JP6270715B2 - ボイルオフガス冷却方法及び装置 - Google Patents
ボイルオフガス冷却方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6270715B2 JP6270715B2 JP2014503213A JP2014503213A JP6270715B2 JP 6270715 B2 JP6270715 B2 JP 6270715B2 JP 2014503213 A JP2014503213 A JP 2014503213A JP 2014503213 A JP2014503213 A JP 2014503213A JP 6270715 B2 JP6270715 B2 JP 6270715B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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Description
液化カーゴからのボイルオフガス流を、少なくとも第1段階、第2段階、及び最終段階を含む3つ以上の圧縮段階で圧縮して、圧縮排出流を提供するステップであって、連続する圧縮段階間で中間的圧縮BOG流が提供されるステップ;
圧縮排出流を冷却して、冷却された圧縮排出流を提供するステップ;
冷却された圧縮排出流の一部を、随意的にさらに冷却し、膨張させて、(i)第2圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの、1つ以上の中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、1つ以上の冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流を提供し、随意的に、(ii)上記冷却された圧縮排出流の、随意的にさらに冷却した後の1つ以上の部分と熱交換するステップ;及び、
上記1つ以上の冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流を、次の圧縮段階に渡すステップ。
ボイルオフガス流を第1圧縮段階で圧縮して、第1の中間的圧縮BOG流を中間的圧縮BOG流として提供するステップ;
上記第1の中間的圧縮BOG流を、随意的に熱交換して冷却された第1の中間的圧縮BOG流を提供した後に、第2圧縮段階で圧縮して、第2の中間的圧縮BOG流を、中間的圧縮BOG流として提供するステップ。
上記冷却された圧縮排出流を、冷却された圧縮排出流の継続と、冷却された圧縮排出分流とに分割するステップ;
冷却された圧縮排出分流を膨張させて、膨張した冷却排出流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した冷却排出流を、第2圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した冷却排出流をフラッシングして(気泡を流して)、頂部で膨張した冷却排出流を提供するステップ;
上記頂部で膨張した冷却排出流を、第2圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した冷却排出流を、上記冷却された圧縮排出流の継続と熱交換して、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流を提供するステップ。
上記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流を、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流の継続と、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出分流とに分割するステップ;
上記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出分流を膨張させて、膨張した追加的な冷却排出流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流を、第1圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、冷却された中間的圧縮流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流をフラッシングして、頂部で膨張した追加的な冷却排出ガスを提供するステップ;
上記頂部で膨張した追加的な冷却排出流を、第1圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流を提供するステップ。
上記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流を、上記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流の継続と熱交換して、冷却戻り流を提供するステップ。
上記冷却戻り流を膨張させて、膨張した冷却戻り流を提供するステップ。
液化カーゴからのボイルオフガス流を圧縮するための多段階圧縮システムであって、少なくとも第1段階、第2段階、及び最終段階を含む3つ以上の圧縮段階を具えて、圧縮排出流を提供し、連続する圧縮段階間で中間的圧縮BOG流を提供する多段階圧縮システム;
上記圧縮排出流を冷却して、冷却された圧縮排出流を提供する第1熱交換器;及び、
冷却された圧縮排出流の一部を、随意的にさらに冷却し、膨張させて、(i)第2圧縮段階と最終圧縮段階との間から選択した連続する段階からの、1つ以上の中間的圧縮BOG流と熱交換して、1つ以上の冷却した中間的圧縮BOG流を次の圧縮段階に提供し、随意的に、(ii)上記冷却された圧縮排出流の、随意的にさらに冷却した後の1つ以上の部分と熱交換するための、1つ以上の追加的熱交換器。
この例は、2つのLPG再液化システム、即ち、フラッシュ液体半冷却を第1及び第2の中間的圧縮BOG流に対して実行する本発明によるシステム(即ち、第1の中間段階エコノマイザー内でフラッシュ液体半冷却も実行する図3の実施形態)、及びフラッシュ液体半冷却を第1の中間的圧縮流にしか実行しない(即ち、第1の追加的熱交換器/第2の中間段階エコノマイザーなしの)比較例のシステムの、所要電力、冷却能力、及び性能係数の仮説的計算値を提供する。
Claims (22)
- 液化カーゴからのボイルオフガス(BOG)流(01)を海上の輸送船内で冷却する方法であって、前記液化カーゴが、1気圧で-110℃より高い沸点を有し、かつ、液化石油ガス、プロピレンから選択した液化石油化学ガス、及び液化アンモニアから成るグループから選択したものである方法において:
前記液化カーゴからのボイルオフガス流(01)を、少なくとも第1圧縮段階(65)、第2圧縮段階(70)、及び最終圧縮段階(75)を含む3つ以上の圧縮段階で圧縮して、圧縮排出流(06)を提供するステップであって、連続する前記圧縮段階間に中間的圧縮BOG流(02,04)が提供されるステップと;
前記圧縮排出流(06)を水流で冷却して、冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)を提供するステップと;
前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を膨張させて、(i)前記第2圧縮段階と前記最終圧縮段階(75)との間の各隣接する2つの圧縮段階間に提供される前記中間的圧縮BOG流のうち選択した1つ以上の前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換して、1つ以上の冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を提供するステップと;
