JP6224729B2 - シリコンナノ粒子を使用した太陽電池エミッタ領域の製造 - Google Patents
シリコンナノ粒子を使用した太陽電池エミッタ領域の製造 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 103
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 102
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 229
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 18
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001505 atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100481898 Cochliobolus carbonum TOXE gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
[項目1]
太陽電池のエミッタ領域の製造方法であって、前記方法が、
前記太陽電池の基板の表面の上方に配設された誘電体層の上方にドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することと、
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上にシリコン層を形成することと、
前記誘電体層上に配設されたドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記シリコン層の少なくとも一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の少なくとも一部とを混合することと、を含む、方法。
[項目2]
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することが、少なくともいくつかの開いた孔を有し、およそ5〜100ナノメーターの範囲の平均粒子サイズ及びおよそ10〜50%の範囲の多孔率を有する前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を印刷すること又はスピンオンコーティングすることを含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目3]
前記シリコン層を形成することが、およそ摂氏525〜565度の範囲の温度で、低圧化学気相成長法(LPCVD)チャンバ内で、シラン(SiH 4 )から非ドープの、真正の、又は低ドープのアモルファスシリコン層を形成することを含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目4]
前記シリコン層を形成することが、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域内に前記シリコン層の一部を形成すること、及び前記シリコン層の一部で前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の1又は複数の開いた孔を閉じることを含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目5]
前記シリコン層の前記一部で前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の1又は複数の開いた孔を閉じることが、角度の付いた縁部を有する閉じた孔を形成することを含み、前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために前記シリコン層の前記一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部とを混合することが、円形の閉じた孔を形成するために角度の付いた縁部を有する前記閉じた孔を変更することを含む、項目4に記載の方法。
[項目6]
前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部と前記シリコン層の前記一部を混合することが、前記基板をおよそ摂氏700〜1100度の範囲の温度に加熱することを含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目7]
前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために前記シリコン層の前記一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部とを混合することが、前記シリコン層及び前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の合わせた厚さが、およそ20〜50%の範囲の量まで低減されることを含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目8]
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域が、およそ0.2〜3ミクロンの範囲の厚さに形成され、前記シリコン層がおよそ200〜2000オングストロームの範囲の絶対厚さに形成される、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目9]
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子が、P型ドープシリコンナノ粒子であり、前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層が、P型ドープ多結晶シリコン層である、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目10]
前記P型ドープシリコンナノ粒子の領域に隣接するが接触しない、前記誘電体層の上方にN型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することと、
前記N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上に前記シリコン層を形成することと、
前記誘電体層上に配設されたN型ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記シリコン層の少なくとも一部と前記N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の少なくとも一部とを混合することとを更に含む、項目9に記載の方法。
[項目11]
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子が、N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子であり、前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層がN型ドープ多結晶シリコン層である、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目12]
前記誘電体層は、前記基板上に形成され、かつ前記エミッタ領域のトンネル誘電体層である、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目13]
前記基板の前記表面が、前記基板の受光表面と反対側の、前記基板の背面であり、前記方法が、
前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層上に金属コンタクトを形成することを更に含む、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目14]
太陽電池のエミッタ領域の製造方法であって、前記方法が、
前記太陽電池の基板の背面の上方に配設された誘電体層の上方にドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することであって、前記背面が前記太陽電池の受光表面と反対側である、形成することと、
前記受光表面上及び前記基板の前記背面の上方の両方にシリコン層を形成することであって、前記基板の前記背面には、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上の部分及び前記誘電体層上の部分を含む、形成することと、
前記誘電体層上に配設されたドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上に形成された前記シリコン層の前記部分と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の少なくとも一部とを混合することと、
前記受光表面上及び前記基板の前記背面の上方に酸化ケイ素層を形成するために、前記基板の前記受光表面上の前記シリコン層、前記誘導体層上の前記シリコン層の前記部分、及び前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層の最も外側の領域を酸化することと、
反射防止コーティング層を前記受光表面上の前記酸化ケイ素層上及び前記基板の前記背面の上方の前記酸化ケイ素層上に形成することとを含む、方法。
[項目15]
前記受光表面上及び前記基板の前記背面の上方に酸化ケイ素層を形成することが、低圧化学気相成長法(LPCVD)チャンバ内で、酸素(O 2 )、水蒸気(H 2 )、又は亜酸化窒素(N 2 O)が存在する状態で前記基板を加熱することを含む、項目14に記載の方法。
[項目16]
前記酸化ケイ素層上に前記反射防止コーティング層を形成することが、低圧化学気相成長法(LPCVD)チャンバ内でシリコン窒化物層を形成することを含む、項目14に記載の方法。
[項目17]
