JP6412876B2 - グルテン不耐症および関連する状態の治療 - Google Patents
グルテン不耐症および関連する状態の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6412876B2 JP6412876B2 JP2015543220A JP2015543220A JP6412876B2 JP 6412876 B2 JP6412876 B2 JP 6412876B2 JP 2015543220 A JP2015543220 A JP 2015543220A JP 2015543220 A JP2015543220 A JP 2015543220A JP 6412876 B2 JP6412876 B2 JP 6412876B2
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Images
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Description
別段の規定のない限り、本明細書で用いられる全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明の属する技術分野の当業者が一般的に理解するものと同一の意味を有する。本発明の実施または検査のため、本明細書に記載されるものと同様または均等な方法および物質を使用可能であるが、好ましい方法、装置、および物質を以下に記載する。本明細書は、本明細書において引用される全ての技術刊行物および特許公報の全体を、参考として組み込む。本明細書のいかなる内容も、先行発明によって、本発明がそのような開示に先行することが認められていないことを承認したと解釈されるものではない。
・疾患または障害を予防するまたは疾患または障害から保護すること、すなわち、異常な生物学的反応または症状を進行させないこと
・疾患または障害を抑制すること、すなわち、異常な生物学的反応および/または臨床状態の進行を阻止するまたは抑えること、および/または
・疾患または障害を軽減させること、すなわち、異常な生物学的反応および/または臨床状態を元に戻すこと
を含む。
一態様において、グルテン不耐症の患者のグルテン不耐症を調節する方法であって、その患者に有効量のネペンテシンまたはその誘導体を投与することを含む方法を提供する。
化学品
水およびアセトニトリル、HPLCグレード形態のBurdick&JacksonをVWR社から購入した。ギ酸、トリス、グリシンは、Sigma Aldrich社から購入した。
Nepenthes rafflesiana、Nepenthes ampularia、Nepenthes mirabilis、およびNepenthes globosaの移植体をKeehns Carnivores社(http://www.keehnscarnivores.ca)から購入した。これらを、木の樹皮、パーライト、ピートモス及び腐植(それぞれ40、35、10、5%)で鉢植した。成長条件としては、1日につき14時間光を当て、湿度80%、23〜28℃の温度で、週に2〜3回水やりをした。嚢状葉の成熟に際し、植物に、嚢状葉毎に1匹または2匹のショウジョウバエを与え、1週間後に嚢状葉の液体を採取した。嚢状葉とその分泌液を、第2段階の給餌および抽出前の一週間、回復させた。
嚢状葉液を全4種の植物から回収し、混合した。まず、粗嚢状葉液を0.22μmフィルターを通して、精製し、その後、アミコンウルトラ遠心10kDa分子量カットオフフィルターを使用して80〜100倍に濃縮した(共に、Millipore社製)。消化で使用する前に、濃縮物を100mMグリシンHCl(pH2.5)を用いて酸で3時間活性化し、その後、洗浄ごとに10倍の液体を使用して、濾過装置において、100mMグリシン−HCl(pH2.5)で3回洗浄した。その後、最終単離物を嚢状葉液の元のサンプルに基づき、11倍の濃縮物に再び希釈した。
水素/重水素交換(HDX)用途用に設計されたLEAP HTX−PALオートサンプラーおよびディスペンスシステムを使用し、タンパク質の消化を行い、データをAB Sciex Triple−TOF 5600 QqTOF質量分析計で収集した。MS/MSデータからMascot (v2.3)を用いて、ペプチドを同定した。つまり、8μLの8μM タンパク質(XRCC4、XLF、リガーゼ IV−タンデムBRCTドメイン、PNK、ミオグロビン、またはシトクロムC)を10μLの11倍濃縮液体と、10℃で2分間混合した。ミオグロビンおよびシトクロムCは、Sigma社から購入した。1μMの基質濃度に希釈後、15μLを質量分析計に接続された冷却逆相LCシステム(4℃)に注入した。ペプチドを5cmの200μm i.d. Onyx C18モノリス型カラム(Phenomenex社)で捕捉し、3%〜40%のアセトニトリル勾配で10分間溶出させた。これら分析で検出されたペプチドを、気相分取法(gas−phase fractionation strategy)に似た、MS/MSスペクトルの複数の情報依存性取得におけるCID断片化のため選択した。Blonder Jら、「質量分析法による、気相分取を用いたナチュラルキラー細胞ミクロソームのプロテオミクス研究(Proteomic investigation of natural killer cell microsomes using gas−phase fractionation by mass spectrometry)Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta−Proteins and Proteomics 1698(1):87−95 (2004)。スペクトルを全6つのタンパク質の配列を保存している小規模データベースで探索した。配列結果を手動で確認した。
BRCTを含むXRCC4(1−200)およびBRCTを含むXRCC4(完全長)の保存溶液を緩衝液(10mN トリス−HCl、pH7.5)で等モル濃度(10mM)まで希釈し、4℃で少なくとも30分間培養し、錯体形成を促進させた。試料をHDX分析まで4℃に維持した。D2O(25%v/v)を添加しつつ、アリコートを20℃で2分間、重水素化した。その後、アリコートを2の方法で消化した。第1の消化法において、タンパク質の重水素化物を試料に100mMの冷グリシン−HCl(pH2.5)を添加することにより急冷し、急冷タンパク質溶液をペプシンマイクロリアクターに注入した。このマイクロリアクターを注入バルブとC18カラムの間のHTX−PALシステムに搭載した。タンパク質消化物を、モノリス型C18キャピラリーカラムで捉え、質量分析計に溶出させた。マイクロリアクターを含む全液体要素を4℃で冷やし、分析時間(<15分)重水素化の逆交換を最小限とした。第2の消化法において、等量の重水素化タンパク質を急冷し、同時に、3μLまたは5μLの11倍ネペンテス液で、それぞれ3または5分間、10℃で消化させた。試料を質量分析計に接続された冷却LCシステムに注入した。
嚢状葉液の抽出
