JP6439084B1 - 吸着体、および吸着体の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1(a)は、例えば工場等に設置される一般的な水処理システム1の概略図を示す。水処理システム1は、上水(水道水)W1、および排水リサイクル設備2から流出する処理水W2の一部が純水製造装置3を通過して純度の高い水として製造され、工場内の各用途(製品用水W21、冷却水W22、洗浄水W23)に使用される。工場内で使用された水は、工場排水W3として排水処理設備4に流入され、その一部が下水W4として放流され、残りの一部が排水処理水W5として排水リサイクル設備2に流入される。排水リサイクル設備2に流入された排水処理水W5は、懸濁物質が取り除かれてリサイクルされ、再び上水W1とともに工場内の各用途に使用される。
図1(b)は、前記した排水リサイクル設備2の概略図である。排水リサイクル設備2は、上流側には本発明に係る吸着体21、下流側に逆浸透膜22が直列的に配置されている。逆浸透膜22は公知の構造であり、具体的には、ポリアミド系材料から構成された膜分離層を備えている。吸着体21は、後述する通り、逆浸透膜22を構成するポリアミド系材料に近い構造の材料、具体的にはポリアミド樹脂より構成されるものである。
本発明の実施形態に係る吸着体21は、後述する通り、溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を空気流で延伸して製造する公知の方法であるメルトブロー法により製造され、メルトブローにより微細な繊維状となった熱可塑性樹脂を巻き取り成形するため、中心部に貫通孔212が形成された略円筒状の積層体211から構成されている。
次に、図3を用いて、吸着体21を製造するための吸着体製造装置5について説明する。吸着体製造装置5は、主に溶融射出装置51、温風装置52、巻き取り装置53から構成されている。
まず、熱可塑性樹脂として所定量のナイロンMXD6樹脂を、ホッパー511から溶融射出装置51内に投入する。
次に、投入された熱可塑性樹脂をヒーターにより略250〜330℃の温度条件のもとで溶融して軟化させ、軟化した熱可塑性樹脂をスクリュー513で射出ノズル514に向けて押し出す。
溶融により軟化した熱可塑性樹脂は、巻き取り装置53の芯棒531に向かって射出ノズル514から高温高速のホットエアーとともに射出される。このとき、ホットエアーの温度として略300〜500℃、流速として略150〜300m/secに設定される。このように、高温かつ高速のホットエアーにより熱可塑性樹脂を射出ノズル514から射出することで、熱可塑性樹脂はメルトブローされ、微細な繊維状とすることができる。
微細な繊維となった熱可塑性樹脂は、一定の回転速度(略45rpm)で回転し、かつ一定の往復速度(略4〜25mm/sec)で往復動する芯棒531により巻き取られ、所定の長さ、厚みを有する繊維の積層体211が形成される。このとき、巻き取り装置53により巻き取る際の熱可塑性樹脂の表面温度は略120〜150℃となるように、温風装置52により温度調整が行われる。
前記した巻き取り工程(S5)により、微細な繊維状となった熱可塑性樹脂の巻き取りが完了すると、積層体211からなる吸着体を芯棒531から取り外し、オーブン等の加熱装置で一定時間加熱される。
積層体211の収縮が充分に行われたと判断できる場合は、巻き取り工程(S5)において積層体211内に混入、蓄積された微小な不純物等を除去するために、一定量の洗浄水(温水)を吸着体21に通水させる。
平均径が0.52μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を135℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.34g/mL、比表面積が6.30m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が2.44μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を120℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.29g/mL、比表面積が1.34m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が3.82μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.26g/mL、比表面積が0.817m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が7.01μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.21g/mL、比表面積が0.471m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
[実施例5]
平均径が9.98μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.28g/mL、比表面積が0.327m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が3.04μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を95℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.14g/mL、比表面積が1.08m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が13.4μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.21g/mL、比表面積が0.174m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
平均径が23.1μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.30g/mL、比表面積が0.162m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
[比較例4]
平均径が42.9μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を115℃となるように吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.26g/mL、比表面積が0.079m2/gの吸着体21を得た。
2 排水リサイクル設備
21 吸着体
211 積層体
212 貫通孔
22 逆浸透膜
3 純水製造装置
4 排水処理設備
5 吸着体製造装置
51 溶融射出装置
511 ホッパー
512 モーター
513 スクリュー
514 射出ノズル
52 温風装置
53 巻き取り装置
531 芯棒
532 モーター
W1 上水(水道水)
W2 処理水
W21 製品用水
W22 冷却水
W23 洗浄水
W3 工場排水
W4 下水
W5 排水処理水
W6 濃縮水
Claims (4)
- 平均径が0.5〜10μmの熱可塑性樹脂が積層された積層体からなり、該積層体の充填密度が0.20〜0.40g/mL、及び比表面積が0.33〜6.54m2/gである
吸着体。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂である
請求項1に記載の吸着体。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、ナイロンMXD6樹脂である
請求項1に記載の吸着体。 - 熱可塑性樹脂を250〜330℃の溶融温度で溶融する工程と、
前記熱可塑性樹脂を、温度が300〜500℃、流速が150〜300m/secの空気流により射出してメルトブローする工程と、
該メルトブローする工程により繊維化された前記熱可塑性樹脂を、該熱可塑性樹脂の表面温度が100〜150℃となる温度条件のもとで巻き取る工程と、を備える
吸着体の製造方法。
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