JP6096171B2 - 高付加価値有機分富化無機肥料 - Google Patents
高付加価値有機分富化無機肥料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6096171B2 JP6096171B2 JP2014502740A JP2014502740A JP6096171B2 JP 6096171 B2 JP6096171 B2 JP 6096171B2 JP 2014502740 A JP2014502740 A JP 2014502740A JP 2014502740 A JP2014502740 A JP 2014502740A JP 6096171 B2 JP6096171 B2 JP 6096171B2
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- biosolids
- pressure
- fertilizer
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- ammonia
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 172
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 164
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 159
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 118
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 78
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
16パーセントの固形分を有する900グラムの原料バイオソリッドに、15グラムの工程用水、38.6グラムの硫酸鉄、および21.8グラムのリン酸を添加した。混合物を約1,250cPの粘度まで充分に混合し(10rpm)、次いで、攪拌型圧力槽内で約54C(130F)まで加熱し、通気して0psig(周囲)の雰囲気圧を維持した。411.4グラムの93パーセント硫酸をこの加熱混合物に添加し、5分間で最大温度に達するようにした。混合物の温度は約104C(220F)まで上昇し、槽を通気して雰囲気圧を0psigに維持した。粘度は、誘導された剪断速度に応じて760cPから3630cPの範囲であった。
23.5パーセントの固形分を有する730グラムの原料バイオソリッドに、56グラムの工程用水、45.9グラムの硫酸鉄、および25.9グラムのリン酸を添加した。混合物を攪拌型圧力槽内で54C(130F)まで加熱し、通気して0psigの雰囲気圧を維持した。490.1グラムの93パーセント硫酸をこの加熱混合物に添加し、5分間で温度および最大圧力に達するようにした。混合物の温度は約116C(241F)まで、および圧力は最大40psigまで上昇した。最大圧力時、165グラムのアンモニアを添加し、このアンモニア添加混合物を5分間で温度および最大圧力に達するようにすると、その後、温度は183C(362F)まで上昇し、圧力は111psigまで上昇した。粘度は、誘導された剪断速度に応じて約518から968cPであった。
6.7のpHおよび24.5パーセントの固形分を有する720グラムのバイオソリッドに、50グラムの工程用水および47.2グラムの硫酸鉄を添加した。混合物を充分に混合し、次いで、攪拌型圧力槽内で約54C(130F)および最大圧力26psigに達するまで加熱した。503.9グラムの93パーセント硫酸をこの加熱加圧混合物に添加した。混合物の温度は114C(238F)まで、および圧力は最大58psigまで上昇した。最大圧力で5分後、170グラムのアンモニアを添加し、このアンモニア添加混合物を5分間で温度および最大圧力に達するようにすると、この時間後、混合物の温度は182C(360F)まで、および圧力は109psigまで上昇した。次いで、この液化混合物を造粒機内に噴霧し、混合物全体を乾燥させた。造粒機内で得られた混合物には、約80重量パーセントのリサイクル肥料顆粒が含有されていた。顆粒を約2から4mmのサイズに分粒し、含有量について試験した。顆粒は、16(N)−2(P)−0(K)−175(S)−1(Fe)−15(Org)を含むものであることがわかった。
6.45のpHおよび23パーセントの固形分を有する720グラムのバイオソリッドに、100グラムの工程用水および146グラムの硫酸鉄を添加した。混合物を充分に混合し、次いで、攪拌型圧力槽内で約54C(130F)および最大圧力23psigに達するまで加熱した。406グラムの93パーセント硫酸をこの加熱加圧混合物に添加した。混合物の温度は111C(232F)まで、および圧力は最大34psigまで上昇した。最大圧力で5分間の後、166グラムのアンモニアを添加し、このアンモニア添加混合物を5分間で温度および最大圧力に達するようにすると、この時間後、混合物の温度は176C(348F)まで、および圧力は106psigまで上昇した。次いで、この液化混合物を造粒機内に噴霧し、混合物全体を乾燥させた。造粒機内で得られた混合物には、約80重量パーセントのリサイクル肥料顆粒が含有されていた。顆粒を約2から4mmのサイズに分粒し、含有量について試験した。顆粒は、16(N)−0(P)−0(K)−175(S)−3(Fe)−15(Org)を含むものであることがわかった。
6.54のpHおよび23パーセントの固形分を有する600グラムのバイオソリッドに、130グラムの工程用水および158.9グラムの硫酸鉄を添加した。混合物を充分に混合し、次いで、攪拌型圧力槽内で約54C(130F)および最大圧力21psigに達するまで加熱した。511.7グラムの93パーセント硫酸をこの加熱加圧混合物に添加した。混合物の温度は118C(244F)まで、および圧力は最大46psigまで上昇した。最大圧力で5分後、183グラムのアンモニアを添加し、このアンモニア添加混合物を5分間で温度および最大圧力に達するようにすると、この時間後、混合物の温度は175C(3347F)まで、および圧力は107psigまで上昇した。この液化混合物を造粒機内に噴霧し、混合物全体を乾燥させた。造粒機内で得られた混合物には、約80重量パーセントのリサイクル肥料顆粒が含有されていた。顆粒を約2から4mmのサイズに分粒し、含有量について試験した。顆粒を解析すると、16(N)−0(P)−2(K)−185(S)−3(Fe)−13(Org)を含むものであることがわかった。
