JP6087368B2 - 関節器具に好適な姿勢を取らせるような命令をするように入力装置のオペレータを促す、入力装置での力フィードバックの適用 - Google Patents
関節器具に好適な姿勢を取らせるような命令をするように入力装置のオペレータを促す、入力装置での力フィードバックの適用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2010年2月12日に出願された”Medical Robotic System Providing Sensory Feedback Indicating a Difference Between a Commanded State and a Preferred Pose of an Articulated Instrument”という表題の米国特許出願第12/704,669号の一部継続出願であり、この文献は参照することにより本願に組み込まれる。
Claims (28)
- 関節器具に好適な姿勢を取らせるような命令をするように入力装置のオペレータ操作を促す方法であって、当該方法は:
前記入力装置のオペレータ操作に応答して、前記関節器具に命令された姿勢を取らせるステップと;
前記関節器具について第1の固定した好適な姿勢の情報を受け取るステップであって、第1の固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の現在の動作モードのうちの少なくとも1つによって予め規定されている、受け取るステップと、
第1の固定した好適な姿勢及び第1の固定した好適な姿勢の動的に変化したバージョンのうちの1つを使用することにより第1の好適な姿勢を生成するステップであって、第1の固定した好適な姿勢の前記動的に変化したバージョンは、作業部位に配置された1つ又は複数の他の関節器具の情報に従って第1の固定した好適な姿勢を自動的に変化させることによって生成される、生成するステップと、
第1の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差が増大する際に、前記入力装置の複数の自由度が増大するように第1力命令を生成するステップと;
移行期間に亘って大きさが増大する第1起動信号に従った適用を段階的に入力することによって、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第1力命令を適用するステップと;を含む、
方法。 - 拘束として仮想障壁を適用することにより修正後の命令された姿勢を生成するステップをさらに含み、該生成するステップは、前記仮想障壁に最近接するが該仮想障壁に衝突しないような前記関節器具の少なくとも一部が、第1の好適な姿勢に一致するまで、前記関節器具が第1方向の前記仮想障壁を越えて移動するような命令を受けることを防止する、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記命令された姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢との間の差を決定し、第1方向に沿って前記差を投影することにより投影された差を生成し、該投影された差が閾値よりも大きい場合に、現在の変調係数を第1の値に設定し、前記投影された差が閾値以下である場合に、現在の変調係数を第2の値に設定することによって、前記投影された差を2進コード化する、ことにより変調係数のストリームを生成するステップをさらに含む、
請求項2に記載の方法。 - 第1力命令を生成するステップは:
第1の好適な姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢とを比較して、直交座標位置及び速度誤差を生成するステップと;
第1方向に沿った且つ前記関節器具の旋回可能な先端部の軸線の周りの成分を除去することによって、前記直交座標位置及び前記速度誤差を修正するステップと;
該修正後の直交座標位置及び速度誤差を用いて、6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を生成するステップと;
前記変調係数のストリームをローパスフィルタに通過させることによって、第1起動信号を生成するステップと;
前記6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を第1起動信号で振幅変調するステップと;を含む、
請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を生成するステップは:
前記修正後の直交座標位置誤差を位置ゲインにより増幅して第1結果を生成するとともに、第1結果を飽和限界位置に制限して第2結果を生成するステップと;
前記修正後の直交座標速度誤差を速度ゲインによって増幅して第3結果を生成するステップと;
第2結果から第3結果を差し引くことにより、6自由度の粘弾性の一時的な力命令を生成するステップと;
前記6自由度の粘弾性の一時的な力命令を力飽和限界に制限することにより、6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を生成するステップと;を含む、
請求項4に記載の方法。 - 第2の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差の指標となるように、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令を生成するステップと;
前記移行期間に亘って大きさが減少する第2起動信号に従った適用を段階的に停止することによって、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令を適用するステップと;をさらに含む、
請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記命令された姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢との間の差を決定し、第1方向に沿って前記差を投影することにより投影された差を生成し、投影された差が前記閾値よりも大きい場合に、現在の変調係数を第2の値に設定し、投影された差が前記閾値以下である場合に、現在の変調係数を第1の値に設定することによって、投影された差を2進コード化する、ことにより変調係数の第2のストリームを生成するステップをさらに含む、
請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記関節器具の第2の好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具が、医療処置が行われている最中に使用されているが、前記関節器具が付勢されている姿勢である、
請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記関節器具は、カメラ機器であり、第2の好適な姿勢は、他の器具の作業端部が、医療処置が行われている最中に前記カメラ機器の視野内にあるような姿勢である、
請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記関節器具の第1の好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具が伸長可能であるような進入ガイド内に後退可能である、姿勢である、
請求項9に記載の方法。 - 複数の第1の固定した好適な姿勢の状態ベクトル値の加重平均を使用することにより第1の好適な姿勢を生成するステップをさらに含み、各固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の現在の動作モードのうちの少なくとも1つによって予め規定されている、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 第2の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差が増大する際に、前記入力装置の複数の自由度が増大するように第2力命令を生成するステップと;
