JP6193077B2 - Wire rope inspection equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wire rope inspection apparatus, and a wire rope damage determination apparatus, method, and program.

  An inspection device that inspects defects in elevator wire ropes and crane wire ropes using a leakage magnetic flux method is known (Patent Document 1). This inspection device is carried to the site when the wire rope is inspected. By using a fixing jig for mounting, the inspection device is manually set on the wire rope. The inspection device is also equipped with a signal cable, a power cable, a waveform monitor and the like on site. The operator looks at the waveform based on the leakage magnetic flux appearing on the waveform monitor, and the operator determines whether or not the wire rope is damaged.

  As described above, in the method of inspecting the wire rope by carrying the inspection device to the site for each inspection, it is necessary to move the worker to the site, and labor costs are increased. The inspection takes a long time. Also, the judgment of whether or not the wire rope is damaged depends largely on the subjectivity of the worker.

  For example, it is conceivable to permanently install the inspection apparatus in an elevator. However, if the inspection device is permanently installed, the inspection device (its sensor unit) and the wire rope are always in contact with each other, so that both the wire rope and the inspection device are worn. In particular, when a sensor unit having a shape that surrounds most of the outer peripheral surface of the wire rope is used, such as the sensor unit described in Patent Document 1, the contact area between the wire rope and the sensor unit is wide, so that the wear progresses. Will be expedited. The progress of wear can be accelerated even if the wire rope is strongly magnetized to bring the wire rope into contact with the sensor unit.

International Patent Publication WO2011 / 148456

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a wire rope inspection apparatus suitable for being permanently installed.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a wire rope inspection apparatus that has a small contact area with the wire rope and can be easily installed.

  Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to confirm the inspection result of a wire rope in a remote place.

  A wire rope inspection device according to the present invention is a wire provided with a sensor device that is installed along a traveling path on which a plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel with each other travel and detects a leakage magnetic flux generated from a magnetized wire rope. A rope inspection device, wherein the sensor surface of the sensor device is formed in a planar shape and has a length exceeding the entire width of the plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel, and detects the leakage magnetic flux. The sensor surface of the sensor device is placed in parallel with a plane defined by the plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel, and is in line contact with each of the plurality of wire ropes, and It is characterized by being installed across the entire width of the plurality of wire ropes arranged.

  According to the present invention, the sensor surface of the sensor device for detecting the leakage magnetic flux generated from the magnetized wire rope is planar, and the sensor surface is connected to each of the plurality of wire ropes when detecting the leakage magnetic flux. Because of contact, the contact area between the sensor surface and the wire rope is small, and wear of the sensor surface and wire rope is small.

  In addition, since a flat sensor surface is adopted for the sensor device, a common sensor device should be used even if the diameter of the wire rope to be inspected and the interval between a plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel are different. For example, there is no need to create each sensor device according to the diameter of the wire rope to be inspected. The sensor device can be installed along a plurality of wire ropes that run on the planar sensor surface of the sensor device, so that it does not take time and effort.

  However, only the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the planar sensor surface are curved in the same direction, and when the leakage magnetic flux is detected, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the sensor surface are parallel to the parallel surfaces. Both of the plurality of wire ropes arranged in the above may be brought to the respective sides of the two wire ropes located at the end of the hook. It is possible to increase the sensitivity of damage detection for the two wire ropes located at the ends of both hooks that are relatively severely damaged.

  In one embodiment, the sensor device includes a detection coil that detects leakage magnetic flux. More preferably, the sensor device includes the detection coil and a magnetizer that magnetizes the plurality of wire ropes. Using one sensor device, both the magnetization of the plurality of wire ropes and the detection of the leakage magnetic flux can be executed. Preferably, the magnetization of the plurality of wire ropes is limited to the unsaturated magnetization that does not reach the saturation magnetization.

  Preferably, the wire rope inspection device includes a moving mechanism for moving the sensor device, and the moving mechanism brings the sensor device close to the wire rope when detecting the leakage magnetic flux, and the sensor surface is placed on the wire rope. The sensor device is moved away from the wire rope when no magnetic flux leakage is detected. Since the sensor surface of the sensor device comes into contact with the wire rope only when inspecting the wire rope (detecting the leakage magnetic flux), the wear can be further reduced.

  For example, the moving mechanism may include a rotation mechanism that rotates the sensor device.

  In one embodiment, the first and second detection coils are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and the interval between the portions of the first and second detection coils through which the leakage magnetic flux passes is set. , Which is an integral multiple of the distance between adjacent strands of the plurality of strands constituting the wire rope. When the wire rope is made by twisting a plurality of strands, leakage magnetic flux is also generated from the unevenness existing between the plurality of strands. The detection coil is composed of first and second detection coils arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and the interval between the portions of the first and second detection coils through which the leakage magnetic flux penetrates. Is an integral multiple of the distance between adjacent strands of the plurality of strands constituting the wire rope, the leakage magnetic flux generated from the unevenness between the strands can be detected on average. It is possible to easily distinguish the leakage magnetic flux generated due to the presence of the unevenness from the leakage magnetic flux generated due to the wire rope damage.