本発明の有機修飾硫酸アンモニウムの窒素放出プロフィールを、対照として従来の純粋な硫酸アンモニウム肥料および純粋バイオソリッドと比較して測定する。まず、硫酸アンモニウムを滅菌した砂全体に実験室環境(周囲温度で、日光、水または土壌生物なし)において適用し、一定期間、砂に透過させる。図5においてわかるように、純粋な硫酸アンモニウム肥料の窒素の約90%が1週間未満以内に砂の中に移動している。次に、窒素浸透を、純粋な硫酸アンモニウム(AS)、純粋バイオソリッド(MILORGANITE)および本発明の有機修飾硫酸アンモニウム(VITAG)間で比較する。図6においてわかるように、ASの窒素の約90%は適用の約1週間以内に砂の中に放出される。これに対し、従来のバイオソリッドの窒素は約35%が放出され、これは2週間を超えて約70%まで増大し、この値で維持された。本発明の有機的増強硫酸アンモニウムでは、最初の1週間以内にこの窒素の約60%が放出され、2週間を超えて約70%まで増大した。
Claims (23)
- 少なくとも10パーセントの固形分を有するバイオソリッド含有有機物質を準備すること、;
臭気防除剤を該有機物質に添加し、混合物にすること;
酸を該混合物に0〜60psigの第1の圧力および66℃から127℃の第1の温度下で第1の期間添加し、液化混合物を形成すること、ここで液化混合物が4,000cP以下の粘度であり;
アンモニアを該液化混合物に第2の圧力および第2の温度下で第2の期間添加すること、ここでアンモニアの添加後、液化混合物が1,000cP以下の粘度であり;ならびに
該液化混合物を加工して肥料を形成すること
を含む、肥料の製造方法。 - バイオソリッドが、都市バイオソリッド、熱乾燥バイオソリッド、製薬発酵廃棄物、有機生成物の微生物による消化物、食料品、食品副産物、動物の糞尿、消化された動物の糞尿、有機バイオソリッド、微生物含有バイオソリッド、およびこの組合せのうちの1種類以上を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 有機物質にさらにプラスチックおよび毛が含まれており、加工前にいずれかの除去が必要とされない、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 有機物質を15から40パーセントの固形分まで脱水または水和する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 臭気防除剤が、鉄酸カルシウム、鉄酸ナトリウム、鉄酸カリウム、硫酸第一鉄七水和物、ローゼン石、緑礬、塩化第二鉄、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸第一鉄一水和物、過酸化水素、オゾン、ならびにこの塩、誘導体および組合せからなる群より選択される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の温度が66℃から127℃であり、ならびに第1の期間が3分間から30分間である、または、
第1の温度が93℃から121℃であり、ならびに第1の期間が5分間から10分間であり、
第2の温度が121℃から199℃であり、第2の期間が1分間から30分間であり、ならびに圧力槽内の圧力が50から200psigに維持される、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 酸がリン酸、硫酸またはこの組合せである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- アンモニアを、液化混合物に添加する前に圧力下で加熱してガスを形成する、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 加工が、混合物を98パーセントより多い固形分まで乾燥することを含み、さらに、加工中に硬化剤を添加することを含み、加工を造粒機で行い、顆粒を形成する、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 各工程を連続過程で行う、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- さらに、加工によって生じる粉塵を収集する防塵システムを含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 所定の含有量の窒素、リン酸分およびカリウムの1種類以上を有する肥料の製造方法であって、
少なくとも10パーセントの固形分を有するバイオソリッド含有有機物質を準備すること、;
臭気防除剤を該有機物質に添加し、混合物にすること;
該混合物を0〜60psigの第1の圧力下で66℃から127℃の第1の温度まで第1の期間加熱すること;
ある量の所定の酸を該加熱混合物に添加し、これにより発熱反応を生じさせ、液化混合物を形成すること、ここで液化混合物が4,000cP以下の粘度であり;
該有機物質の組成により決定される所定量のアンモニアを該液化混合物に第2の圧力下で添加し、該混合物を第2の温度まで第2の期間加熱すること、ここでアンモニアの添加後、液化混合物が1,000cP以下の粘度であり;ならびに
該液化混合物を加工し、所定の含有量の窒素、リン酸分およびカリウムの1種類以上を有する肥料を形成すること
を含む、方法。 - さらに、加工中に1種類以上の植物栄養素および/または1種類以上の硬化剤を添加することを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 肥料の製造のためのシステムであって、
バイオソリッドを臭気防除剤とブレンドする混合機;
該ブレンドバイオソリッドを酸と混合し、ある期間、66℃から127℃の第1の所定温度まで加熱および0〜60psigの第1の所定圧力まで加圧し、液状物を形成する、第1の反応槽または圧力槽、ここで液化混合物が4,000cP以下の粘度であり;
該液状物をアンモニア供給源からのアンモニアと混合し、第2の期間、第2の所定温度まで加熱および第2の所定圧力まで加圧する第2の反応槽または圧力槽、ここでアンモニアの添加後、液化混合物が1,000cP以下の粘度であり;ならびに
該アンモニア添加された液状物を予備形成顆粒と混合し、加熱し、肥料の乾燥顆粒を形成する造粒機、
を備えている、システム。 - アンモニア供給源が圧力下の液化またはガス状のアンモニアである、請求項14に記載のシステム。
- さらに、肥料顆粒を分粒するためのスクリーニング過程、ならびに貯蔵前に温度を下げるためおよび粉塵を防除するための1つ以上の冷却およびコーティング装置を備えている、請求項14または15に記載のシステム。
- さらに、
バイオソリッドを混合機に輸送するためのコンベアおよびブレンドバイオソリッドを第1の反応槽または圧力槽に輸送するための別のコンベア;
