアリールアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のヘテロアリールアミン基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロアリール基であり、
前記化学式Bにおいて、U3は、前記化学式2〜7のうちのいずれか1つで表され、
mおよびnは、繰り返し単位の数を意味し、
1≦m≦500で、1≦n≦500であり、
ブランチャーとして含まれる前記本明細書の一実施態様に係る単量体の繰り返し単位の数は、1以上300以下である。
QおよびQ'は、それぞれ独立に、−SO3H、−SO3 −M+、−COOH、−COO−M+、−PO3H2、−PO3H−M+、または−PO3 2−2M+であり、Mは、1族金属である。
1)重合体1−Aの合成
前記重合した高分子を80℃の10wt%(/wt)硫酸水溶液に24時間酸処理した後、脱イオン水(deionized water)を用いて10回以上洗浄し、その後、90℃の真空オーブンで48時間乾燥して、部分フッ素系ブランチャーを導入した最終高分子を得た。
前記実施例1において、2−ビス((2,4−ジフルオロフェニル)チオ)−1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエタン(1,2−bis((2,4−difluorophenyl)thio)−1,1,2,2−tetrafluoroethane)の代わりに下記の化合物Zをブランチャーとして用いたことを除けば、同様にして進行させた。
[化合物Z]
少量のFe2+イオンを含んだ3%H2O2溶液に、前記高分子の合成例1で合成した高分子(重合体1)を用いて製膜した高分子電解質膜を入れて、80℃で20時間撹拌した後、溶液に含まれたF−イオンを測定して、高分子膜の安定性(stability)を測定した。
前記実験例において、重合体1の代わりに前記化合物Zをブランチャーとして用いた高分子電解質膜を用いたことを除けば、同様にして実験を行った。
200a:正極
200b:負極
10、20:タンク
11、21:ポンプ
31:電解質膜
32:正極セル
33:負極セル
41:正極電解液
42:負極電解液
60:スタック
70:酸化剤供給部
80:燃料供給部
81:燃料タンク
82:ポンプ
Claims (15)
- 下記化学式1で表されるブランチャー用化合物:
[化学式1]
R1〜R10は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素またはハロゲン基であり、
前記R3、R5、R6およびR8がハロゲン基であり、
X1およびX2は、Sであり、
nは、1〜6の整数である。 - 前記ハロゲン基がフッ素または塩素である請求項1に記載のブランチャー用化合物。
- 前記nが2以上である請求項1又は2に記載のブランチャー用化合物。
- 前記化学式1で表されるブランチャー用化合物は、下記の構造の中から選択されるいずれか1つである請求項1に記載のブランチャー用化合物:
- 請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のブランチャー用化合物由来の単量体を含む高分子。
- 前記高分子は、親水性ブロックおよび疎水性ブロックを含むブロック型共重合体である請求項5に記載の高分子。
- 前記ブランチャー用化合物由来の単量体が前記親水性ブロックの間、前記疎水性ブロックの間、または前記親水性ブロックと前記疎水性ブロックとの間に位置する請求項6に記載の高分子。
- 前記高分子の重量平均分子量が500以上5,000,000以下(g/mol)である請求項5から7のいずれか1項に記載の高分子。
- 前記ブランチャー用化合物由来の単量体が高分子の全重量に対して0.001重量%以上10重量%以下で含まれる請求項5から8のいずれか1項に記載の高分子。
- 前記高分子の分布度(PDI)が1以上6以下(Mw/Mn)である請求項5から9のいずれか1項に記載の高分子。
- 請求項5から10のいずれか1項に記載の高分子を含む高分子電解質膜。
- 前記高分子電解質膜のイオン伝導度は、0.01S/cm以上0.5S/cm以下である請求項11に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 正極;負極;および前記正極と前記負極との間に備えられた電解質膜を含み、
前記電解質膜が請求項11又は12に記載の高分子電解質膜である膜−電極接合体。 - 請求項13に記載の2以上の膜−電極接合体と該膜−電極接合体の間に備えられるバイポーラプレートとを含むスタック;
燃料を前記スタックに供給する燃料供給部;および
酸化剤を前記スタックに供給する酸化剤供給部を含む高分子電解質型燃料電池。 - 正極および正極電解液を含む正極セル;
負極および負極電解液を含む負極セル;および
前記正極セルと前記負極セルとの間に備えられる請求項11または12に記載の高分子電解質膜を含むレドックスフロー電池。
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