JP6415437B2 - 癌の処置における特異的免疫療法を向上する方法 - Google Patents
癌の処置における特異的免疫療法を向上する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国仮特許出願第61/701,914号(2012年9月17日出願)、米国仮特許出願第61/756,818号(2013年1月25日出願)、および、米国仮特許出願第61/759,532号(2013年2月1日出願)の優先権の利益を主張しており、各々は、その全体が、引用によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明の方法および組成物は、癌の処置における特異的免疫療法の向上に関する。
免疫系は、外来性抗原を認識し、外来性抗原または外来性抗原を発現する病原体もしくは細胞の除去をもたらす多数の細胞型を含む協調的応答を組織化する。免疫系は、細菌、ウイルスおよび寄生虫を含むがこれらに限定されない侵入微生物からの保護、異常なまたは変異した細胞(癌)の監視および除去に極めて重要である。免疫系はまた、身体への医学的デバイスの挿入または異種臓器もしくは細胞の移植に対する反応によって、治療介入の障害をもたらす。
そのため、免疫療法の癌を処置する能力を向上できる方法についての必要性がある。
本発明の局面は、複合糖質医薬化合物を単独でまたは癌の免疫療法の有効性を増大させ得る他の標的化免疫療法と組み合わせて使用して免疫機能をブーストする新規方法に関する。
本発明の局面は、免疫機能をブーストできる組成物、組成物を使用する方法および製造する方法に関する。
本発明は、さらに、添付の図面の記載で説明される。ここで、似た構造は、幾つかの図を通して似た数字によって記載される。示された図面は必ずしも縮尺通りではなく、むしろ本発明の原理を説明する上で一般に強調されている。
本発明の詳細な態様は、本明細書に開示される。しかし、開示された態様は、様々な形態で具体化され得る本発明の例にすぎない。さらに、本発明の様々な態様に関連して示される例はそれぞれ、例示であって、制限的でないことを意図される。さらに、図は必ずしも縮尺通りではなく、幾つかの特徴が特定の成分の詳細を示すために誇張され得る。さらに、図中に示された測定値、仕様などは何れも例示であって制限的でないことが意図される。そのため、本明細書に開示された具体的な構造上および機能上の詳細は、限定と解釈されるべきでなく、単に本発明を様々に使用する当業者への教示のための代表例と解釈される。
全腫瘍量=指標病変のSPD+測定可能な新規病変のSPD。
Ki−67および/またはグランザイム B発現を含むがこれらに限定されない様々な方法によって示されるとき、循環CD8+またはCD4+ T細胞の活性化の証拠の少なくとも10%増加
腫瘍抗原特異的CD8+またはCD4+ T細胞の少なくとも10%増加
腫瘍サイズまたは進行の少なくとも10%応答速度
無増悪生存期間(癌が進行しない患者の生存期間)または患者の全生存期間の延長
原発性腫瘍から遠隔転移のサイズまたは数の少なくとも10%減少
標準治療のみ、治療せず、または免疫調節剤のみを含む治療と比較したとき、免疫関連応答基準によって評価した全腫瘍量について、統計学的に有意な差異
の少なくとも一つをもたらし得る。
本実施例では、マウスの癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。使用した腫瘍細胞は、マウスの前立腺癌に由来するTRAMP−C1細胞株であった。これらの細胞を導き出すために、SV40大T抗原をトランスジェニックマウスにおいて前立腺特異的遺伝子プロモーターで発現させ、それによって前立腺組織中で特異的にSV40大T細胞を発現させた。TRAMP−C1細胞株は、得られた前立腺腫瘍に由来した。重要なことに、当該細胞株はSV40大T抗原を発現しない。腫瘍モデルにおいて、TRAMP−C1細胞(1×106細胞)を、皮下注射によって、正常なC57BL/6マウスに接種した。
本実施例では、マウスの癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。使用した腫瘍細胞は、実施例1に記載したマウスの前立腺癌に由来するTRAMP−C1細胞株であった。
図6は、6処置群のマウスの生存曲線を示す。抗OX40および抗CTLA4のGA−RGとの組み合わせにより処置された群は、生存率が二倍であった。
本実施例では、マウスの乳癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。使用した腫瘍細胞は、自然発生的BALB/c乳癌に由来する同系乳癌細胞株である4T1であった。同所に導入されたとき、4T1株は、原発部位で急速に増殖し、3〜6週に亘って肺、肝臓、骨および脳に転移を形成する。尾静脈または動脈を介して導入されたとき、転移は同じ臓器で1〜2週後に見られる。ヒト乳癌で影響を受ける臓器への急速かつ効率的な転移は、4T1モデルをヒトの乳癌の転移性進行を調べるための優れたマウスモデルとする。モデルがBALB/cマウスで同系であるため、それは腫瘍成長および転移における免疫系の役割を調べるために使用できる。これらの実験の腫瘍モデルのために、4T1細胞(5×104細胞)を、正常なC57BL/6マウスに皮下注射によって接種した。
本実施例では、4T1細胞を使用したマウスの乳癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。
本実施例は、腫瘍を接種したマウスの次の2群中各2群ずつの4処置群を含む:接種後4日目、8日目、11日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しで、IgG処置コントロールマウス;および、接種後4日目、8日目、11日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しで、抗OX40(250μg)で処置されたマウス。
肺転移数を、動物において、均一化した肺から増殖した独立細胞クローン数を評価するクローン原性アッセイを使用して評価した。図8Bに示した通り、抗OX40およびGA−RGの組み合わせで処置したマウスの肺転移数は、抗OX−40単独で処置したマウスの10倍減少した。
本実施例では、4T−1細胞を使用したマウスの乳癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。
本実施例は、腫瘍を接種したマウスの次の2群中各2群ずつの4処置群を含む:接種後4日目、8日目、11日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しで、IgG処置コントロールマウス;および、接種後4日目、8日目、11日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しで、抗OX40 (250μg)で処置されたマウス。
