JP6185423B2 - ガス流からの水素及び一酸化炭素不純物の除去 - Google Patents
ガス流からの水素及び一酸化炭素不純物の除去 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6185423B2 JP6185423B2 JP2014078541A JP2014078541A JP6185423B2 JP 6185423 B2 JP6185423 B2 JP 6185423B2 JP 2014078541 A JP2014078541 A JP 2014078541A JP 2014078541 A JP2014078541 A JP 2014078541A JP 6185423 B2 JP6185423 B2 JP 6185423B2
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- hydrogen
- catalyst
- carbon monoxide
- layer
- gas
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 158
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 157
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 150
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 141
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 133
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 133
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 228
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 164
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 23
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 114
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 53
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 46
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 33
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- PUFKGWVZPFANLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxomanganese oxocopper Chemical group O=[Cu].O=[Mn]=O PUFKGWVZPFANLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen monoxide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt Chemical compound O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPAMAAOTLJSEAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].O=C=O Chemical compound [N].O=C=O KPAMAAOTLJSEAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IPPVBHWPMXOGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2] IPPVBHWPMXOGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag].[Ag] VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
- C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
- C01B21/0411—Chemical processing only
- C01B21/0416—Chemical processing only by oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
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- B01D2253/104—Alumina
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- B01D2253/1124—Metal oxides
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- B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40043—Purging
- B01D2259/4005—Nature of purge gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
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- B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
- B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
CO(ガス) ⇔ CO(吸着される)
すなわち、触媒表面で吸着されるガスからのCO
CO(吸着される)+ O(表面) ⇔ CO2(吸着される)
すなわち、吸着されるCOは、触媒表面の酸素と反応してCO2を生成する
CO2(吸着される) ⇔ CO(ガス)
すなわち、CO2は、ガス相中に脱着される
水素除去について、同様の機構が関与している(これらの反応機構では、「CO」の代わりに「H2」を使用し、「CO2」の代わりに「H2O」を使用する)。
前記ガスから水及び二酸化炭素を除去して二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない乾燥ガスを製造するための少なくとも1種の吸着剤層と、
前記乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去して水素及び一酸化炭素を実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するための触媒の層と、
任意選択で、前記生成物ガスから二酸化炭素を除去するためのさらなる吸着剤層と
からなり、前記触媒が酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む吸着装置が提供される。
本発明の第3の形態において、不純物を含む乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するためのホプカライトの使用であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない使用が提供される。
CO + MnO2 → CO2 + MnO
これに基づき、ガス中の酸素(O2)の存在は酸化には必要無い。従って、酸素ガスが乾燥ガス中に存在してもよく、もしそうなら、酸化反応の酸化剤として利用できるであろう。酸素は、約1mol%〜約50mol%の量で存在してもよい。乾燥ガスは、窒素及び希ガスなどの少なくとも1種のガス成分を含んでよい。好適な態様において、乾燥ガスは空気である。
#1.水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まず、前記方法が、前記乾燥ガスを水素及び一酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するのに十分な滞留時間で酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む触媒の層に通過させることを含む、方法。
#2.前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)約30wt%〜約60wt%のマンガン及び約10wt%〜約30wt%の銅を含む、#1に記載の方法。
#3.前記触媒がホプカライトである、#1又は#2に記載の方法。
#4.前記触媒の層内の滞留時間が少なくとも1.5秒である、#1〜#3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#5.前記乾燥ガスが最大約20ppmの水素を含む、#1〜#4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#6.前記乾燥ガスが最大約50ppmの一酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#7.前記乾燥ガスが約10ppm以下の水を含む、#1〜#6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#8.前記乾燥ガスが約10ppm以下の二酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#9.酸素が、約1mol%〜約50mol%の量において前記乾燥ガス中に存在する、#1〜#8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#10.前記乾燥ガスが空気である、#1〜#9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#11.前記乾燥ガスが約3bar〜約25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力で前記触媒の層を通過する、#1〜#10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#12.前記乾燥ガスが約0℃〜約60℃の温度である、#1〜#11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#13.前記生成物ガスが10ppb以下の一酸化炭素を含む、#1〜#12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#14.前記生成物ガスが10ppb以下の水素を含む、#1〜#13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#15.前記触媒の層が、再生ガスを少なくとも180℃の温度で前記触媒の層に少なくとも25分間にわたって通過させることにより再生される、#1〜#14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