嚢状葉植物の分泌液を濃縮し、消化酵素をpHを低下(pH2.5)させることにより、活性化させた。濃縮工程およびプロテオーム液による活性化による影響をプロテオミクス法を用いて決定した。まず、ネペンテシン酵素の存在を確認するため、非活性な濃縮物をSDS−PAGEにより分離した。ごくわずかにクマシー染色された7つの連続したゲル領域をトリプシンで消化し、標準的な方法を用いてナノLC−MS/MSで分析した。活性化したプロテアーゼ液の完全なカタログとなることを期待してはいないが、分析により、植物由来のアスパラギン酸プロテアーゼ ネペンテシンI/IIの存在に加え、グルカナーゼ、キチナーゼ、カルボキシペプチダーゼおよびペルオキシダーゼ、さらにはわずかなレベルのショウジョウバエおよび細菌汚染を確認した。プロテオーム液の複雑性の低さは、細菌の分析、Hatano N、Hamada T(2012)の「食虫植物Nepenthes alataの嚢状葉液の餌動物の成分により導かれる分泌タンパク質のプロテオーム解析(Proteomic analysis of secreted protein induced by a component of prey in pitcher fluid of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata) Journal of Proteomics 3;75(15):4844−52 (Epub Jun. 15, 2012)と一致したが、 この分析において、ネペンテシン−Iが、幅広い質量範囲(40〜70kDa)に分布していることが分かった。その後、酸活性化液体を同様の様式で処理し、分析した。活性化工程により、全タンパク質収量が減少し、組成物の簡略化が見られた。ネペンテシン−Iとは別に、ケラチンとアクチンからのみわずかな汚染が見られた。これら分析は、ネペンテシンが主成分である濃液体の複雑さの低さを示す。活性化および80倍に濃縮した液体の総タンパク質濃度は、BCAアッセイにより計測により、22ng/μLであった。この値は、液体の濃縮について記述する以前の研究(Tokes ZAら「食虫植物Nepenthes−Macferlanei−Lにより分泌される消化酵素(Digestive Enzymes Secreted by Carnivorous Plant Nepenthes−Macferlanei−L)」 Planta 119(1):39−46(1974))と一致した。
ネペンテシンによりグリアジンの消化を水素/重水素交換(HDX)用途用に設計されたLEAP HTX−PALオートサンプラーおよびディスペンスシステムを用いて、溶液中で実行した。データをAB Sciex Triple−TOF 5600 QqTOF 質量分析計を用いて収集した。ペプチドをMS/MSデータからMascot (v2.3)を用いて同定した。簡潔に説明すると、12pmolの粗グリアジン(Sigma Aldrich社から購入)を、2μLの100倍濃縮液体と混合した。消化後、全容量を質量分析計に接続された逆相LCシステムに注入した。ペプチドを7cmの150μm i.d.Magic C18カラムで捕捉し、10分または30分、10%〜40%のアセトニトリル勾配で溶出した。これら分析で検出されたペプチドを、MS/MSスペクトルの複数の情報依存性取得方式におけるCID断片化のため選択した。スペクトルを、全ての同定された小麦グリアジン(α、β、γ、ω)タンパク質、さらに低高分子量のグルテニンの配列を含有する小型のデータベースで探索した。図5は、37℃で1分、5分、10分、15分、30分、60分、130分、360分または810分後、LC−MS/MSを用いて、小麦からのグリアジンのネペンテシン消化物から同定された全てのペプチドの平均長を示す。偽陽性同定を排除するため、スコアにおける信頼水準95%のカットオフ値を使用した。ペプチド長の相対標準偏差を入れ子の図に示す。
Claims (18)
- それを必要とする患者においてグルテン不耐症、セリアック病、小麦アレルギー、または疱疹状皮膚炎の治療において使用するためのネペンテシンI、ネペンテシンII、またはそれらの塩を含む医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物がグルテンを含有するかまたはグルテンを含有する可能性のある食物の摂取前に前記患者に投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物がグルテンを含有するかまたはグルテンを含有する可能性のある食物の摂取と共に前記患者に投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物がグルテンを含有するかまたはグルテンを含有する可能性のある食物の摂取後に前記患者に投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ネペンテシンIが投与される、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- ネペンテシンIIが投与される、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- ネペンテシンI、ネペンテシンII、および/またはそれらの塩を含む、患者においてグルテン不耐症または関連する状態の治療において使用するための組成物であって、
グルテン源をさらに含み、
前記グルテン源は、小麦、ライ麦、および大麦の製品からなる群より選択される、組成物。 - 栄養補助食品である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 医薬組成物である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 食物である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物は、グルテンを含有するかまたはグルテンを含有する可能性のある食物の摂取前の患者への投与用である、請求項7ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- ネペンテシンIまたはその薬学的に許容可能な塩を含む、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- ネペンテシンIIまたはその薬学的に許容可能な塩を含む、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- ネペンテシンIおよびネペンテシンIIまたはこれら各々の薬学的に許容可能な塩を含む、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- ネペンテシンI、ネペンテシンII、および/またはそれらの薬学的に許容可能な塩は、約pH5以上である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 胃のプロテアーゼ、アスパラギン酸プロテアーゼ、およびプロピルエンドペプチダーゼからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの付加酵素をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- トランスグルタミナーゼの阻害剤、抗炎症剤、COX−2阻害剤、p38MAPキナーゼ阻害剤、肥満細胞安定化剤、抗潰瘍剤、抗アレルギー剤、および抗TNFα剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの付加剤をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が経口投与される、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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