JP6219304B2 - 前立腺癌分析のための組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、その内容全体が本明細書において出典明示により援用される、2011年11月29日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/629886号及び2012年9月19日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/703099号の米国特許法第119条(e)に基く優先権を主張する。
用語「腫瘍」又は「癌」は、本明細書では互換的に使用され、腫瘍性又は悪性の細胞の成長、増殖もしくは転移によって特徴づけられるいかなる病状も意味し、また、固形癌と、白血病などの非固形癌の両方を含む。
「単離された」核酸は、その天然の環境の成分から分離された核酸分子を指す。単離された核酸は、核酸分子を通常含む細胞に含まれる核酸分子を含むが、しかし、その核酸分子は、染色体外又は染色体上の本来の位置とは異なる染色体位置に存在している。
一態様において、本発明は、被検体より採取した血液試料を用いて被検体における前立腺癌の診断又はステージングを行うための方法を提供する。特に、本発明は、CTCが一つ又はそれ以上の前立腺特異的マーカーを発現しているかどうかを判定することにより、被検体における前立腺癌の診断又はステージングを行うための方法を提供する。
別の態様において、本発明は、抗体15A5が結合するエピトープと実質的に同じエピトープに結合する抗体を提供し、この抗体15A5は微生物寄託番号PTA−12259として寄託されているハイブリドーマ細胞により産生されるものである。
抗体は、例えば米国特許第4816567号記載の組換え方法及び組成物を用いて作製され得る。一実施態様において、本明細書に記載される抗STEAP−1抗体をコードする単離された核酸が提供される。該核酸は、抗体のVLを構成するアミノ酸配列、及び/又は抗体のVHを構成するアミノ酸配列(例えば、抗体の軽鎖及び/又は重鎖)をコードし得る。更なる実施態様において、該核酸を含む一つ以上のベクター(例えば、発現ベクター)が提供される。更なる実施態様において、該核酸を含む宿主細胞が提供される。このような一実施態様において、宿主細胞(例えば、以下により形質転換された宿主細胞)は、(1)抗体のVLを構成するアミノ酸配列、及び抗体のVHを構成するアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含むベクター、又は(2)抗体のVLを構成するアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含む第1ベクター、及び抗体のVHを構成するアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含む第2ベクターを含む。一実施態様では、該宿主細胞は、真核生物、例えばチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞又はリンパ系細胞(例えば、Y0、NS0、Sp20細胞)である。一実施態様では、抗STEAP−1抗体の作製方法が提供され、その方法は、上記のように抗体の発現に好適な条件下で、上記の抗体をコードする核酸を含む宿主細胞を培養することを含み、宿主細胞(又は宿主細胞培養培地)から任意選択的に抗体を回収することを含む。
本明細書で提供される抗体は、前立腺癌の診断試薬の製造に使用可能である。この抗体は更に、診断目的に好適で検出可能な標識に結合し、好適な形態、例えば凍結乾燥された粉末で、又は、好適な液剤の形態で提供される。
本発明の別の態様において、前立腺癌の診断又は予後診断に有用な組成物を含む検査キットが提供される。
免疫組織化学(IHC)アッセイを用いて3つの前立腺癌細胞株の表面に発現したSTEAP−1を検出するために、3つの抗STEAP−1抗体が使用された。293LB50はSTEAP−1高発現細胞株として使用され、LnCAPnerはSTEAP−1中程度発現細胞株として使用され、PC3はSTEAP−1低発現-陰性細胞株として使用された。検査された抗STEAP−1抗体は、抗体37(マウスモノクローナル抗STEAP−1抗体)、ヒツジポリクローナル抗STEAP−1抗体、及びsc−25514(ウサギポリクローナル抗STEAP−1抗体)である。この3つの抗体がフルオロフォアAF−488とコンジュゲートされた。
3つの抗体(マウス抗体37、ヒツジポリクローナル抗体、及びウサギsc−25514)が、LB50細胞及びPC3細胞表面のSTEAP−1発現検出の能力について、それぞれCellSearch(登録商標)システムで検査された。
血液試料中に添加した細胞表面のSTEAP−1発現を判定するために、抗STEAP−1ヒツジポリクローナル抗体を用いた。このスパイクインアッセイは、実施例2と同様の手順で実施した。3つの細胞株、293LB50、LnCAPner及びPC3をそれぞれ血液試料に添加し、完全に混ぜた。ヒツジポリクローナル抗体を、PBSで1:50に希釈し、CellSearchの第4フィルターで血液試料に添加した。これらの試料でCellSearchを実施し、CellTracksアナライザーでCTCがスコア化された。サイトケラチン及びDAPIに対して陽性に染まるがCD45に対して陰性に染まる細胞が、CTCと判定された。CellSearchオートプレップシステム上でSTEAP−1の染色を示すCTCが選択され、更にSTEAP−1の発現レベルを示す抗STEAP−1抗体の蛍光強度が定量化された。実施例2と同じ方法でHスコアが算出された。
前立腺患者11名の血液試料をある1件の診療所から得た。これらの血液試料を、抗STEAP−1ヒツジポリクローナル抗体を用いてCellSearch(登録商標)システムで解析した。ヒツジポリクローナル抗体を、PBSで1:50に希釈し、CellSearchの第4フィルターで血液試料に添加した。これらの試料でCellSearchを実施し、CellTracksアナライザーでCTCがスコア化された。サイトケラチン及びDAPIに対して陽性に染まるがCD45に対して陰性に染まる細胞が、CTCと判定された。CellSearchオートプレップシステム上でSTEAP−1の染色を示すCTCが選択され、更にSTEAP−1の発現レベルを示す抗STEAP−1抗体の蛍光強度が定量化された。各試料のCTCの数がカウントされ、Hスコアも実施例2に記載の通り算出された。結果を図4に示す。
第I相試験で10名の前立腺患者から血液試料及び腫瘍組織試料を採取した。