  The present invention also provides a determination device suitable for automatically determining damage of a wire rope using inspection data acquired by the above-described wire rope inspection device.

  The wire rope damage determination device according to the present invention is installed along a traveling path on which one or a plurality of wire ropes travels, and is output from a detection coil that generates electromotive force due to leakage magnetic flux generated from a magnetized wire rope. , Inspection data receiving means for receiving input of voltage data corresponding to the magnitude of the leakage magnetic flux, peak voltage detecting means for detecting a maximum voltage value using the voltage data received by the inspection data receiving means, and the peak voltage First determination means for determining whether the maximum voltage value detected by the detection means is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, and a maximum voltage value greater than or equal to the first threshold value in the voltage data by the first determination means. First determination data output for outputting at least first determination data used to call attention when it is determined that it is recorded And it includes a stage.

  The greater the degree of damage to the wire rope (for example, the greater the number of breaks per pitch), the greater the amount of magnetic flux leakage. In this case, the electromotive force generated in the detection coil also increases and the measured voltage value. Becomes larger. By setting a threshold value (first threshold value) in advance and outputting first determination data for calling attention when the presence of a maximum voltage value that is equal to or greater than the first threshold value is detected, the subjectivity of the worker Therefore, it is possible to objectively determine the presence of damage occurring in the wire rope without using standard judgment criteria.

  Second determination means for determining whether or not the maximum voltage value is greater than or equal to a second threshold value that is greater than the first threshold value, and the second determination means causes the voltage data to be greater than or equal to the second threshold value. When it is determined that the maximum voltage value is recorded, a second determination data output unit that outputs second determination data used for prompting a warning may be further provided. It can be objectively determined that a greater degree of damage is present in the wire rope.

  Further, when it is determined by the first determination means and the second determination means that the maximum voltage value is not less than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the first It is determined whether or not there are a plurality of voltage values having a value greater than or equal to a threshold value and less than the second threshold value within a data range corresponding to one pitch of a plurality of strands constituting the wire rope. A third determination unit that determines that a plurality of voltage values having a value greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value exist in the data range corresponding to the one pitch by the third determination unit; In this case, the second determination data output means may be made to output the second determination data used for prompting the warning. It is possible to automatically determine whether damage that is considered to be relatively light is concentrated in one place (within one pitch length).

  Fourth determination means for determining whether the maximum voltage value is less than a third threshold value smaller than the first threshold value, and the maximum voltage value is less than the third threshold value by the fourth determination means. When it is determined that there is a third determination data output means for outputting third determination data for notifying the abnormality of the damage determination apparatus. If the wire rope is a twist of multiple strands, the wire rope has structural irregularities on the surface, so that even if the wire rope is not damaged, a slight leakage flux is generated, which results in a low value. The voltage value is detected. Damage determination by determining that only a voltage value less than the third threshold value is obtained (including a case where no voltage value is obtained at all) using a third threshold value smaller than the first threshold value. It is possible to determine an abnormality of the apparatus (including that the inspection apparatus including the detection coil is not correctly installed).

  A transmission device that transmits the first, second, and third determination data to the outside through a network may be provided. Remote monitoring of wire rope can be performed.

  The present invention also provides a method, a program, and a recording medium (an optical recording medium, a magnetic disk, a semiconductor memory, etc.) on which the program is suitable for controlling the above-described wire rope damage determination apparatus.

The structure of an elevator is shown. The structure of a moving mechanism is shown. It is an expansion perspective view which shows a rope tester. It is sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VV line of FIG. It is a graph which shows a measurement voltage (inspection data). It is a graph which shows a measurement voltage (inspection data). It is a flowchart which shows the algorithm of damage determination processing of a wire rope. It is a flowchart which shows the algorithm of damage determination processing of a wire rope. It is a flowchart which shows the algorithm of damage determination processing of a wire rope. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the measurement test of the damaged wire rope. It is a graph based on the test result shown in FIG. The positional relationship between the wire rope and the rope tester is shown. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the other measurement test of the damaged wire rope. It is a graph based on the test result shown in FIG. The positional relationship between the wire rope and the rope tester is shown. It is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 4 of the rope tester of another Example.

  FIG. 1 shows the structure of an elevator.

  The elevator is composed of a hoistway 1, a machine room 2 provided above the hoistway 1, a car that moves up and down in the hoistway 1 and carries people and cargo, and an upper end of the car 3 (outside the ceiling). And a wire rope 5 having a counterweight 4 fixed to the other end. When used for an elevator, generally, a plurality of wire ropes 5 arranged in parallel to each other are used. In this embodiment, it is assumed that four wire ropes 5 arranged in parallel are used. In FIG. 1, only one wire rope 5 is shown for the sake of clarity.

