JP6153865B2 - エネルギー送達システム - Google Patents
エネルギー送達システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6153865B2 JP6153865B2 JP2013509179A JP2013509179A JP6153865B2 JP 6153865 B2 JP6153865 B2 JP 6153865B2 JP 2013509179 A JP2013509179 A JP 2013509179A JP 2013509179 A JP2013509179 A JP 2013509179A JP 6153865 B2 JP6153865 B2 JP 6153865B2
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Description
本出願は、参照によりその全体が組み込まれる、2010年5月3日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/330,800号に対する優先権を主張する。
本発明は、医学的手技(例えば、組織のアブレーション、切除、焼灼、血管血栓症、心不整脈および律動異常の治療、電気外科術、組織採取等)を含む様々な応用のためにエネルギーを組織に送達するための包括的なシステム、デバイス、および方法に関する。ある実施形態において、エネルギーをアクセス困難な組織領域(例えば、末梢肺組織)に送達するための、および/またはエネルギー送達中に放出される望ましくない熱量を低減するための、システム、デバイス、および方法が提供される。
アブレーションは、ある種の組織(例えば良性および悪性腫瘍、心不整脈、心律動異常、ならびに頻脈)を治療するための重要な治療方策である。大部分の認可されたアブレーションシステムは、アブレーションエネルギー源として無線周波数(RF)エネルギーを利用している。故に現在、医師は、種々のRFに基づくカテーテルおよび電源を利用することができる。しかしながら、RFエネルギーは、エネルギーの迅速な散逸により浅い「火傷」を生じること、またより深い腫瘍または不整脈性組織にアクセスできないことを含む、いくつかの制限を有する。RFアブレーションシステムの別の制限は、さらなる電気エネルギーの付与を制限する焼痂および凝血塊をエネルギー放射電極上に形成する傾向があることである。
本発明は、医学的手技(例えば、組織のアブレーション、切除、焼灼、血管血栓症、心臓不整脈および律動異常の治療、電気外科術、組織採取等)を含む、様々な応用に関する、エネルギーを組織に送達するためのシステム、デバイス、および方法に関する。ある実施形態では、エネルギーの印加を通して組織領域(例えば、腫瘍)を治療するための、システム、デバイス、および方法が提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、エネルギー送達デバイスを到達困難な組織領域にアクセスさせるための、システム、デバイス、および方法が提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、エネルギー伝送線に沿った熱放出を低減するための、システム、デバイス、および方法が提供される。
〔図1〕本発明の一実施形態における、エネルギー送達システムの概略図である。
〔図33〕誘電体材料がチャネルの中の内部導体と外部導体との間の空間を分割する、同軸伝送線の例示的な「ワゴンホイール」断面を示す図である。
本発明は、医学的手技(例えば、組織アブレーション(例えば、腫瘍アブレーション)、切除、焼灼、血管血栓症、中空臓器の管腔内アブレーション、不整脈治療のための心臓アブレーション、電気外科術、組織採取、美容外科術、眼内使用等)を含む、様々な応用に関する、エネルギー(例えば、マイクロ波エネルギー、高周波エネルギー)を組織に送達するための包括的なシステム、デバイス、および方法に関する。いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、マイクロ波エネルギーを送達するためのシステムを提供し、該システムは、電源、電力を方向付ける、制御する、および送達する手段(例えば、電力分配器)、プロセッサ、エネルギー放射デバイス、冷却システム、撮像システム、温度監視システム、デバイス配置システム、および/または追跡システムを備える。具体的には、本発明のエネルギー送達システムの使用を通して、アクセス困難な組織領域(例えば、末梢肺腫瘍)を治療するための、システム、デバイス、および方法が提供される。
本発明のエネルギー送達システム内で利用されるエネルギーは、電源を通して供給される。本発明は、特定の種類または系統の電源に限定されない。いくつかの実施形態において、電源は、エネルギーを本発明のエネルギー送達システムの1つ以上の構成要素(例えば、アブレーションデバイス)に提供するように構成される。電源は、特定の種類のエネルギー(例えば、高周波エネルギー、マイクロ波エネルギー、放射線エネルギー、レーザ、集束超音波等)を提供することに限定されない。電源は、特定の量のエネルギーを提供すること、または特定の送達速度で提供することに限定されない。いくつかの実施形態において、電源は、組織のアブレーションの目的で、エネルギーをエネルギー送達デバイスに提供するように構成される。