酸性化されたバイオソリッドを第1の反応槽または圧力槽から第2の反応槽または圧力槽に、アンモニアを第2の反応槽または圧力槽内に輸送し;ならびにアンモニア添加された液状物を造粒機に分散させる加圧配管系
を備えており、
さらに、所定サイズの顆粒を選別するための1つ以上のスクリーン、ならびに分粒された顆粒を冷却および研磨するための回転式冷却器を備えており、
さらに、造粒機からの粉塵を収集してリサイクルさせる防塵装置を備えている、請求項14から16のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。 - さらに水回収システムを備えており、これにより、加工中にバイオソリッドから抽出された水が回収されてリサイクルされる、請求項14から17のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 製品の製造方法であって、
少なくとも10パーセントの固形分を有する有機物質を準備すること、;
酸を該有機物質に0〜60psigの第1の圧力および66℃から127℃の第1の温度下で第1の期間添加し、液化混合物を形成すること、ここで液化混合物が4,000cP以下の粘度であり;
アンモニアを該液化混合物に第2の圧力および第2の温度下で第2の期間添加すること、ここでアンモニアの添加後、液化混合物が1,000cP以下の粘度であり;ならびに
該液化混合物を加工し、製品を形成すること
を含み、
製品が肥料である、方法。 - 有機物質が植物、真菌、藻類または細菌系物質である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 有機物質中に存在する毒性物質を加水分解するか、または無毒性もしくは不活化状態にする、請求項19または20に記載の方法。
- 第1圧力が20から60psigであり、第1の温度が66℃から127℃であり、第1期間が3分間から30分間であり、
第2の圧力が50から200psigであり、第2の温度が121℃から199℃であり、第2期間が1分間から30分間である、請求項19から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 肥料が適用の2週間以内に40から60%の窒素を、および残りの窒素のほとんどを3から6ヶ月の期間にわたって土壌中に放出する、請求項19から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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- 2012-03-28 CA CA2848071A patent/CA2848071C/en active Active
- 2012-03-28 AU AU2012236575A patent/AU2012236575A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2012-03-28 US US13/432,709 patent/US8992654B2/en active Active
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- 2012-03-28 CN CN201280025890.0A patent/CN104245631A/zh active Pending
- 2012-03-28 JP JP2014502740A patent/JP6096171B2/ja active Active
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US8992654B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
BR112013025243A2 (pt) | 2016-12-27 |
AU2012236575A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
EP2691355A2 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
RU2013145625A (ru) | 2015-05-10 |
ES2894369T3 (es) | 2022-02-14 |
EP2691355A4 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
JP2014518828A (ja) | 2014-08-07 |
MX2013011195A (es) | 2014-06-11 |
CA2848071C (en) | 2017-04-25 |
DK2691355T3 (da) | 2021-10-25 |
WO2012135317A3 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
WO2012135317A2 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
EP2691355B1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
PE20141991A1 (es) | 2014-12-18 |
US20120247164A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
US20170232419A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
JP2017052696A (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
HUE056656T2 (hu) | 2022-03-28 |
CL2013002797A1 (es) | 2014-07-25 |
CN104245631A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
BR112013025243B1 (pt) | 2021-07-06 |
MX356057B (es) | 2018-05-10 |
US20150191399A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
PL2691355T3 (pl) | 2021-12-27 |
CA2848071A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
CO6821919A2 (es) | 2013-12-31 |
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