  The intermediate portion of the four wire ropes 5 passes through the inside of the machine room 2, and the intermediate part of the wire ropes 5 is wound around the hoisting machine 6 provided in the machine room 2 and is put on the deflecting wheel 7. ing. An elevator control panel 8 including a communication device 10 is provided in the machine room 2, and the hoisting machine 6 is controlled by the elevator control panel 8. As the hoisting machine 6 rotates forward and backward, the wire rope 5 moves, and the car 3 moves up and down in the hoistway 1.

  Further, in the machine room 2, a rope tester 20 for detecting damage (existence and degree of disconnection or flaw) of the wire rope 5, a moving mechanism 30 for moving the position of the rope tester 20, and the rope tester 20 And the control apparatus 9 which controls the moving mechanism 30 and performs the test | inspection of the wire rope 5 is provided.

  As described above, the elevator control panel 8 provided in the machine room 2 includes the communication device 10. The communication device 10 is connected to a monitoring system 11 of an elevator management company via a network. Data representing the operation status of the elevator is transmitted from the elevator control panel 8 to the monitoring system 11 via the communication device 10, and the operation status of the elevator is constantly monitored by the monitoring system 11.

  The elevator control panel 8 is also connected to the control device 9 via a signal line. As will be described later, data representing the inspection result (determination result) of the wire rope 5 is also sent from the control device 9 to the elevator control panel 8 through the signal line, and transmitted from the elevator control panel 8 to the monitoring system 11 of the elevator management company. Is done.

  FIG. 2 shows a moving mechanism 30 for moving the position of the rope tester 20 provided in the machine room 2 from the side along with the wire rope 5.

  The moving mechanism 30 includes an induction motor 31 that is fixed in the machine room 2 and includes a rotor (not shown) that performs forward rotation and reverse rotation within a predetermined angle range. One end of the first arm 32 is fixed to a rotating shaft 31A connected to the rotor of the induction motor 31, and the other end of the first arm 32 has a second arm 33 extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first arm 32. One end is fixed. A rope tester attachment 34 is fixed to the other end of the second arm 33, and the rope tester 20 is attached to the rope tester attachment 34. When the induction motor 31 is driven, the rope tester 20 moves along an arc-shaped locus by a predetermined angle about the rotation shaft 31A.

  When the wire rope 5 is not inspected by the rope tester 20, the moving mechanism 30 holds the rope tester 20 in the standby position. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the rope tester 20 is held at the standby position by a one-dot chain line, and the rope tester 20 does not come into contact with the wire rope 5 while being held at the standby position. When a drive voltage is applied from the control device 9, the induction motor 31 starts to rotate forward (clockwise in FIG. 2). The rope tester 20 gradually approaches the wire rope 5, and the planar sensor surface (front surface) is parallel to the plane defined by the plurality of wire ropes 5 and contacts the wire rope 5, where the induction motor 31 Forward rotation stops. The position of the rope tester 20 at this time is called a detection position. A state when the rope tester 20 is at the detection position is shown by a solid line in FIG. When the rope tester 20 reaches the detection position and the sensor surface of the rope tester 20 is in contact with the wire rope 5, the inspection of the wire rope 5 described later is performed. Since the wire rope 5 has a substantially circular cross section, the sensor surface of the rope tester 20 and the four wire ropes 5 are in line contact with each other.

  When the inspection of the wire rope 5 is completed, the control device 9 applies a driving voltage having an opposite phase to the induction motor 31. The induction motor 31 starts reverse rotation (counterclockwise in FIG. 2), and the rope tester 20 is returned to the original standby position.

  The control device 9 controls the moving mechanism 30 to move the rope tester 20 from the standby position to the detection position, for example, once to three times a day, for example, at a specific time. At this time, the wire rope 5 Inspection is performed. Since the rope tester 20 moves to the detection position only when the wire rope 5 is inspected, the rope tester 20 and the wire rope 5 are not always in contact with each other. There is little wear by.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the rope tester 20 as seen from the sensor surface (front side), in which a part of the cover 21 is cut away. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view along the line V-V in FIG. 4 and 5, the illustration of the cover 21 is omitted.

  With reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the rope tester 20 includes a rectangular parallelepiped yoke 22 and a pair of rectangular parallelepiped magnets fixed to both sides of the upper surface of the yoke 22. A rectangular parallelepiped coil base 23 fixed to the upper surface of the yoke 22 between the pair of magnets 24, 25 and spaced apart from each of the magnets 24, 25, and the coil base 23; A pair of planar detection coils 26L and 26R fixed to the upper surface are provided. Referring to FIG. 3, these yoke 22, magnets 24 and 25, coil base 23, and coils 26 </ b> L and 26 </ b> R are covered with a cover 21. The direction in which the coils 26L and 26R are located is the sensor surface (front surface) of the rope tester 20, and the sensor surface of the rope tester 20 is planar.