本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、エネルギーを送達する(例えば、放射する)ように構成される任意の種類のデバイス(例えば、アブレーションデバイス、外科的デバイス等)の使用を企図している(例えば、それぞれ、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第7,101,369号、第7,033,352号、第6,893,436号、第6,878,147号、第6,823,218号、第6,817,999号、第6,635,055号、第6,471,696号、第6,383,182号、第6,312,427号、第6,287,302号、第6,277,113号、第6,251,128号、第6,245,062号、第6,026,331号、第6,016,811号、第5,810,803号、第5,800,494号、第5,788,692号、第5,405,346号、第4,494,539号、米国特許出願第11/728,460号、第11/728,457号、第11/728,428号、第11/237,136号、第11/236,985号、第10/980,699号、第10/961,994号、第10/961,761号、第10/834,802号、第10/370,179号、第09/847,181号、英国特許出願第2,406,521号、第2,388,039号、欧州特許第1395190号、および国際特許出願第WO06/008481号、第WO06/002943号、第WO05/034783号、第WO04/112628号、第WO04/033039号、第WO04/026122号、第WO03/088858号、第WO03/039385号、第WO95/04385号を参照されたい)。そのようなデバイスとしては、エネルギーを放射するために構成される任意のおよび全ての医学的、獣医学的、および研究的応用デバイス、ならびに農業環境、製造環境、機械的環境、またはエネルギーが送達される任意の他の応用で使用されるデバイスが挙げられる。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、システムの構成要素の1つ以上に関して、フィードバックを監視、および/または制御、および/または提供する、プロセッサを利用する。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、コンピュータモジュール内に提供される。コンピュータモジュールはまた、その機能の1つ以上を行うために、プロセッサによって使用されるソフトウェアを含んでもよい。例えば、いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のシステムは、標的組織のサイズおよび形状、組織領域の温度等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない、組織領域の1つ以上の特性の監視を通して(例えば、フィードバックシステムを通して)、組織領域に提供されるマイクロ波エネルギーの量を調節するための、ソフトウェアを提供する(例えば、これらはそれぞれ、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許出願第11/728,460号、第11/728,457号、および第11/728,428号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、ソフトウェアは、リアルタイムで情報(例えば、監視情報)を提供するように構成される。いくつかの実施形態において、ソフトウェアは、本発明のエネルギー送達システムと相互作用するように構成され、よって、組織領域に送達されるエネルギーの量を増大または減少させることが可能である。いくつかの実施形態において、ソフトウェアは、冷却剤がエネルギー送達デバイスの使用前に所望の温度であるように、分配する冷却剤を、例えば、エネルギー送達デバイスに注入するように設計される。いくつかの実施形態では、プロセッサが、特定の種類の組織領域に対する事前校正された方法に基づいて、組織領域へのマイクロ波エネルギーの送達を調節(例えば、同調)することを可能にする目的で、治療されている組織の種類(例えば、肝臓)がソフトウェアに入力される。他の実施形態において、プロセッサは、特定の種類の組織領域に基づく図表または線図を生成し、有用な特性をシステムのユーザに表示する。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、例えば、電力を緩やかに逓減して、高い温度によって生じる急激なガス放出のため組織に亀裂が生じるのを回避する目的で、エネルギー送達アルゴリズムを提供する。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、ユーザが、電力、治療の継続期間、異なる組織種類に対する異なる治療アルゴリズム、複数のアンテナモードにおけるアンテナへの電力の同時印加、アンテナ間での電力送達の切り替え、コヒーレントおよびインコヒーレント位相調整等を選択することを可能にする。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、同様のもしくは異なる患者特性を伴う以前の治療に基づいた、特定の組織領域に対するアブレーション治療に関して、情報(例えば、特定の患者特性に基づいた、組織領域に対する、必要とされるエネルギーレベル、治療の継続期間)のデータベースを作成するために構成される。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、遠隔制御によって動作する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、撮像デバイスを備える撮像システムを利用する。