前記1つ以上の冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を、次の前記圧縮段階(75)に渡すステップと
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記1つ以上の冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を提供するステップにおいて、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を、膨張させる前にさらに冷却し、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を、1つ以上の前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換した後に、(ii)前記冷却された圧縮排出流(07)の、さらに冷却した後の1つ以上の部分(07a,108a)と熱交換することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも:
前記ボイルオフガス流(01)を、前記第1圧縮段階(65)で圧縮して、第1の中間的圧縮BOG流(02)を、前記中間的圧縮BOG流として提供するステップと;
前記第1の中間的圧縮BOG流(02)を前記第2圧縮段階(70)で圧縮して、第2の中間的圧縮BOG流(04)を、前記中間的圧縮BOG流として提供するステップと
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の中間的圧縮BOG流(02)を、前記第2圧縮段階(70)で圧縮する前に熱交換して、冷却された第1の中間的圧縮BOG流(03)を提供
することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)を、冷却された圧縮排出流の継続(07a)と、冷却された圧縮排出分流(09)とに分割するステップと;
前記冷却された圧縮排出分流(09)を膨張させて、膨張した冷却排出流(19)を提供するステップと
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記膨張した冷却排出流(19)を、前記第2圧縮段階(70)からの中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換して、前記冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を提供するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した冷却排出流(19)をフラッシングして、頂部で膨張した冷却排出流を提供するステップと;
前記頂部で膨張した冷却排出流(31)を、前記第2圧縮段階(70)からの前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換して、前記冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を提供するステップと
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)が、第2の中間的圧縮BOG流であり、前記冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(05)が、冷却された第2の中間的圧縮BOG流であることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した冷却排出流(19)を、前記冷却された圧縮排出流の継続(07a)と熱交換して、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流(108)を提供するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項5〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流(108)を、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流の継続(108a)と、追加的な冷却された圧縮排出分流(11)とに分割するステップと;
前記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出分流(11)を膨張させて、膨張した追加的な冷却排出流(21)を提供するステップと
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。 - 前記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流(21)を、前記第1圧縮段階(65)からの前記中間的圧縮BOG流(02)と熱交換して、前記冷却された中間的圧縮流(03)を提供するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流(21)をフラッシングして、頂部で膨張した追加的な冷却排出ガスを提供するステップと;
前記頂部で膨張した追加的な冷却排出流を、前記第1圧縮段階(65からの前記中間的圧縮BOG流(02)と熱交換して、前記冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(03)を提供するステップと
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記中間的圧縮BOG流(02)が第1の中間的圧縮BOG流であり、前記冷却された中間的圧縮BOG流(03)が、冷却された第1の中間的圧縮BOG流であることを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した追加的な冷却排出流(21)を、前記追加的な冷却された圧縮排出流の継続(108a)と熱交換して、冷却戻り流(08)を提供するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記冷却戻り流(08)を膨張させて、膨張した冷却戻り流(10)を提供するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記液化カーゴがLPGであることを特徴とする請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記液化カーゴが、少なくとも3.5mol%のエタンを含むLPGであることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮排出流(06)を海水流で冷却して、前記冷却された圧縮排出流(07)を提供することを特徴とする請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第1圧縮段階(65)、前記第2圧縮段階(70)、及び前記最終圧縮段階(75)が、多段階圧縮機(60)の各段階であることを特徴とする請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 液化カーゴからのボイルオフガス流(01)を海上の輸送船内で冷却する装置であって、前記液化カーゴが、1気圧で-110℃より高い沸点を有し、かつ、液化石油ガス、プロピレンから選択した液化石油化学ガス、及び液化アンモニアから成るグループから選択したものである装置において、少なくとも:
前記液化カーゴからの前記ボイルオフガス流(01)を圧縮するための多段階圧縮システム(60)であって、少なくとも第1圧縮段階(65)、第2圧縮段階(70)、及び最終圧縮段階(75)を含む3つ以上の圧縮段階を具えて、圧縮排出流(06)を提供し、連続する前記圧縮段階間で中間的圧縮BOG流(02,04)を提供する多段階圧縮システム(60)と;
前記圧縮排出流(06)を水流で冷却して、冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)を提供する第1熱交換器(200)と;
前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を膨張させて、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流の膨張した部分を提供する第1排出流減圧装置(120)と;
前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を膨張させて、(i)前記第2圧縮段階と前記最終圧縮段階(75)との間の各隣接する2つの圧縮段階間に提供される前記中間的圧縮BOG流のうち選択した1つ以上の前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換して、1つ以上の冷却した中間的圧縮BOG流(05)を次の前記圧縮段階(75)に提供するための、1つ以上の追加的熱交換器(190)と
を具えていることを特徴とする装置。 - 前記第1排出流減圧装置(120)が、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流(07)の一部を、膨張させる前にさらに冷却して、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流の、膨張し、さらに冷却された部分を提供し、
前記1つ以上の追加的熱交換器(190)が、前記冷却されて完全に凝縮した圧縮排出流の、膨張し、さらに冷却された部分を、膨張させる前にさらに冷却し、前記1つ以上の前記中間的圧縮BOG流(04)と熱交換した後に、(ii)前記冷却された圧縮排出流(07)の、さらに冷却した後の1つ以上の部分(07a,108a)と熱交換する
ことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の装置。 - 請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の方法を用いて動作することを特徴とする請求項20または21に記載の装置。
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JP6151039B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-12 | 2017-06-21 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 液化石油ガス運搬船、再液化装置、ボイルオフガスの再液化方法 |
DE102013010414B4 (de) | 2013-06-21 | 2016-05-12 | Tge Marine Gas Engineering Gmbh | Rückverflüssigung von Boil-Off-Gasen |
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GB201414893D0 (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-10-08 | Liquid Gas Equipment Ltd | Method of cooling boil off gas and apparatus therefor |
GB2538096A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-09 | Highview Entpr Ltd | Systems and methods for controlling pressure in a cryogenic energy storage system |
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FR3044071B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-05-11 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede et installation de stockage d'un melange gazeux liquefie, en particulier d'air liquefie |
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FR3060708B1 (fr) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-10-25 | Engie | Dispositif, systeme et procede de regulation de la pression pour un reservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquefie |
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WO2012136991A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
JP2014514513A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
GB201105823D0 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
CN105202366A (zh) | 2015-12-30 |
CN103703299A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
EP2742276A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2742276B1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
CN103703299B (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
US20140123699A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
BR112013025781A2 (pt) | 2018-04-24 |
KR20140049981A (ko) | 2014-04-28 |
SG193624A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 |
CN105202366B (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
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