#16.前記再生ガスが触媒表面に酸素を供給するための酸素を含む、#15に記載の方法。
#17.水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記乾燥空気が二酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まず、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を約3bar〜約25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力及び約0℃〜約60℃の温度でホプカライト触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、水素及び一酸化炭素を少なくとも実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造することを含む、方法。
#18.水、二酸化炭素、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含むガスから、水、二酸化炭素、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための吸着装置であって、前記吸着装置が吸着剤床を含み、前記吸着剤床が、
前記ガスから水及び二酸化炭素を除去して二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない乾燥ガスを製造するための少なくとも1種の吸着剤層と、
前記乾燥ガスから水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去して水素及び一酸化炭素を実質的に含まない生成物ガスを製造するための触媒の層と、
任意選択で、前記生成物ガスから二酸化炭素を除去するためのさらなる吸着剤層と
からなり、前記触媒が酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む、吸着装置。
#19.前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)約30wt%〜約60wt%のマンガン及び約10wt%〜約30wt%の銅を含む、#18に記載の吸着装置。
#20.前記触媒がホプカライトである、#18又は#19に記載の吸着装置。
#21.前記触媒の層の長さが、前記触媒の層内において少なくとも1.5秒の乾燥ガスの滞留時間を与えるのに十分なものである、#18〜#20のいずれか1項に記載の吸着装置。
#22.前記装置がTSA装置である、#18〜#21のいずれか1項に記載の吸着装置。
#23.酸素と、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物とを含む乾燥ガスから、水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するためのホプカライトの使用であって、前記乾燥ガスが二酸化炭素を実質的に含まない、使用。
[ホプカライトによる水素の除去]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に希薄水素を添加して、5ppmの水素を含有する原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[ホプカライト上の水素化学吸着に対する一酸化炭素の影響]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[ホプカライト上の水素化学吸着に対する二酸化炭素の影響]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄二酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と400ppmの二酸化炭素(これは、触媒層の前に水の除去が行われる場合にのみ、空気中にあるであろう二酸化炭素のレベルである)とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中のガス滞留時間は3.6秒であった。
[滞留時間の関数としての水素の破過]
この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.5scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であったが、ガスは、床に沿った3つの異なる位置の1.2秒、2.5秒、及び3.7秒の滞留時間に一致してサンプリングした。
[二酸化炭素分離も伴う水素の破過]
この試験では、この試験では、乾燥した精製空気に、希薄水素と希薄一酸化炭素とを加えて、5ppmの水素と10ppmの一酸化炭素とを含む原料空気流を得た。原料ガス流速は3.6scfm(1.7×10-3m3/秒)であり、触媒層中の滞留時間は3.2秒であった。この場合の原料ガスとカラム温度は、55℃に変更された。
Claims (9)
- 水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を水を吸着するための第1の層と二酸化炭素を吸着するための第2の層とを通過させることで、乾燥空気中の二酸化炭素及び水含量をそれぞれ10ppm以下に低減すること、次いで前記乾燥空気を0℃〜60℃の温度で酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物を含む触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、酸化マンガン及び酸化銅の混合物によって前記乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去し、水素及び一酸化炭素含量がそれぞれ10ppb以下である生成物ガスを製造することを含み、前記触媒が(合計の原子質量に基づいて)30wt%〜60wt%のマンガン及び10wt%〜30wt%の銅を含む、方法。
- 前記触媒がホプカライトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が最大20ppmの水素を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が最大50ppmの一酸化炭素を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 酸素が、1mol%〜50mol%の量において前記乾燥空気中に存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥空気が3bar〜25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力で前記触媒の層を通過する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒の層が、再生ガスを少なくとも180℃の温度で前記触媒の層に少なくとも25分間にわたって通過させることにより再生される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記再生ガスが触媒表面に酸素を供給するための酸素を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を含む乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去するための方法であって、前記方法が、前記乾燥空気を水を吸着するための第1の層と二酸化炭素を吸着するための第2の層とを通過させることで、乾燥空気中の二酸化炭素及び水含量をそれぞれ10ppm以下に低減すること、次いで前記乾燥空気を3bar〜25bar(0.3MPa〜2.5MPa)の圧力及び0℃〜60℃の温度でホプカライト触媒の層に少なくとも1.5秒の前記触媒の層内の滞留時間で通過させて、ホプカライトによって前記乾燥空気から水素及び一酸化炭素不純物を除去し、水素及び一酸化炭素含量がそれぞれ10ppb以下である生成物ガスを製造することを含む、方法。
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JP2014208340A (ja) | 2014-11-06 |
EP2789376A1 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
EP2789376B2 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
PL2789376T5 (pl) | 2021-08-30 |
CN104096475A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
TWI531404B (zh) | 2016-05-01 |
JP2016117065A (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
TW201438808A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
US8940263B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 |
CN104096475B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
IL232007A0 (en) | 2014-08-31 |
EP2789376B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CN204320096U (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
ES2656305T5 (es) | 2022-02-23 |
IL232007A (en) | 2017-05-29 |
US20140308176A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
KR20140122678A (ko) | 2014-10-20 |
SG10201401155TA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
MY169362A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
PL2789376T3 (pl) | 2018-04-30 |
KR101605609B1 (ko) | 2016-03-22 |
ES2656305T3 (es) | 2018-02-26 |
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