  The length of the rope tester 20 (the dimension corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the yoke 22, magnets 24, 25, coil base 23, detection coils 26L, 26R) is the entire width (wires) of the four wire ropes 5 arranged in parallel. The diameter of the rope 5 × the number + the interval between adjacent wire ropes 5 × the number of intervals). The length of the rope tester 20 is appropriately adjusted according to the number of wire ropes 5. In any case, the rope tester 20 (its sensor surface and detection coils 26L, 26R) is provided across the entire width of the plurality of wire ropes 5 to be inspected.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the magnetic flux generated from the pair of magnets 24, 25 forms a magnetic loop passing through the magnet 25, the wire rope 5, the magnet 24, and the yoke 22, whereby the wire rope 5 is magnetized. . The wire rope 5 may be saturated or unsaturated magnetization, but preferably is unsaturated magnetization. The degree of magnetization of the wire rope 5 can be adjusted by the types of the magnets 24 and 25, the distance between the magnets 24 and 25 and the wire rope 5, and the cross-sectional area and length of the yoke 22. For example, when a ferrite magnet is used for the magnets 24 and 25 instead of neodymium, the degree of magnetization of the wire rope 5 can be suppressed. By limiting to unsaturated magnetization, it is possible to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) of inspection data, which will be described later, and to reduce wear caused by contact between the wire rope 5 and the rope tester 20. Can do.

  Referring to FIG. 4, the wire rope 5 is composed of a bundle of fiber cores 5A and eight strands 5B twisted around the fiber cores 5A. The strand 5B is composed of one core wire (steel wire) 5a, nine inner strands (steel wires) 5b twisted around the core wire 5a, and further twisted 9 around the inner strand 5b. It is of a seal type composed of two outer layer strands (steel wires) 5c (denoted as “8 × S (19)”). The magnetic flux from the magnets 24 and 25 passes through the strand 5B around the outside of the wire rope 5.

  The wire rope 5 is liable to be damaged in the strand 5B before the fiber core 5A located at the center thereof. Further, when attention is paid to the strand 5B, the damage is caused by the outer layer strand 5c before the core wire 5a and the inner layer strand 5b. It is easy to occur. If, for example, a disconnection occurs in the outer layer wire 5c, the magnetic flux passing through the strand 5B is disturbed, and the magnetic flux leaks out of the wire rope 5 at the disconnected portion. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux leaking out of the wire rope 5 is referred to as “leakage magnetic flux”. When the broken portion of the magnetized wire rope 5 passes through the rope tester 20, an electromotive force is generated in the detection coils 26L and 26R by the leakage magnetic flux. The presence / absence and degree of damage present in the wire rope 5 can be detected based on the presence / absence and magnitude of the electromotive force generated in the detection coils 26L, 26R.

  6 and 7 are graphs showing the measured voltage (inspection data) based on the electromotive force generated in the detection coils 26L and 26R, and the vertical axis indicates the voltage value based on the electromotive force generated in the detection coils 26L and 26R. The value amplified six thousand times is shown. The horizontal axis is a time axis, and voltage values acquired over time from left to right on the horizontal axis are shown. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the time width (data range) corresponding to the length of one pitch of the strands 5 </ b> B constituting the wire rope 5 is indicated by a solid line.

  The greater the degree of damage that occurs in the wire rope 5 (for example, the greater the number of disconnections per pitch), the greater the amount of magnetic flux leakage, and in this case, the electromotive force generated in the detection coils 26L and 26R also increases. The voltage increases (compare FIGS. 6 and 7). Further, when a plurality of damages are generated at short intervals in the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 5, a plurality of measured voltage peaks appear in a narrow data range in the graph (see FIG. 7).

  Further, referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be seen that a low voltage value is always measured. This is because the wire rope 5 is formed by twisting the eight strands 5B as described above, so that the surface of the wire rope 5 has irregularities formed by twisting the eight strands 5B. Is due to the existence. That is, even if the wire rope 5 is not damaged at all, leakage magnetic flux from the uneven portion between the eight strands 5B always exists, and this appears on the graph as a waveform of a low measured voltage. This waveform that appears due to the uneven portion of the strand 5B is generally called strand noise. A voltage having a peak of about 0.3 V is measured due to the strand noise.