対照的に、GR−1中間/CD11b陽性細胞の数は、抗OX40およびGA−RG(このグラフでMD02とラベルした)で処置した動物で、相反的に減少した。
また、これらの結果は、単核細胞/マクロファージの表現型が、併用治療した腫瘍を有するマウスの循環および腫瘍微小環境で変化し得ることを示唆する。
本実施例ではMCA205細胞を使用したマウス肉腫癌の同系モデルで実験を行った。
本実施例は、腫瘍を接種した次の2群中各2群ずつの4処置群を含む:接種後4日目、6日目、8日目、11日目、13日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しでIgG処置コントロールマウス(250μg;4日目、8日目);および、接種後4日目、6日目、8日目、11日目、13日目および15日目に、GA−RG(2.4mg/投与)と共におよび無しで、抗OX40(250μg;4日目、8日目)で処置されたマウス。
ガレクチン−3の発現を、これらの実験に使用した腫瘍細胞株、ならびに他の腫瘍細胞株で評価した。
これらの結果は、さらに、GA−RGとの組み合わせ治療への腫瘍の応答がガレクチン−3の発現レベルと相関していることを示唆している。
腫瘍浸潤性リンパ球の免疫抑制および細胞溶解機能は、患者において有効な治療を作る際の主要な障害である。ガレクチン−3は、レクチンファミリーのメンバーであり、乳癌および前立腺癌を含む多くの癌で発現される。さらに、それは、前立腺上皮、マクロファージおよび活性化リンパ球によって広範に発現される。
ガレクチン−3の炎症制御作用およびCD8 T細胞機能が分からないため、この点を調べるために実験を行った。
Claims (7)
- 処置を必要とする対象における癌の処置のための非経腸投与用組成物であって、薬学的に許容される担体中にあり、
a. 治療有効量の、α−1,2−結合ラムノースおよびα−1,4−結合ガラクツロン酸(GalA)残基の交互オリゴマーの分枝ヘテロポリマーに結合した1,4−結合GalAおよびガラクツロン酸メチル(MeGalA)残基骨格を含み、該ラムノース残基が1,4−β−D−ガラクトース残基、1,5−α−L−アラビノース残基またはその組み合わせのオリゴマーの主な分枝を有するものであるガラクトアラビノ−ラムノガラクツロネート
を含み、
b. 治療有効量の、OX40、CTLA−4、PD−1、PD−L1もしくはPD−L2に結合できるモノクローナル抗体またはそれらの組み合わせである免疫調節剤
をさらに含むか、または該免疫調節剤と組み合わせて投与される、組成物。 - 免疫調節剤が、OX40、CTLA−4もしくはPD−1に結合できるモノクローナル抗体またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- (i) α−1,2−結合ラムノースおよびα−1,4−結合ガラクツロン酸(GalA)残基の交互オリゴマーの分枝ヘテロポリマーに結合した1,4−結合GalAおよびガラクツロン酸メチル(MeGalA)残基骨格を含み、該ラムノース残基が1,4−β−D−ガラクトース残基、1,5−α−L−アラビノース残基またはその組み合わせのオリゴマーの主な分枝を有するものであるガラクトアラビノ−ラムノガラクツロネート(GA−RG)
を許容される医薬担体中に含む、癌の処置のための非経腸または経腸投与用組成物であって、
(ii) 治療有効量の、OX40、CTLA−4、PD−1、PD−L1もしくはPD−L2に結合できるモノクローナル抗体またはそれらの組み合わせである免疫調節剤
をさらに含むか、または該免疫調節剤と組み合わせて投与され、
その投与により、
CD8+ T細胞、CD4+ T細胞またはCD8+ T細胞およびCD4+ T細胞の活性化において少なくとも10%増大;
腫瘍抗原特異的CD8+またはCD4+ T細胞の少なくとも10%増大;
腫瘍サイズの少なくとも10%減少;
転移サイズの少なくとも10%減少;
転移数の少なくとも10%減少;
治療有効量の免疫調節剤単独で処置したコントロール対象と比較したとき全腫瘍量の減少
のうち少なくとも一つが得られる、組成物。 - さらに、治療有効量の、CD27もしくは4−1BBに結合できるモノクローナル抗体またはそれらの組み合わせを含むか、またはそれと組み合わせて投与される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- さらに、治療有効量の、OX40L、CD70もしくは4−1BBLに結合できるモノクローナル抗体またはそれらの組み合わせを含むか、またはそれと組み合わせて投与される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- ガラクトアラビノ−ラムノガラクツロネートが、20kDa〜70kDaの範囲の平均分子量を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- ガラクトアラビノ−ラムノガラクツロネートが、さらに、キシロース、グルコース、フコース残基またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の組成物。
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CA2885970C (en) | 2020-10-20 |
CN104812244A (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
KR102207767B1 (ko) | 2021-01-26 |
KR20150085508A (ko) | 2015-07-23 |
DK2900061T3 (da) | 2020-03-02 |
ES2773921T3 (es) | 2020-07-15 |
US20140086932A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
CN104812244B (zh) | 2018-10-30 |
BR112015005772A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
EP2900061A4 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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AU2013315019A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
CA2885970A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
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