JP6287845B2 - 有機薄膜太陽電池 - Google Patents
有機薄膜太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6287845B2 JP6287845B2 JP2014539832A JP2014539832A JP6287845B2 JP 6287845 B2 JP6287845 B2 JP 6287845B2 JP 2014539832 A JP2014539832 A JP 2014539832A JP 2014539832 A JP2014539832 A JP 2014539832A JP 6287845 B2 JP6287845 B2 JP 6287845B2
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- conductive polymer
- solar cell
- polymer layer
- organic thin
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
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- BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxymethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC1=CC=CC=C1 BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical class CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical class CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFZLGKHSYILJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[2,3-c]thiophene Chemical compound S1C=C2SC=CC2=C1 PFZLGKHSYILJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVBCFBRGFCGJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[3,4-d][1,3]dioxole Chemical compound S1C=C2OCOC2=C1 AVBCFBRGFCGJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005208 trialkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical class CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明の有機薄膜太陽電池は、少なくとも表面に導電性部分を有する透明基体から成る陽極と、該陽極の導電性部分の上に積層された導電性ポリマー層から成る正孔取り出し層と、からなる電極体を備えており、上記導電性ポリマー層は、置換チオフェンから選択された少なくとも一種のモノマーから構成されたポリマーと、該ポリマーに対するドーパントとしての、非スルホン酸系有機化合物であって該化合物のアニオンの分子量が200以上である少なくとも一種の化合物から発生したアニオンと、を含み、且つ、1〜100nm、好ましくは1〜25nmの範囲の厚みを有する。そして、この導電性ポリマー層は、上記モノマーと上記非スルホン酸系有機化合物とを含む電解重合用の重合液を得る調製工程、及び、得られた重合液に陽極を導入し、電解重合を行うことにより、上記モノマーの重合により得られた導電性ポリマー層を陽極の導電性部分の上に形成する重合工程、を含む方法により製造することができる。以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。
この工程で調製する電解重合用の重合液は、水リッチ溶媒と、モノマーとしての置換チオフェンと、上述した特定範囲の非スルホン酸系有機化合物と、を必須成分として含む。
上述の調製工程により得られた重合液に、少なくとも表面に導電性部分を有する透明基体から成る作用極(太陽電池における陽極、導電性ポリマー層の基体)と対極とを導入し、電解重合を行うことにより、置換チオフェンの重合により得られた導電性ポリマー層を作用極の導電性部分の上に形成し、有機薄膜太陽電池のための電極体を得る。
有機薄膜太陽電池は、上述した陽極と正孔取り出し層とが一体に積層された電極体と、正孔取り出し層上に積層された正孔輸送体と電子輸送体とを含む光電変換層と、該光電変換層上に積層された陰極と、を備えている。陽極の導電性部分の上に形成された導電性ポリマー層は、従来のPEDOT:PSS層に比較して、優れた電気化学的活性と耐熱性とを有している。
電極体A
ガラス容器に蒸留水50mLを導入し、この液にp−ニトロフェノールを0.10Mの濃度で、EDOTを0.0148Mの濃度で、ボロジサリチル酸アンモニウムを0.08Mの濃度で、この順番に添加して攪拌し、全てのEDOTが溶解した重合液を得た。得られた重合液に、1cm2の面積を有するITO電極(ITO層表面抵抗:10Ω/□)を作用極として、5cm2の面積を有するSUSメッシュを対極として、それぞれ導入し、100μA/cm2の条件で定電流電解重合を行った。重合時間は、異なる厚みのPEDOT層が得られるように、0.2〜6分の範囲で調整した。重合後の作用極をメタノールで洗浄した後、160℃で30分間乾燥することにより、ITO電極上に10〜200nmの厚みのPEDOT層(ドーパント:ボロジサリチル酸アニオン)が形成された電極体を得た。PEDOT層の密度は、約1.6g/cm3であった。
ガラス容器に蒸留水50mLを導入し、この液に、EDOTを0.0148Mの濃度で、ビス(ペンタフルオロエタンスルホニル)イミド酸ナトリウムを0.08Mの濃度で、添加して攪拌し、全てのEDOTが溶解した重合液を得た。得られた重合液に、1cm2の面積を有するITO電極(ITO層表面抵抗:10Ω/□)を作用極として、5cm2の面積を有するSUSメッシュを対極として、それぞれ導入し、100μA/cm2の条件で定電流電解重合を1分間行った。重合後の作用極をメタノールで洗浄した後、160℃で30分間乾燥することにより、ITO電極上に35nmの厚みのPEDOT層(ドーパント:ビス(ペンタフルオロエタンスルホニル)イミド酸アニオン)が形成された電極体を得た。PEDOT層の密度は、約1.6g/cm3であった。
1cm2の面積を有するITO電極(ITO層表面抵抗:10Ω/□)上に、市販のPEDOT:PSS水性分散液(商品名バイトロンP:スタルク社製)の100μLをキャストし、2000rpmの回転数で30秒間スピンコートを行った。次いで、160℃で30分間乾燥し、PEDOT:PSS層を有する電極体を得た。
実施例1
[6,6]−フェニル−C61−酪酸メチルエステル(PCBM)とポリ−3−ヘキシルチオフェン(P3HT)との濃度2質量%のクロロベンゼン溶液(P3HTとPCBMの質量比5:3)を、光電変換層用塗工液として調製した。次いで、厚み35nmのPEDOT層を有する電極体AのPEDOT層上に上記塗工液をキャストし、1500rpmの回転数で60秒間スピンコートを行うことにより、光電変換層(膜厚:約100nm)を形成した。
厚み35nmのPEDOT層を有する電極体Aの代わりに電極体Bを用いて、実施例1の手順を繰り返した。
厚み35nmのPEDOT層を有する電極体Aの代わりに、厚み200nmのPEDOT層を有する電極体Aを用いて、実施例1の手順を繰り返した。
厚み35nmのPEDOT層を有する電極体Aの代わりに電極体Cを用いて、実施例1の手順を繰り返した。
実施例1,2及び比較例1,2の有機薄膜太陽電池について、ソーラシュミレータによる100mW/cm2、AM1.5Gの照射条件下での電流−電圧特性を評価した。測定は、光を陽極側から照射して行った。表2に、得られた短絡電流密度、開放電圧、曲線因子、及び光電変換効率を示す。
Claims (3)
- 少なくとも表面に導電性部分を有する透明基体から成る陽極と、
該陽極の導電性部分の上に積層された導電性ポリマー層から成る正孔取り出し層と、
該正孔取り出し層上に積層された、正孔輸送体と電子輸送体とを含む光電変換層と、
該光電変換層上に積層された陰極と、
を備えた有機薄膜太陽電池であって、
前記導電性ポリマー層が、
3位と4位に置換基を有するチオフェンから成る群から選択された少なくとも一種のモノマーから構成されたポリマーと、
該ポリマーに対するドーパントとしての、非スルホン酸系有機化合物であって該化合物のアニオンの分子量が200以上である少なくとも一種の化合物から発生したアニオンと、
を含み、且つ、1〜100nmの範囲の厚みを有し、
前記非スルホン酸系有機化合物が、ボロジサリチル酸及びボロジサリチル酸塩から成る群から選択された少なくとも一種の化合物である
ことを特徴とする有機薄膜太陽電池。 - 前記導電性ポリマー層の密度が1.60〜1.80g/cm3の範囲である、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池。
- 前記モノマーが3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェンである、請求項1又は2に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池。
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