  Returning to FIG. 5, the rope tester 20 is provided with a pair of detection coils 26L and 26R in order to keep the variation in the measurement voltage (strand noise) caused by the uneven portion of the strand 5B as low as possible. The distance between the two detection coils 26L and 26R (the interval between the portions through which the leakage magnetic flux passes) b is an integral multiple of the interval a between the apexes (peaks) of the adjacent strands 5B. Since the amount of leakage magnetic flux generated due to the uneven portions between the strands 5B passing through the two detection coils 26L and 26R is averaged, the leakage magnetic flux generated due to the uneven portions between the strands 5B and the wire rope 5 It becomes easy to distinguish the leakage magnetic flux generated due to the damage. That is, fluctuations in strand noise appearing in the measurement voltage are suppressed.

  A measured voltage (inspection data) representing a waveform as shown in the graphs of FIGS. 6 and 7 is output from the rope tester 20 and applied to the control device 9 described above. As will be described next, the control device 9 inspects (determines) the wire rope 5 using the inspection data.

  FIGS. 8 to 10 are flowcharts showing an algorithm of wire rope damage determination processing in the control device 9. A program for executing the algorithm shown in this flowchart is programmed in advance in a computer or a memory (not shown) included in the control device 9. You may install the said program recorded on CD-ROM etc. in the control apparatus 9 via a terminal device (for example, personal computer). It is also possible to correct (adjust) various parameters (such as a plurality of threshold voltages for various determinations described later) using the terminal device and transfer the corrected parameters to the control device 9.

  As described above, the control device 9 automatically performs inspection of the plurality of wire ropes 5 used in the elevator, for example, once to three times a day, for example, at a specific time. An inspection start signal can be transmitted manually or automatically from the monitoring system 11 to the control device 9, and the inspection can be executed in accordance with the inspection start signal. The control device 9 first moves the elevator car 3 to the top floor in cooperation with the elevator control panel 8 (see FIG. 1). Next, the moving mechanism 30 is controlled to move the rope tester 20 from the standby position to the detection position (see FIG. 2). The elevator car 3 is moved from the top floor to the bottom floor at a predetermined speed (for example, 90 m / min). At this time, inspection data (see FIGS. 6 and 7) is acquired by the rope tester 20. When the determination process using the inspection data described below is completed, the control device 9 controls the moving mechanism 30 to return the rope tester 20 from the detection position to the original standby position. Of course, the rope tester 20 may be returned from the detection position to the original standby position immediately after the acquisition of the inspection data.

  It is assumed that the inspection data (measurement voltage Vs) is not 0 V (data having no waveform). If the measured voltage Vs is 0 V, it may be an abnormality of the control device 9, for example, a state where no power is supplied to the control device 9, or a power supply is supplied to the control device 9, It is possible that the wiring is shorted. It is also conceivable that the rope tester 20 cannot be moved from the standby position to the inspection position due to an abnormality of the moving mechanism 30, and as a result, inspection data in which no voltage value is recorded is generated. For example, the elevator control panel 8 may detect that inspection data considered to be valid cannot be acquired (including that inspection data is not output from the control device 9). In this case, the elevator control panel 8 outputs, for example, a determination bit 0 and transmits it to the monitoring system 11. In the monitoring system 11, for example, a blue warning lamp, a warning sound, or the like notifies a monitoring person or the like that the above-described abnormality has occurred. A warning lamp or a speaker may be provided in the elevator control panel 8 or the control device 9 in the machine room 2 to turn on the warning lamp or generate an alarm sound.

  First, inspection data (measured voltage Vs) (see FIGS. 6 and 7) output from the rope tester 20 is given to the control device 9 (step 41).

  If the measured voltage Vs is not 0V but remains at a voltage value of 0V <Vs <0.2V, that is, if no peak voltage of 0.2V or more appears in the waveform of the measured voltage Vs (YES in step 42) The control device 9 outputs a determination bit 0, which is transmitted to the monitoring system 11 via the elevator control panel 8 (communication device 10) (step 43). As described above, even when the wire rope 5 is not damaged at all, strand noise exists, and this strand noise has a peak of about 0.3V. If no peak voltage of 0.2 V or more exists, it is considered that, for example, a short circuit failure or an open failure has occurred in the detection coils 26L and 26R. Also in this case, the determination bit 0 is transmitted to the monitoring system 11, so that the occurrence of an abnormality is notified to the monitoring staff by a blue warning lamp, a warning sound, or the like.

  When the voltage value of 0.2V or more is included in the waveform of the measured voltage Vs (NO in step 42), the maximum instantaneous voltage value (hereinafter referred to as the peak voltage Vp) in the measured waveform is acquired, and this peak It is determined whether or not the voltage Vp is less than 0.6V (steps 44 and 45). When the peak voltage Vp is less than 0.6V, it is determined that the wire rope 5 is not damaged. In this case, the control device 9 outputs the determination bit 1 (YES in step 45, step 46). For example, the monitor or the like is notified by the green lamp that there is no abnormality in the wire rope 5.

