JPWO2019163400A1 - 油吸着体、及び油吸着体の製造方法 - Google Patents
油吸着体、及び油吸着体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/007—Addition polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図1(a)は、例えば工場等に設置される一般的な油処理システム1の概略図を示す。油処理システム1は、主にグリストラップ装置3、浮上分離装置4、及び油吸着装置2から構成されている。
工場等から排出される油を含んだ被処理水W1は、先ず、このグリストラップ装置3に流入し、一時的にトラップされる。グリストラップ装置3は、油を含む被処理水W1を比重差により油成分と非油成分とに分離し、上層の油成分を例えばそのまま回収するか、図示しない油吸収シート等に吸着させることで、被処理水W1について一次の固液分離処理が施される。
グリストラップ装置3で一次の固液分離処理が施された被処理水W1は、浮上分離装置4に流入する。浮上分離装置4は、図示しないマイクロバブル発生装置により、微細気泡(マイクロバブル)を発生させ、該微細気泡で油成分を浮上させて除去する装置である。この浮上分離装置4により、被処理水W1について二次の固液分離処理が施される。
浮上分離装置4で二次の固液分離処理が施された被処理水W1は、油吸着装置2に流入する。油吸着装置2は、内部に後述する油吸着体21が設置されており、該油吸着体21に被処理水W1を通水させることで、大半の油成分が除去された処理水W1として系外に排出される。
本発明の実施形態に係る油吸着体21は、後述する通り、溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を空気流で延伸して製造する公知の方法であるメルトブロー法により製造され、メルトブローにより微細な繊維状となった熱可塑性樹脂を巻き取り成形するため、中心部に貫通孔212が形成された略円筒状の積層体211から構成されている。
次に、図3を用いて、油吸着体21を製造するための油吸着体製造装置5について説明する。油吸着体製造装置5は、主に溶融射出装置51、温風装置52、巻き取り装置53から構成されている。
まず、熱可塑性樹脂として所定量のポリプロピレン樹脂を、ホッパー511から溶融射出装置51内に投入する。
次に、投入された熱可塑性樹脂をヒーターにより略210〜300℃の温度条件のもとで溶融して軟化させ、軟化した熱可塑性樹脂をスクリュー513で射出ノズル514に向けて押し出す。
溶融により軟化した熱可塑性樹脂は、巻き取り装置53の芯棒531に向かって射出ノズル514から高温高速のホットエアーとともに射出される。このとき、ホットエアーの温度として略230〜400℃、流速として略100〜300m/secに設定される。このように、高温かつ高速のホットエアーにより熱可塑性樹脂を射出ノズル514から射出することで、熱可塑性樹脂はメルトブローされ、微細な繊維状とすることができる。
微細な繊維となった熱可塑性樹脂は、一定の回転速度(略20〜50rpm)で回転し、かつ一定の往復速度(略4〜25mm/sec)で往復動する芯棒531により巻き取られ、所定の長さ、厚みを有する繊維の積層体211が形成される。このとき、巻き取り装置53により巻き取る際の熱可塑性樹脂の表面温度は例えば略50〜100℃となるように、温風装置52により温度調整が行われる。
前記した巻き取り工程(S5)により、微細な繊維状となった熱可塑性樹脂の巻き取りが完了すると、積層体211からなる油吸着体を芯棒531から取り外し、オーブン等の加熱装置で一定時間加熱される。
積層体211の収縮が充分に行われたと判断できる場合は、巻き取り工程(S5)において積層体211内に混入、蓄積された微小な不純物等を除去するために、一定量の洗浄水(温水)を油吸着体21に通水させる。
平均径が0.72μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を84.2℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.216g/mL、比表面積が6.17m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が1.23μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を76.4℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.227g/mL、比表面積が3.61m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が3.13μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を72.4℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.207g/mL、比表面積が1.42m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が5.99μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を70.6℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.264g/mL、比表面積0.74m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が7.46μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を63.3℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.241g/mL、比表面積が0.60m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が9.84μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を56.9℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.329g/mL、比表面積が0.45m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が2.25μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を46.2℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.173g/mL、比表面積が1.98m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が17.32μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を78.8℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.365g/mL、比表面積が0.26m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が49.84μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を79.7℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.367g/mL、比表面積が0.09m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
平均径が73.36μm、巻き取り時の表面温度を81.8℃となるように油吸着体製造装置5での製造条件を設定し、充填密度が0.555g/mL、比表面積が0.06m2/gの油吸着体21を得た。
2 油吸着装置
21 油吸着体
211 積層体
212 貫通孔
3 グリストラップ装置
4 浮上分離装置
5 油吸着体製造装置
51 溶融射出装置
511 ホッパー
512 モーター
513 スクリュー
514 射出ノズル
52 温風装置
53 巻き取り装置
531 芯棒
532 モーター
W1 被処理水
W2 処理水
Claims (3)
- 平均径が0.5〜10μmの熱可塑性樹脂が積層された積層体からなり、該積層体の充填密度が0.20〜0.40g/mL、及び比表面積が0.44〜8.89m2/gである
油吸着体。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリプロピレン樹脂である
請求項1に記載の油吸着体。 - 熱可塑性樹脂を210〜300℃の溶融温度で溶融する工程と、
前記熱可塑性樹脂を、温度が230〜400℃、流速が100〜300m/secの空気流により射出してメルトブローする工程と、
該メルトブローする工程により繊維化された前記熱可塑性樹脂を巻き取る工程と、を備える
油吸着体の製造方法。
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PCT/JP2018/006541 WO2019163062A1 (ja) | 2018-02-22 | 2018-02-22 | 吸着体、および吸着体の製造方法 |
PCT/JP2019/002463 WO2019163400A1 (ja) | 2018-02-22 | 2019-01-25 | 油吸着体、及び油吸着体の製造方法 |
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