マウスモノクローナル抗体15A5が、スパイクインアッセイを用いてCellSearch(登録商標)システムで検査され、ヒツジポリクローナル抗体と比較された。実施例2に記載の通り、293LB50細胞(高発現体)、LnCAPner細胞(中発現体)及びPC3細胞(低発現体)がそれぞれ血液試料に添加された。これらの血液試料が、ヒツジポリクローナル抗体及びマウスモノクローナル抗体15A5をそれぞれ利用して、CellSearch(登録商標)システムで解析された。Hスコアもまた算出された。この手順と方法は実施例2記載のものと同様である。
前立腺癌患者から血液試料を採取し、抗STEAP−1モノクローナル抗体15A5を用いてCellSearch(登録商標)システムで解析した。抗体15A5を、例えばPBSで1:50に希釈し、血液試料に添加した。この試料でCellSearchを実行し、CellTracksアナライザーでCTCが数えられる。サイトケラチン及びDAPIに対して陽性に染まるがCD45に対して陰性に染まる細胞が、CTCと判定される。CellSearchオートプレップシステム上のCTCの内STEAP−1の染色を示すCTCが選択され、更にSTEAP−1の発現レベルを示す抗STEAP−1抗体の蛍光強度が定量化される。各試料のCTCの数がカウントされ、Hスコアも実施例2に記載の通り算出される。
前立腺癌患者の血液を、治療開始前にペアで採取した(ベースライン試料)。試料はCellSearch(登録商標)システムで解析され、上記のようにCellTracksアナライザーでCTC計数が得られた。簡単には、サイトケラチン及びDAPIに対して陽性に染まるがCD45に対しては陰性に染まる細胞が、CTCとして数えられた。各試料ペアについてCTC数の平均値及び標準偏差値が計算され、また、誤差(+―SDEV)がヒストグラム上にプロットされた。図7Aで見られるように、これらの患者のCTC数の平均値に大きなダイナミックレンジがあり、また、試料ペア間でもカウントがほぼ一致していた(エラーバーが小さい)。これは、このシステムを使用したCTC計数の再現性が高いことを示している。
Claims (26)
- 被検体における前立腺癌細胞の存在を検出する方法であって、
a)被検体由来の血液試料から得られた、上皮起源の癌細胞を、前立腺特異的マーカーに特異的に結合する抗STEAP−1抗体と接触させることであって、前記抗STEAP−1抗体がポリクローナル抗体であるか又は微生物寄託番号PTA−12259のハイブリドーマ細胞により産生されるマウスモノクロール抗体15A5である、前記接触させること、及び
b)癌細胞のいずれかが前立腺特異的マーカーを発現するかを判定すること
を含み、
前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する癌細胞の存在が被検体における前立腺癌への罹患を予測し、前立腺特異的マーカーがSTEAP−1である、方法。 - 前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する癌細胞の量を測定することを更に含み、その量が被検体における前立腺癌のステージを予測するものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 癌細胞上の前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルを測定することを更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルに基づいて癌細胞をグレード分類し、各グレードにおける癌細胞のパーセンテージを決定することを更に含む、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 各グレードに対するグレードスコアを、該グレードにおける癌細胞のパーセンテージに、該グレードにおける前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルを表すグレード固有の番号を乗じることによって、算出することと、グレードスコアを全て合計することによって、被検体における前立腺癌のステージを示す指標であるHスコアを得ることを更に含む、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 癌細胞が、上皮由来の癌細胞に特異的に結合するリガンドを含む捕捉組成物を用いて血液試料から識別される、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- リガンドが、癌細胞に優先的に発現される上皮抗原に特異的に結合する抗体である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 上皮抗原が上皮細胞接着分子(EpCAM)である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 識別された癌細胞が血液試料から分離される細胞画分に濃縮される、請求項6から8の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 細胞画分が磁場下で分離される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 捕捉組成物中のリガンドが磁性粒子(例えばコロイド状磁性粒子、例えばコロイド状磁性ナノ粒子)に結合する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- リガンドがEpCAM抗体を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 抗STEAP−1抗体がKD値1000nM以下でSTEAP−1と結合する、請求項1から12の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 抗STEAP−1抗体が検出可能な第1の標識とコンジュゲートされる、請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 癌細胞が、上皮由来の癌細胞の検出を可能にする一つ以上の試薬を用いて識別される、請求項1から14の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 試薬が、サイトケラチンに特異的に結合するリガンドを含み、リガンドが、検出可能な第2の標識と任意選択的にコンジュゲートされる、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 試薬が細胞を非細胞成分から識別する色素を更に含む、請求項15又は16に記載の方法。