   If there is a peak voltage Vp of 0.6 V or more (NO in step 45), it is considered not to be a strand noise but a voltage value detected because the wire rope 5 is damaged. The control device 9 determines the degree of damage to the wire rope 5 at the following two levels.

  First, it is determined whether or not the peak voltage Vp is 1.4 V or higher (step 47).

  If the peak voltage Vp is 1.4 V or more (1.4 ≦ Vp in step 47), the wire rope 5 may have a relatively large damage. In this case, the control device 9 outputs the judgment output bit 3, and in response to this, the monitoring system 11 notifies the abnormality of the wire rope 5 by, for example, a red warning lamp, a warning sound or the like (step 51). When the abnormality of the wire rope 5 is notified, generally, a precise inspection for identifying which of the plurality of wire ropes 5 is damaged is performed.

  If the peak voltage Vp is not less than 0.6V and less than 1.4V (YES in step 47), then the length range of one pitch of the strand 5B (data range corresponding to one pitch) (see FIGS. 6 and 7) The number of voltage values (number of peaks) having a value in the range of 0.6V ≦ Vp <1.4V is counted, and it is determined whether the number is one or more (step 48, step 49). ). This is considered a relatively minor damage, but it is judged whether it is concentrated in one place.

  If there is only one voltage value having a value of 0.6 V or more and less than 1.4 V within the length range of 1 pitch, it is not a damage that is concentrated in one place of the wire rope 5. Conceivable. In this case, the control device 9 outputs the judgment output bit 2, and accordingly, for example, a yellow warning lamp or the like alerts the monitoring staff etc. (YES in step 49, step 50).

  On the other hand, if there are multiple voltage values with the value of 0.6V or more and less than 1.4V within the length range of 1 pitch, the degree of damage is considered to be relatively light, but it is concentrated in one place. There is a possibility. In this case, as in the case where the peak voltage Vp is 1.4 V or more, the control device 9 outputs the judgment output bit 3, and the occurrence of the abnormality is notified to the monitor by a red warning lamp, a warning sound or the like, for example. (“Two or more” in step 49, step 51).

  In the above-described algorithm, in order to determine whether the rope tester 20 (detection coils 26L, 26R) has an abnormality, the first threshold voltage 0.2V for determining whether or not the wire rope 5 is damaged. The second threshold voltage of 0.6V and the third threshold voltage of 1.4V for dividing the degree of damage into two are used. These three threshold voltages are values obtained by performing a test, and the contents of the test will be described below.

  FIG. 11 shows the result of the measurement test using the above-described rope tester 20 for the damaged wire rope 5, and the value of the peak voltage Vp measured by the rope tester 20 (the actual measurement value is multiplied by 6,000 times). Is shown). FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the value (vertical axis) of the peak voltage Vp according to the test result shown in FIG. 11 and the defect passage position (angle) (described later) (horizontal axis). FIG. 13 shows the positional relationship between the cross section of the wire rope 5 and the rope tester 20. In the table of FIG. 11, the numerical values of the peak voltage Vp are not marked at the upper right, the two symbols (**) are added at the upper right of the numerical value, and the upper right of the numerical value. Some are marked with a single symbol (*). The numerical values with two ** s indicate the numerical values (step 51) to be notified of the occurrence of abnormality in the determination processing according to the above-described algorithm (FIGS. 8 to 10). A numerical value marked with an asterisk (*) indicates a numerical value (step 50) at which attention is to be given at least in the determination processing according to the algorithm described above. A numerical value without a symbol is a numerical value determined that there is no abnormality.

  In this test, four wire ropes 5 having a diameter of 8 mm and having the above-described configuration of 8 × S (19) and arranged in parallel with each other with a spacing of 3 mm between adjacent wire ropes 5 are used. It was. In addition, all four wire ropes 5 were degaussed in advance and tested several times. 11 and 12 are not the inspection data of the first test (when the rope tester 20 is passed through the wire rope 5 for the first time after degaussing), but are obtained by the next second test without degaussing. Inspection data is shown. This is because, when multiple tests were performed, the data obtained in the second and subsequent tests showed little divergence between tests, but only the data obtained in the first test was obtained in the second and subsequent tests. This is because there was a great discrepancy from the data obtained. In the second and subsequent measurements, since the wire rope 5 was magnetized in the previous test, residual magnetism remains in the wire rope 5, and the wire rope 5 is determined by the sum of this residual magnetism and magnetization at the time of inspection. It will be magnetized. The degree (magnitude) of the magnetization at the time of inspection is adjusted so that the sum of the residual magnetism and the magnetization at the time of inspection does not reach the saturation magnetization.