エネルギー送達システムは、特定の種類の撮像デバイスに限定されない(例えば、内視鏡デバイス、コンピュータ支援定位神経外科ナビゲーションデバイス、熱センサ位置決めシステム、運動速度センサ、操縦ワイヤシステム、手技中の超音波、介在超音波、マイクロ波撮像、音響断層撮影、二重エネルギー撮像、蛍光透視、磁気共鳴コンピュータ断層撮影撮像、核医学撮像デバイスによる三角測量撮像、熱音響撮像、赤外線、および/またはレーザ撮像、電磁的撮像)(例えば、それぞれ、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第6,817,976号、第6,577,903号、第5,697,949号、および第5,603,697号、ならびに国際特許出願第WO06/005,579号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、システムは、内視鏡カメラ、撮像構成要素、および/または本発明のエネルギーシステムとともに使用される品目のいずれかの配置、位置付け、および/または監視を可能にもしくは援助する、ナビゲーションシステムを利用する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、組織領域に送達されるエネルギーの量を調整するための、同調要素を利用する。いくつかの実施形態において、同調要素は、システムのユーザによって手動で調整される。いくつかの実施形態では、ユーザが所望に応じてデバイスのエネルギー送達を調整することを可能にするために、同調システムがエネルギー送達デバイスに組み込まれる(例えば、それぞれ、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第5,957,969号、第5,405,346号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、デバイスは、所望の組織に対して予め同調され、手技の全体を通して固定される。いくつかの実施形態において、同調システムは、発電機とエネルギー送達デバイスとの間でインピーダンスが一致するように設計される(例えば、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第5,364,392号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、同調要素は、本発明のプロセッサによって、自動的に調整および制御される(例えば、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第5,693,082号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、プロセッサは、標的組織の熱、性質、および/または場所、所望の焼灼部のサイズ、治療時間の長さ、敏感な臓器領域または血管に対する近接度等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない、任意の数の所望の因子を考慮して、手技の全体を通して一定のエネルギーを提供するように、経時的にエネルギー送達を調整する。いくつかの実施形態において、システムは、デバイスの機能を連続的にもしくは時間点で監視するユーザまたはプロセッサにフィードバックを提供する、センサを備える。センサは、システムの構成要素の1つ以上の位置の熱、組織の熱、組織の性質等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない、任意の数の性質を記録および/または報告してもよい。センサは、CT、超音波、磁気共鳴撮像、または任意の他の撮像デバイス等の、撮像デバイスの形態であってもよい。いくつかの実施形態において、特に研究応用について、システムは、一般にシステムの将来の最適化で使用するための情報、および/または特定の条件下でエネルギー送達を最適化するための情報(例えば、患者の種類、組織の種類、標的領域のサイズおよび形状、標的領域の場所等)を記録および記憶する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、エネルギー送達デバイス(例えば、組織アブレーションカテーテル)内の、およびそれに沿った望ましくない加熱を低減するために、冷却剤システムを利用する。本発明のシステムは、特定の冷却システム機構に限定されない。いくつかの実施形態において、本システムは、同軸伝送線または3軸伝送線およびアンテナの温度が低減されるように、エネルギー送達デバイスの全体を通して冷却剤(例えば、空気、液体等)を循環させるように設計される。いくつかの実施形態において、本システムは、冷却剤の循環に適応するように設計されたチャネルをその中に有する、エネルギー送達デバイスを利用する。いくつかの実施形態において、システムは、アンテナを外部から冷却する目的で、アンテナまたはアンテナの複数部分を包み込む、冷却剤シースを提供する(例えば、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許出願第11/053,987号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、冷却剤シースは、収縮可能な材料(例えば、boPET)で構成され、(例えば、挿入および/または展開のために)収縮したときに小さい断面外径をとり、冷却剤がシースを通って流れたときに膨張する(図32Iおよび32Jを参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、冷却剤シースは、同軸ケーブルの外部導体として、または3軸ケーブルの外部もしくは第2の導体(中間導体)として機能する。いくつかの実施形態において、システムは、周辺組織への熱の散逸を制限する目的で、アンテナの周囲に導電被覆剤を有する、エネルギー送達デバイスを利用する(例えば、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第5,358,515号を参照されたい)。