- 色素が4',6-ジアミジノ-2-フェニルインドール(DAPI)である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 試薬が白血球マーカーに特異的に結合するリガンドを更に含み、リガンドが検出可能な第3の標識と任意選択的にコンジュゲートされる、請求項15から18の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 白血球マーカーに対するリガンドがCD45抗体である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 判定が、免疫蛍光顕微鏡法、フローサイトメトリー、光ファイバースキャンサイトメトリー、又はレーザースキャンサイトメトリーに基づく方法による、請求項1から20の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 被検体における前立腺癌治療への応答をモニターする方法であって、
a)被検体由来の第1血液試料から得られた、上皮起源の癌細胞の第1群を、前立腺特異的マーカーに特異的に結合する抗STEAP−1抗体と接触させること、
b)前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する第1群の癌細胞の量及び/又は癌細胞中の前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルを測定すること、
c)前立腺癌治療の試験期間後の被検体由来の第2血液試料から得られた、上皮起源の癌細胞の第2群を、前立腺特異的マーカーに特異的に結合する抗STEAP−1抗体と接触させること、
d)前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する第2群の癌細胞の量及び/又は癌細胞中の前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルを測定すること、及び
e)ステップb)で測定した前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する癌細胞の量及び/又は前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルと、ステップd)でのそれらの値を比較すること
を含み、前立腺特異的マーカーを発現する癌細胞の量の減少及び/又は癌細胞中の前立腺特異的マーカーの発現レベルの低下が、被検体における前立腺癌治療への応答を示し、前記抗STEAP−1抗体がポリクローナル抗体であるか又は微生物寄託番号PTA−12259のハイブリドーマ細胞により産生されるマウスモノクロール抗体15A5であり、前立腺特異的マーカーがSTEAP−1である、方法。 - 前立腺癌治療が前立腺特異的マーカーに結合する抗体又は抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- ADCが、細胞傷害剤に共有結合した抗STEAP−1抗体を含む、請求項22又は23に記載の方法。
- 細胞傷害剤が、毒素、化学療法剤、薬剤の構成成分、モノメチルアウリスタチンE(MMAE)、抗生剤、放射性同位体、及び核酸分解酵素から選択される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から25の何れか一項に記載の方法を実施するためのキットであって、微生物寄託番号PTA−12259のハイブリドーマ細胞により産生されるマウスモノクロール抗体15A5を含む、キット。
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EP2786151A2 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
MX350807B (es) | 2017-09-20 |
RU2641968C2 (ru) | 2018-01-23 |
CN104067127A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
KR101951514B1 (ko) | 2019-02-22 |
US20130143237A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
US20160274116A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
IL232466A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
RU2014126358A (ru) | 2016-01-27 |
BR112014012882A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
WO2013082249A3 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
JP2015507175A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
US9632091B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
AU2012345926A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
CA2854042A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
AR089028A1 (es) | 2014-07-23 |
KR20140100544A (ko) | 2014-08-14 |
ZA201403110B (en) | 2017-06-28 |
SG11201402711SA (en) | 2014-06-27 |
IL232466A0 (en) | 2014-06-30 |
WO2013082249A2 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
EP2786151B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
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