  As described above, the wire rope 5 is made by twisting a plurality of strands 5B, and each strand 5B is made by twisting a plurality of strands. Damage to the wire rope 5 is likely to occur in the outer layer strand 5c among the strands constituting the strand 5B. In the measurement test, a specific one of the four wire ropes 5 (excluding two at both ends) is used for one of the eight strands 5B constituting the wire rope 5. Various numbers of disconnections are intentionally created in the outer strand 5c within the range of one pitch, and the four wire ropes 5 are passed through the rope tester 20 including the wire rope 5 including the disconnected outer strand 5c. I went there.

  In the table of FIG. 11, the “number of disconnections” column shows the number of disconnections of the outer layer strand 5 c in the range of one pitch. However, for the last “one strand”, not only the outer layer strand 5c but also the entire strand 5B including the inner layer strand 5b and the core wire 5a are shown as test results.

  For example, the number of breaks “one strand” is the number of the remaining two wire ropes 5 sandwiched between two wire ropes 5 located at both ends of the four wire ropes 5 arranged in parallel. That one specific strand 5B that constitutes one particular wire rope 5 is one of the outer layer strands 5c constituting the strand 5B disconnected within one pitch. I mean.

  Referring to FIG. 13, the outer layer strand 5c includes outer layer strands (mountain strands) in contact with only the outer layer strand 5c adjacent to both sides of the same strand 5B, and the outer layer strands of other adjacent strands 5B. It is possible to distinguish between an outer layer strand (valley strand) adjacent to the line 5c and an outer layer strand (center contact surface strand) in contact with the fiber core 5A. Even in the outer layer strand 5c included in the same strand 5B, the distance to the rope tester 20 (detection coils 26L and 26R) is different between the above-described mountain strand, valley strand, and core contact surface strand. Secondly, the measurement test was performed not only by changing the number of disconnections, but also by changing the positions of the outer layer wires 5c to be disconnected.

  Referring to FIG. 11, the “disconnection type” column indicates which of the core contact surface element line, the valley element line, and the mountain element line is disconnected. For example, in the number of disconnection “one strand”, three test results of disconnection types “center contact cut”, “valley cut”, and “mount cut” are shown. This is common in that there is one disconnection in the outer layer strand 5c in the range of one pitch, but the disconnection at one location is the above-mentioned “centering surface strand”, “valley strand” and It means that it exists in the “Yama element wire”.

  Furthermore, since the rope tester 20 is provided only on one side of the wire rope 5 (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 13), when the wire rope 5 having a breakage passes through the rope tester 20, the breakage point is the rope. The peak voltage increases as the distance from the tester 20 increases, and the peak voltage decreases as the disconnection point is located away from the rope tester 20. Therefore, thirdly, the measurement test was performed even when the angle positions of the rope tester 20 and the disconnection point were different. Referring to FIG. 13, the test is performed at 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the position of the disconnection between the rope tester 20 and the wire rope 5 as 0 ° when closest to the rope tester 20 and 180 ° when farthest. , 90 °, 135 ° and 180 ° (this is the “defect passage position (angle)” described above).

  Further, in the table of FIG. 11, voltage values (steady voltage values) considered to be due to the above-described strand noise are shown in the “Noise (V)” column.

  Referring to the table of FIG. 11, the voltage value of the strand noise was 0.3V to 0.4V for all the test results. This is the reason why the first threshold voltage for determining whether or not the rope tester 20 (detection coils 26L, 26R) is abnormal is 0.2V. The measurement voltage generated by the strand noise is unlikely to be 0.2 V or less, and when only a peak voltage of 0.2 V or less, which is the first threshold voltage, is obtained, as described above, the rope tester 20 (detection coil 26L, 26R) is determined to be abnormal (step 43).

  Referring to the table of FIG. 11 and the graph of FIG. 12, for most test results, if the damage is the same, the peak voltage is large when the defect passing position is 0 ° (the disconnection point is closest to the rope tester 20). Thus, the peak voltage decreases as the defect passing position approaches 180 ° (as the disconnection point moves away from the rope tester 20). At a defect passing position of 180 ° with the lowest sensitivity, a peak voltage of 0.6 V or more was not obtained except for the number of breaks “one strand”. When the defect passage position is 180 °, a peak voltage Vp of 1.3 V, which is a second threshold voltage of 0.6 V or more, is obtained for one of the strands 5B that is disconnected, and attention should be given (See step 49 and step 50).

  When the defect passing position is 135 °, the peak voltage Vp when one entire strand 5B is disconnected exceeds the third threshold voltage 1.4V. As a result, the occurrence of an abnormality is notified (see step 47 and step 51). When the defect passing position is 135 °, a peak voltage Vp of 0.6V or more is obtained when 7 strands of strands, 3 strands of strands, and 2 strands of strands are used. Will be done.

  When the defect passing position reaches 90 °, further attention will be given to the troughs at four positions of the strands.

