JP6190884B2 - ニアアイディスプレイ - Google Patents
ニアアイディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6190884B2 JP6190884B2 JP2015532479A JP2015532479A JP6190884B2 JP 6190884 B2 JP6190884 B2 JP 6190884B2 JP 2015532479 A JP2015532479 A JP 2015532479A JP 2015532479 A JP2015532479 A JP 2015532479A JP 6190884 B2 JP6190884 B2 JP 6190884B2
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
Description
a)屈折率n1 を有する、光学的に透過的な底部基板を設け、
b)底部基板に一連の溝とリッジとを製造し、
c)溝に、屈折率n11 又はn を有する光学的に透過的な材料の第1の領域を堆積して、第1の回折格子層を完成させ、
d)リッジ上に、屈折率n21 又はn を有する光学的に透過的な材料の第2の領域を堆積し、
e)第2の領域同士の間に、任意に第2の領域の上にも均一な被覆層として、(n1 と等しくすることができるが、等しくする必要は無い)屈折率n2 を有する光学的に透過的な材料を任意に堆積する、
ことによって製造することができる。
Claims (19)
- 光学素子を光コンバイナとして備えたニアアイディスプレイであって、前記光学素子は、
透過的な基板と、
前記基板に入射する光を回折して、前記基板内で全反射を経て伝搬させる手段と、
前記基板内を伝搬して前記基板から出る光を回折するように構成される光取り出し回折格子と、を備え、
前記光取り出し回折格子は、第1の厚さであり透過的な第1の回折格子層を備え、前記第1の回折格子層は、周期的に互い違いにした、相違する屈折率を有する領域を含み、
前記光取り出し回折格子は、前記第1の回折格子層上に位置するとともに、周期的に互い違いにした、相違する屈折率を有する領域を含む、第2の厚さであり透過的な第2の回折格子層を更に備え、前記第1の回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する前記領域が、少なくとも部分的に、前記第2の回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する前記領域と並ぶとともに、前記第1の回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する前記領域が、少なくとも部分的に、前記第2の回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する前記領域と並び、
前記第1の回折格子層及び第2の回折格子層の、周期と、層の厚さと、屈折率とを調整して、450−650ナノメートルの波長域に対する、1次透過オーダーの回折効率を、1次反射オーダーの回折効率よりも低くしたことを特徴とする、ニアアイディスプレイ。 - 450−650ナノメートルの波長域に対する、前記1次透過オーダーの回折効率が0.4%以下であり、1次反射オーダーの回折効率が少なくとも3%であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層は同じ回折格子周期を有し、前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層のそれぞれは、単一の回折格子周期に、相違する屈折率を有する2種類の領域を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層の厚さが等しいことを特徴とする、請求項1−3のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層の材料特性が異なり、前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層の厚さが相違することを特徴とする、請求項1−3のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第2の回折格子層の前記屈折率の少なくとも一方が、前記第1の回折格子層の前記屈折率と同じであることを特徴とする、請求項1−5のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層は、1つ以上の同一方向で、周期的であることを特徴とする、請求項1−6のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する前記領域が、前記第2の回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する前記領域と完全に並ぶとともに、前記第1の回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する前記領域が、前記第2の回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する前記領域と完全に並ぶことを特徴とする、請求項1−7のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第2の回折格子層は、前記第1の回折格子層と同じ内部構造を有するが、前記回折格子の周期方向において、前記第1の回折格子層に対して、回折格子周期の半分だけ横方向に位置を変えることを特徴とする、請求項1−8のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層は、均一の誘電体層によって分離されることを特徴とする、請求項1−9のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記回折格子層は、金属又は導電性酸化物を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1−10のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び/又は前記第2の回折格子層の前記領域の少なくともいくつかは、前記基板と同じ材料、又は前記基板と屈折率が等しい材料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1−11のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記回折格子を前記基板の表面に設け、前記回折格子は前記回折格子の他方側に塗膜層を備え、それによって、前記第1の回折格子層及び/又は前記第2の回折格子層の前記領域の少なくともいくつかは、前記塗膜層と同じ材料を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1−12のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層の周期は300ナノメートルから1500ナノメートルの間であり、前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層の層の厚さは5ナノメートルから200ナノメートルの間であることを特徴とする、請求項1−13のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層のそれぞれにおいて、前記より低い屈折率は1.3から1.7の間であり、前記第1の回折格子層及び前記第2の回折格子層のそれぞれにおいて、前記より高い屈折率は1.5から2.2の間であることを特徴とする、請求項1−14のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記基板に入射する光を回折する前記手段は、前記基板の外側からの光を、前記基板内へ、そして更に前記光取り出し回折格子に向かってに回折するように構成される光取り込み回折格子を備え、光は、導光する前記基板内で全反射を経て伝搬することを特徴とする、請求項1−15のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記光学素子は、前記基板の前記表面上の前記光取り込み回折格子を照射できるライトプロジェクタを備えることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記2つの層の回折格子構造が二重に周期的であることを特徴とする、請求項1−17のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
- 前記光学素子は、視覚補助具で使用する透過的な要素であることを特徴とする、請求項1−18のいずれかに記載のニアアイディスプレイ。
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