いくつかの実施形態において、冷却剤の循環時に、冷却剤は、例えば、廃棄物容器に移出される。いくつかの実施形態において、冷却剤の循環時に、冷却剤は、再循環させられる。いくつかの実施形態において、冷却剤は、その臨界点または臨界点近くで、循環させられる気体である。いくつかの実施形態において、その臨界点または臨界点近くで送達される気体は、二酸化炭素ガスである。いくつかの実施形態において、エネルギー送達デバイスは、冷却剤をその臨界点または臨界点近くに保持するために、輸送される冷却剤(例えば、臨界点または臨界点近くの二酸化炭素ガス)を所望の圧力に圧縮するように構成される。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、システムの1つ以上の構成要素と関連付けられる識別要素(例えば、RFID要素、識別リング(例えば、基準点)、バーコード等)を利用する。いくつかの実施形態において、識別要素は、システムの特定の構成要素に関する情報を伝達する。本発明は、伝達される情報によって限定されない。いくつかの実施形態において、伝達される情報としては、構成要素の種類(例えば、製造業者、サイズ、エネルギー定格、組織の構成等)、(例えば、滅菌されていない構成要素が使用されないことを確実にするために)以前に構成要素が使用されたかどうか、構成要素の場所、患者固有の情報等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの実施形態において、情報は、本発明のプロセッサによって読み取られる。いくつかのそのような実施形態において、プロセッサは、識別要素を含む構成要素とともに使用するための、またはそれとともに最適に使用するための、システムの他の構成要素を構成する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、温度監視システムを利用する。いくつかの実施形態では、(例えば、温度センサによって)エネルギー送達デバイスの温度を監視するために、温度監視システムが使用される。いくつかの実施形態では、組織領域(例えば、治療されている組織、周辺組織)の温度を監視するために、温度監視システムが使用される。いくつかの実施形態において、温度監視システムは、プロセッサがシステムを適切に調整することを可能にするために、ユーザまたはプロセッサに温度情報を提供する目的で、プロセッサと通信するように設計される。いくつかの実施形態では、アブレーション状態、冷却状態を推定するために、または安全確認のために、アンテナに沿っていくつかの地点で温度が監視される。いくつかの実施形態では、例えば、(例えば、組織の種類およびエネルギー送達デバイスで使用される電力量に基づいて)アブレーション区域の地理的特性(例えば、直径、深さ、長さ、密度、幅等)を判定するために、アンテナに沿っていくつかの地点で監視される温度が使用される。いくつかの実施形態では、例えば、手技の状態(例えば、手技の終了)を判定するために、アンテナに沿っていくつかの地点で監視される温度が使用される。いくつかの実施形態において、温度は、介在アンテナを通して、熱電対または電磁的手段を使用して監視される。いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書で説明される1つ以上の冷却手技(例えば、冷却剤流、減じた電力、パルスプログラム、遮断等)を開始するために、温度の監視から収集されたデータが使用される。
本発明のシステムは、本発明の特徴を直接的または間接的に利用するか、または援助する、1つ以上の付加的な構成要素をさらに用いてもよい。例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、システムの任意の1つ以上の構成要素の機能を監視および/または報告するために、1つ以上の監視デバイスが使用される。加えて、直接的または間接的に、本発明のデバイスとともに使用され得る任意の医療デバイスまたはシステムが、システムに含まれてもよい。そのような構成要素としては、滅菌システム、デバイス、および構成要素、他の外科用、診断用、または監視デバイスもしくはシステム、ハンドブック、説明書、標識および誘導線、ロボット設備等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明のシステムは、特定の用途に限定されない。実際に、本発明のエネルギー送達システムは、エネルギーの放射が適用可能である任意の環境で使用するために設計される。そのような用途としては、任意のおよび全ての医学的、獣医学的、および研究的応用が挙げられる。加えて、本発明のシステムおよびデバイスは、農業環境、製造環境、機械的環境、またはエネルギーが送達される任意の他の応用で使用されてもよい。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、一次カテーテル(例えば、内視鏡、気管支鏡等)を提供する。いくつかの実施形態において、当業者に知られている任意の好適な内視鏡または気管支鏡は、本発明の一次カテーテルとしての用途を見出す。いくつかの実施形態において、一次カテーテルは、当技術分野で知られている1つ以上の内視鏡および/または気管支鏡の特性、ならびに本明細書で説明されている特性を採用している。従来の可撓性気管支鏡の1つの種類は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第4,880,015号で説明されている。気管支鏡は、長さが790mmであり、2つの主な部品、すなわち、作業ヘッドおよび挿入管を有する。