前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層に金属コンタクトを形成することを更に含む、項目14に記載の方法。
[項目18]
太陽電池のエミッタ領域の製造方法であって、前記方法が、
前記太陽電池の基板の背面の上方に配設された誘電体層の上方にN型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域及びP型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することであって、前記背面は、前記太陽電池の受光表面と反対側であり、前記N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域は、前記P型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域に隣接するが接触していない、形成することと、
シリコン層を、少なくとも、前記基板の前記背面の上方に形成することであって、前記基板の前記背面は、前記N型及びP型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上の部分並びに前記誘電体層上の部分を含む、形成することと、
前記誘電体層上にそれぞれ配設されるN型ドープ多結晶シリコン層及びP型ドープ多結晶シリコン層のそれぞれを形成するために、前記N型及びP型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上に形成された前記シリコン層の前記部分と、前記N型及びP型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域のそれぞれの少なくとも一部とを混合することと、
前記基板の前記背面の上方に酸化ケイ素層を形成するために、前記誘電体上の前記シリコン層の前記部分、並びに前記N型及びP型ドープ多結晶シリコン層それぞれの最も外側の領域を酸化することと、
前記基板の前記背面に形成される溝部によって分離されるN型ドープ多結晶シリコン領域及びP型ドープ多結晶シリコン領域を提供するために、前記基板の前記背面の上方の前記酸化ケイ素層をマスキングすること及びエッチングすることであって、前記N型ドープポリシリコン領域及び前記P型ドープ多結晶シリコン領域のそれぞれが、前記N型ドープポリシリコン領域及び前記P型ドープ多結晶シリコン領域上に前記酸化ケイ素層の一部を保持している、マスキングすること及びエッチングすることと、
前記N型ドープポリシリコン領域及び前記P型ドープ多結晶シリコン領域上、並びに前記溝部に、反射防止コーティング層を形成することとを含む、方法。
[項目19]
前記反射防止コーティング層を形成する前に、前記受光表面を粗面化することを更に含む、項目18に記載の方法。
[項目20]
前記酸化ケイ素層をマスキングすること及びエッチンングすることの後に、かつ前記反射防止コーティング層を形成する前に、N型ドーパントを前記基板に拡散させることを更に含む、項目18に記載の方法。
Claims (9)
- 太陽電池のエミッタ領域の製造方法であって、前記方法が、
前記太陽電池の基板の表面の上方に配設された誘電体層の上方にドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することと、
前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上にシリコン層を形成することと、
前記誘電体層上に配設されたドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記シリコン層の少なくとも一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の少なくとも一部とを混合することと、を含み、
前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部と前記シリコン層の前記一部を混合することが、前記基板を摂氏700〜1100度の範囲の温度に加熱することを含む、方法。 - 前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することが、少なくともいくつかの開いた孔を有し、5〜100ナノメーターの範囲の平均粒子サイズ及び10〜50%の範囲の多孔率を有する前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を印刷すること又はスピンオンコーティングすることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シリコン層を形成することが、摂氏525〜565度の範囲の温度で、低圧化学気相成長法(LPCVD)チャンバ内で、シラン(SiH4)から非ドープの、真正の、又は低ドープのアモルファスシリコン層を形成することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記シリコン層を形成することが、前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域内に前記シリコン層の一部を形成すること、及び前記シリコン層の一部で前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の1又は複数の開いた孔を閉じることを含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記シリコン層の前記一部で前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の1又は複数の開いた孔を閉じることが、角ばった縁部を有する閉じた孔を形成することを含み、前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために前記シリコン層の前記一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部とを混合することが、円形の孔を形成するために角ばった縁部を有する前記閉じた孔を変更することを含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために前記シリコン層の前記一部と前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の前記一部とを混合することが、前記シリコン層及び前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の合わせた厚さが、20〜50%の範囲の量まで低減されることを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域が、0.2〜3ミクロンの範囲の厚さに形成され、前記シリコン層が200〜2000オングストロームの範囲の絶対厚さに形成される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ドープシリコンナノ粒子が、P型ドープシリコンナノ粒子であり、前記ドープ多結晶シリコン層が、P型ドープ多結晶シリコン層である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記P型ドープシリコンナノ粒子の領域に隣接するが接触しない、前記誘電体層の上方にN型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域を形成することと、
前記N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域上に前記シリコン層を形成することと、
前記誘電体層上に配設されたN型ドープ多結晶シリコン層を形成するために、前記シリコン層の少なくとも一部と前記N型ドープシリコンナノ粒子領域の少なくとも一部とを混合することとを更に含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
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TWI591837B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
US8785233B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
CN105453275B (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
US20160071999A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
JP2016506077A (ja) | 2016-02-25 |
AU2013364371A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
US20140170800A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
US9559246B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
WO2014098981A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
CN105453275A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
KR102051548B1 (ko) | 2019-12-03 |
DE112013006094T5 (de) | 2015-08-27 |
TW201427037A (zh) | 2014-07-01 |
AU2013364371B2 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
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