JP6440663B2 - グローバルシャッタースキームを有する背面照射(bsi)イメージセンサー - Google Patents
グローバルシャッタースキームを有する背面照射(bsi)イメージセンサー Download PDFInfo
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Description
以下の開示は、提供された主題の異なる特徴を実現するために、多くの異なる実施態様または例を提供する。本発明を分かりやすくするため、構成要素およびその配置の特定の例を説明する。もちろん、これらは単なる例であり、本発明はこれに限定されない。たとえば、以下で記述される第一特徴が第二特徴の上に形成されるというのは、第一特徴と第二特徴とが直接接触で形成される実施態様、および、追加された特徴が第一特徴と第二特徴との間に形成されて第一特徴と第二特徴とが直接接触しない実施態様を含む。このほか、本開示は、様々な例において、重複した参照符号および/または表示を使用している。この重複が、本開示を簡潔で明確にするためのものであり、それ自体が、様々な実施態様および/または構造間の関係を規定するものではない。
一旦、露出が開始されると、光発生電荷キャリアは、複数の画素領域202の撮像素子104から、複数の画素領域202中の画素レベルのメモリノード106にグローバルに転送される。その後、電荷が、ロウ206a〜206b中の画素レベルのメモリノード106から読み出される。これにより、画素レベルのメモリノード106は、複数の画素領域202のそれぞれを、同時に露出させる。
Claims (10)
- 背面照射(BSI)イメージセンサーであって、
半導体基板中に配置された撮像素子、
前記撮像素子から横方向にオフセットされた位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記半導体基板と同一のドーピング型の第一ノード領域を有した画素レベルのメモリノード、
前記撮像素子および前記画素レベルのメモリノードから横方向にオフセットされた位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記撮像素子との間で、前記画素レベルのメモリノードが横方向に配置されているフローティング拡散ノード、
前記第一ノード領域と前記フローティング拡散ノードとの両方に重なる位置で前記半導体基板の正面に沿って配置された第二トランスファートランジスタゲート、
前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って前記画素レベルのメモリノードに配置されたメモリトランジスタゲート、および、
前記画素レベルのメモリノードと前記半導体基板の背面に沿って延伸する平面との間の位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記撮像素子に重なるアパーチャを有する反射性材料を有すること
を特徴とする背面照射(BSI)イメージセンサー。 - 前記反射性材料は、
前記半導体基板の前記背面と同一平面である水平面を有し、
前記半導体基板により前記撮像素子から横方向に分離され、
金属あるいは多層反射膜から構成されていること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - 前記反射性材料は、傾斜した側壁を有し、前記半導体基板の前記背面からの距離の増加に伴い、前記反射性材料の幅が減少すること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - 前記撮像素子は、前記半導体基板の第二ドーピング型とは異なる第一ドーピング型の前記半導体基板中の第一領域を有するフォトダイオードを備え、
前記画素レベルのメモリノードは、前記第一ドーピング型の前記半導体基板中に第二ノード領域を有し、
前記第一ノード領域は、前記第二ノード領域と前記半導体基板の前記正面との間に配置されていること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - さらに、
前記第一領域と前記第二ノード領域との間で横方向に前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って配置された第一トランスファートランジスタゲート、
前記半導体基板の前記背面に対向する前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って設けられた誘電体構造中に配置された複数の金属相互接続層を有し、
前記メモリトランジスタゲートは、前記第一ノード領域の上に配置されていること
を特徴とする請求項4に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - 背面照射(BSI)イメージセンサーであって、
第二ドーピング型の半導体基板中に配置され、第一ドーピング型の第一領域を有するフォトダイオード、
前記第一領域から横方向にオフセットされた位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記第一ドーピング型の第二ノード領域と、前記半導体基板の正面と前記第二ノード領域との間に配置された前記第二ドーピング型の第一ノード領域とを有する画素レベルのメモリノード、
前記半導体基板の背面に対向する前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って前記第二ノード領域に配置されたメモリトランジスタゲート、
前記画素レベルのメモリノードと前記半導体基板の前記背面に沿って延伸する平面との間の位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記半導体基板により前記第一領域から分離された側壁を有する反射性材料、
前記第一領域と前記第二ノード領域との間の横方向の位置で、前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って配置された第一トランスファートランジスタゲート、
前記フォトダイオードおよび前記画素レベルのメモリノードから横方向にオフセットされた位置で前記半導体基板中に配置され、前記フォトダイオードとの間で、前記画素レベルのメモリノードが横方向に配置されているフローティング拡散ノード、および、
前記第一ノード領域と前記フローティング拡散ノードとの両方に重なる位置で前記半導体基板の前記正面に沿って配置された第二トランスファートランジスタゲート
を有すること
を特徴とするBSIイメージセンサー。 - さらに、
前記第一領域と前記半導体基板の前記正面との間に配置され、前記第二ドーピング型の第二領域を有し、
前記第一トランスファートランジスタゲートは、前記第二領域と前記第一ノード領域との間に横方向に配置されていること
を特徴とする請求項6に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - 前記メモリトランジスタゲートは、前記第一ノード領域の上に配置されていること
を特徴とする請求項7に記載のBSIイメージセンサー。 - 背面照射(BSI)イメージセンサーの形成方法であって、
撮像素子を基板中に形成する工程、
前記基板と同一のドーピング型のノード領域を有した画素レベルのメモリノードを、前記撮像素子から横方向にオフセットされる、前記基板中の位置に形成する工程、
フローティング拡散ノードを、前記撮像素子と前記フローティング拡散ノードとの間で横方向に配置された前記画素レベルのメモリノードおよび前記撮像素子から横方向にオフセットされた位置で前記基板中に形成する工程、
第二トランスファートランジスタゲートを、前記ノード領域と前記フローティング拡散ノードとの両方に重なる位置で前記基板の正面に沿って形成する工程、
メモリトランジスタゲートを、前記基板の前記正面に沿って前記画素レベルのメモリノードに形成する工程、
前記基板の背面をエッチングすることにより、前記基板において前記撮像素子から横方向に分離され、且つ前記画素レベルのメモリノードに垂直方向に重なる一つ以上のトレンチを形成する工程、および、
反射性材料を、前記一つ以上のトレンチ中に形成する工程を有すること
を特徴とする方法。 - さらに、
平坦化プロセスを実行して前記一つ以上のトレンチの外側の反射性材料を除去する工程、および、
複数の金属相互接続層を、前記基板の前記背面に対向する前記基板の前記正面に沿って配置された誘電体構造中に形成する工程を有すること
を特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
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