作業頭部は、接眼レンズと、視度調整リングを伴う接眼レンズと、吸入配管、吸入弁、および光源のための取り付け具と、種々のデバイスおよび流体が作業チャネルに入り、気管支鏡の遠位端から出ることができるアクセスポートまたは生検入口と、を含む。作業ヘッドは、典型的に、長さが580mmで、直径が6.3mmである、挿入管に取り付けられる。挿入管は、遠位先端の対物レンズの中で終了する光ファイバーバンドルと、光導波路と、および作業チャネルとを含む。本発明の実施形態において用途を見出し得る他の内視鏡および気管支鏡、または本発明との用途を見出し得るその複数部分は、米国特許第7,473,219号、米国特許第6,086,529号、米国特許第4,586,491号、米国特許第7,263,997号、米国特許第7,233,820号、および米国特許第6,174,307号で説明されている。
〔実施例I〕
この実施例では、冷却剤チャネルを通して冷却剤を循環させる本発明のエネルギー送達デバイスの使用を通しての、望ましくない組織加熱の回避を実証する。全ての実験に対するアブレーション針軸は、20.5cmとした。ハンドルアセンブリの冷却は最小限であり、ハンドル冷却効果が十分に分離されたことを示している。温度プローブ1、2、および3は、ステンレス針の先端の近位側から4cm、8cm、および12cmに位置させた(図9を参照されたい)。温度測定は、ブタ肝臓への挿入に続く35%電力測定、およびブタ肝臓への挿入に続く45%電力測定について行った。35%電力測定に関して、プローブ4は、ハンドル自体の上とした。45%電力測定に関して、プローブ4は、針と皮膚との間の界面、すなわち、ステンレス針先端の後方約16cmに位置させた。
この実施例では、発電機の校正を実証する。発電機の校正は、Cober−Muegge社により工場で行われ、150Wを超える電力に対して最も正確になるように設定した。マグネトロンは、ダイオードとほぼ同じように機能し、陰極電圧を増加させても、臨界閾値に到達するまで、真空電流(出力電力に比例する)は増加しなかった。臨界閾値では、真空電流が電圧とともに急激に増加した。マグネトロン源の制御は、その臨界地点の近くで陰極電圧の正確な制御に依存した。したがって、発電機は、0〜10%の電力については指定されず、出力電力と理論上の入力電力割合の相関性は、15%以下という低さであった。
この実施例では、製造中のアンテナの設定および試験を説明する。これは、設定のための方法を提供し、製造環境において試験した。方法は、組織ではなく、液体の組織等価ファントムを用いる。
この実施例では、3軸および中央給電ダイポールアンテナの効率、加熱能力、および製造性を比較した。容易に挿入することが可能である、より剛性のある鋭利な先端を作成するために、元の3軸設計の改良が必要であった。アルミナシースの付加および平らに削った金属先端の付加によって、アンテナの長さをどのように変化させることが必要になり得るかを判定するために、最初に、コンピュータモデリングを使用した。モデリング後、アンテナを長くすることが必要であること、および金属先端が性能を低下させないことを確認し、エクスビボで肝臓組織を試験するために、アンテナを構成した。この試験は、改良した設計が、その高い効率を保持する一方で、経皮的配置に対して十分な機械的強度を提供することを示した。中央給電ダイポール設計のコンピュータモデリングからは、十分な結果が得られず、以降のデバイス製作を再現することは困難であることが証明された。故に、挿入可能な3軸デバイスを誘導アンテナ設計として選択した。
この実施例では、シミュレートした加熱環境における冷却を調査した。3軸アンテナの第3の導体とほぼ同じ17ゲージのステンレス針を、加熱器のコイルに通した。4つの熱電対を、針の外側および独立気泡フォームによって熱的に隔離されたシステム全体に沿って配置した。この設定は、血流および生物学的組織の高い熱伝導性が、多少のアンテナ冷却を提供する傾向があるので、最悪の場合を考慮したものである。コイルは、0〜50Wで加熱し、温度を記録し、NC−CO2を0〜10stp L/分の流量で動作させた。試験結果は、適度なCO2の流れが、50Wの入力電力全体を冷却するのに十分であり、よって、加熱された管は、周囲温度の状態を維持した(図24)。
この実験では、加熱アンテナ先端から近位側の熱伝導の効果を測定した。改良したアンテナ(熱伝導性銅チューブと置き換えたセラミック放射セグメントを伴う)を、加熱器とアンテナとの間の良好な熱接触を確保するための熱ペーストを伴う、電気加熱器の中に配置した(図25)。熱電対を、アンテナの外面に沿っていくつかの地点に配置して、温度対NC−CO2流量を測定した。
2ガスの入力温度、すなわち、約0℃に降下した(図25)。流量を増加させると、温度がさらに下がった。冷凍アブレーションプローブによって用いられているものに類似する、ニードル軸への「固着」作用の可能性を試験するために、ガスを熱交換器の中でわずかに予冷した。この予冷は、近臨界動作のための31℃という必要以上に低い温度に導き、付加的な実装は、この調査の範囲を超えていた。
この実施例では、アブレーション区域の視覚化を改善する一方で、造影剤の用量を低減するために、新しい再構築手法によるアブレーション通じての、少量のヨード化造影剤の周期的な使用の実現可能性を評価した。ユビキタスで有効な手技中の撮像手法の不足は、熱腫瘍アブレーションの分野に対する決定的な限界である。超音波撮像は、加熱の間に形成される気泡によって不明瞭となり、造影剤増強CTは、典型的に、大量の造影剤の注入による1回の走査に制限される。
Claims (11)
- a)一次管腔を備える、一次カテーテルと、