  When the defect passing position reaches 45 °, the peak voltage Vp exceeding the third threshold value of 1.4 V is obtained not only for one strand breakage but also for 7 strand breaks and 3 strand breaks. The occurrence will be notified. When the defect passing position is 45 °, further attention is given to the cutting of one strand of the wire, the cutting of the two concentric surfaces, the cutting of the two strands of the strand, and the cutting of the two strands of the strand.

  When the defect passing position reaches 0 °, an abnormality notification is performed instead of alerting for the four-wire concentric contact cut and the four-wire trough cut.

  Although the sensitivity when the defect passage position is 180 ° is somewhat low, the second threshold voltage for determining whether or not the wire rope 5 is damaged is set to 0.6V, and the degree of damage is divided into two. By setting the third threshold voltage of 1.4V to 1.4V, it is possible to perform alerting and abnormality notification relatively well.

  However, the above-described first, second, and third threshold voltages are merely examples, and when the sensitivity for determining whether or not the wire rope 5 is damaged is increased, the second threshold voltage is set lower. Needless to say, it is possible to increase the number of cases where the abnormality notification is performed by lowering the third threshold voltage.

  FIGS. 14 and 15 show tables and graphs corresponding to FIGS. 11 and 12. As shown in FIG. 16, the wire tester 20 is not provided on one side, but on both sides thereof. Simulation results are shown. By providing two rope testers 20 so that the wire rope 5 is sandwiched from both sides, the sensitivity at the defect passing position in the range of 90 ° to 180 ° is improved. When the rope tester 20 is provided on both sides of the wire rope 5, referring to FIG. 14, a warning (see * mark) and a warning (**) compared to the case where the rope tester 20 is provided only on one side of the wire rope 5. The frequency of performing (see mark) is increased. When the rope tester 20 is provided on both sides of the wire rope 5, the second and third threshold voltages having different values from the case of providing the rope tester 20 on one side may be set.

  FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 of a rope tester 20A of another embodiment. The rope tester 20 in FIG. 4 is the direction in which the longitudinal ends of the sensor surface of the rope tester 20A (detection coils 26L and 26R) (only the coil 26L is shown in FIG. 17) are upward (the direction in which the wire rope 5 is positioned). ) Is different in that it is curved towards. The coil base 23 that supports the detection coils 26L and 26R also has rising portions at both ends thereof.

  When the overall width of the four wire ropes 5 arranged in parallel (interval between the wire ropes 5) is wider than the groove interval in the sheave used in the hoisting machine 6 and the deflector 7 (see FIG. 1) The two wire ropes 5 located at both ends of the four wire ropes 5 have a contact surface with the sheave biased outward and come into strong contact with the sheave, so the remaining two wire ropes 5 located in the middle Damage progresses faster than Both ends of the sensor surface (detection coils 26L, 26R) of the rope tester 20A are curved, and both end portions of each of the two wire ropes 5 positioned at the ends of the four wire ropes 5 are connected. By reaching the sides, it is possible to increase the sensitivity of damage detection for the two wire ropes 5 located at the ends of both sides.

5 Wire rope 5B Strand 9 Control device
10 Communication equipment
20, 20A Rope tester (sensor device)
24, 25 magnet
26L, 26R detection coil
30 Movement mechanism
31 induction motor

Claims (6)

A wire rope inspection device provided with a sensor device that is installed along a traveling path along which a plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel with each other and that detects leakage magnetic flux generated from a magnetized wire rope,
The sensor surface of the sensor device is formed in a planar shape and has a length exceeding the entire width of the plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel;
When detecting the leakage magnetic flux, the sensor surface of the sensor device is placed in parallel with the plane defined by the plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel and makes line contact with each of the plurality of wire ropes. , And installed across the entire width of the plurality of wire ropes arranged in parallel,
Inspection equipment for wire rope. A moving mechanism for moving the sensor device;
The moving mechanism brings the sensor device close to the wire rope when detecting the leakage magnetic flux, makes the sensor surface line contact with the wire rope, and moves the sensor device when the leakage magnetic flux is not detected. The sensor device is moved away from the wire rope.
The wire rope inspection apparatus according to claim 1. The moving mechanism includes a rotation mechanism that rotates the sensor device.
The wire rope inspection apparatus according to claim 2.   Both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the planar sensor surface are curved in the same direction, and when the leakage magnetic flux is detected, each of the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the sensor surface is a plurality of parallel arrays. The wire rope inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein both of the wire ropes reach the sides of the two wire ropes positioned at the ends of the wire.   5. The wire rope inspection device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor device includes a detection coil that detects the leakage magnetic flux and a magnetizer that magnetizes the plurality of wire ropes. 6. Two first and second detection coils arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other;
An interval between portions of the first and second detection coils through which the leakage magnetic flux penetrates is an integral multiple of a distance between adjacent strands of a plurality of strands constituting the wire rope;
The wire rope inspection apparatus according to claim 5.

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