b)前記一次管腔内に嵌合するように構成され、かつチャネル管腔を備える、チャネルカテーテルであって、編組された材料で構成され、可撓性であり、ヒト被験者の口腔から、前記ヒト被験者の気管を通して、前記ヒト被験者の末梢肺の治療部位まで延在するのに十分な長さである前記チャネルカテーテルと、
c)前記チャネル管腔内に嵌合するように構成され、かつ操縦可能な先端および位置検知要素を備える、操縦可能なナビゲーションカテーテルであって、ヒト被験者の口腔から、前記ヒト被験者の気管を通して、前記ヒト被験者の末梢肺の治療部位まで延在するのに十分な長さである前記ナビゲーションカテーテルと、
d)前記チャネル管腔内に嵌合するように構成される、マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイス(100、800、1400、1600、1700)と、を備え、
前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、前記ヒト被験者の口腔から、前記ヒト被験者の気管を通して、前記ヒト被験者の末梢肺まで延在するのに十分な長さであり、
前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、2mm以下の直径を有し、
前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、可撓性を有し、
前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、内部導体、外部導体、及び、スタイレット先端を有し、
前記内部導体は、遠位端、及び、近位端を有し、
前記外部導体は、遠位端、及び、近位端を有し、
前記スタイレット先端は、前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスの遠位端に付け加えられ、
前記内部導体は、冷却剤を循環するための冷却剤チャネルを有し、
前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、温度センサを有し、
冷却剤が、前記内部導体の前記近位端を介し、前記内部導体の前記冷却剤チャネルを通り、前記内部導体の前記遠位端から出て、前記内部導体の前記遠位端および前記外部導体の前記遠位端間の領域を介して、前記外部導体に形成され、前記外部導体の前記遠位端から前記外部導体の前記近位端まで延びる空間を通り、前記内部導体の前記近位端および前記外部導体の前記近位端間の領域を介して、循環できるように、前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスが形成される、システム。 - 前記一次カテーテルは、気管支鏡を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、マイクロ波アブレーションデバイスを備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記一次カテーテル、前記チャネルカテーテル、前記操縦可能なナビゲーションカテーテル、および前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスのうちの1つ以上を操作するためのハンドルをさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムの構成要素のプロセッサによる動作をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記マイクロ波エネルギー送達デバイスは、前記チャネルカテーテルを通してマイクロ波エネルギーを送達することが可能である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- さらに、組織領域に提供されるマイクロ波エネルギーの量を調節するための、プロセッサによって使用されるソフトウェアを備えている、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記組織領域は末梢肺組織である、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 前記チャネルカテーテルは、強度および可撓性の双方を提供するために、前記編組された材料で構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記一次カテーテル、前記チャネルカテーテルおよび前記ナビゲーションカテーテルは、コンピュータ断層撮影、超音波、磁気共鳴撮像または蛍光透視によって、末梢肺に、マイクロ波エネルギー送達を誘導するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記チャネルカテーテルおよび操縦可能なナビゲーションカテーテルの少なくとも1つは、カテーテルの指示方向の画像を生成するための画像センサを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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CA2800312C (en) | 2021-01-19 |
JP2013525075A (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
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US20180078309A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
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