前記移行期間に亘って大きさが減少する第2起動信号に従った適用を段階的に停止することによって、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令を適用するステップと;をさらに含む、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 複数の第2の固定した好適な姿勢の状態ベクトル値の加重平均を使用することにより第2の好適な姿勢を生成するステップをさらに含み、各固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の以前の動作モードによって予め規定されている、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 第1起動信号及び第2起動信号は相補的な信号であり、第2起動信号が段階的に停止されるときに、第1起動信号が段階的に入力される、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - ロボットシステムであって、当該システムは:
入力装置と;
不揮発性メモリと;
関節器具と;
1つ又は複数の他の関節器具と;
プロセッサと;を備えており、
該プロセッサは、
前記不揮発性メモリから前記関節器具についての第1の固定した好適な姿勢の情報を受信することであって、第1の固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の現在の動作モードのうちの少なくとも1つによって予め規定されている、受信すること、
第1の固定した好適な姿勢及び第1の固定した好適な姿勢の動的に変化したバージョンのうちの1つを使用することにより第1の好適な姿勢を生成することであって、第1の固定した好適な姿勢の前記動的に変化したバージョンは、前記1つ又は複数の他の関節器具の情報に従って第1の固定した好適な姿勢を自動的に変化させることによって生成される、生成すること、
前記入力装置のオペレータ操作に応答して、前記関節器具に命令された姿勢を取らせること、
第1の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差が増大する際に、前記入力装置の複数の自由度が増大するように第1力命令を生成すること、
移行期間に亘って大きさが増大する第1起動信号に従った適用を段階的に入力するように、前記入力装置の複数の自由度に第1力命令の適用を命令すること、を行うように構成される、
システム。 - 前記プロセッサは、拘束として仮想障壁を適用することにより修正後の命令された姿勢を生成するように構成されており、その修正は、前記仮想障壁に最近接するが該仮想障壁に衝突しないような前記関節器具の少なくとも一部が、第1の好適な姿勢に一致するまで、前記関節器具が第1方向の前記仮想障壁を越えて移動するような命令を受けることを防止する、
請求項15に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記命令された姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢と間の差を決定し、第1方向に沿って前記差を投影することにより投影された差を生成し、該投影された差が閾値より大きい場合に、現在の変調係数を第1の値に設定し、前記投影された差が前記閾値以下である場合に、現在の変調係数を第2の値に設定することによって、前記投影された差を2進コード化する、ことにより変調係数のストリームを生成するように構成されている、
請求項16に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、第1の好適な姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢とを比較して、直交座標位置及び速度誤差を生成し、第1方向に沿った且つ前記関節器具の旋回可能な先端部の軸線周りの成分を除去することによって、前記直交座標位置及び前記速度誤差を修正し、該修正後の直交座標位置及び速度誤差を用いて、6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を発生させ、前記変調係数のストリームをローパスフィルタに通過させることによって、第1起動信号を生成し、前記6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を第1起動信号で振幅変調する、ことにより第1力命令を生成するように構成されている、
請求項17に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記修正後の直交座標位置誤差を位置ゲインにより増幅して第1結果を生成するとともに、第1結果を飽和限界位置に制限して第2結果を生成し、前記修正後の直交座標速度誤差を速度ゲインによって増幅して第3結果を生成し、第2結果から第3結果を差し引くことにより、6自由度の粘弾性の一時的な力命令を生成し、前記6自由度の粘弾性の一時的な力命令を力飽和限界に制限することにより、6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を生成する、ことによって6自由度の粘弾性の力命令を発生させるように構成されている、
請求項18に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、第2の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差の指標となるように、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令を生成し、
前記移行期間に亘って大きさが減少する第2起動信号に従った適用を段階的に停止することによって、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令を適用する、ように構成されている、
請求項19に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記命令された姿勢と前記修正後の命令された姿勢との間の差を決定し、第1方向に沿って前記差を投影することにより投影された差を生成し、該投影された差が前記閾値よりも大きい場合に、現在の変調係数を第2の値に設定し、前記投影された差が前記閾値以下である場合に、現在の変調係数を第1の値に設定することによって、投影された差を2進コード化する、ことにより変調係数の第2のストリームを生成するように構成されている、
請求項20に記載のシステム。 - 前記関節器具の第2の好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具が、医療処置が行われている最中に使用されているが、前記関節器具が付勢されている姿勢である、
請求項20に記載のシステム。 - 前記関節器具は、カメラ機器であり、第2の好適な姿勢は、他の器具の作業端部が、医療処置が行われている最中に前記カメラ機器の視野内にあるような姿勢である、
請求項22に記載のシステム。 - 前記関節器具が伸長可能であるような進入ガイドをさらに有しており、
前記関節器具の第1の好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具が前記進入ガイドに後退可能な姿勢である、
請求項23に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、複数の第1の固定した好適な姿勢の状態ベクトル値の加重平均を使用することにより第1の好適な姿勢を生成するように構成されており、各固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の現在の動作モードのうちの少なくとも1つによって決定される、
請求項15に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、第2の好適な姿勢と前記命令された姿勢との間の差が増大する際に、前記入力装置の複数の自由度が増大するように第2力命令を生成し、
前記移行期間に亘って大きさが減少する第2起動信号に従った適用を段階的に停止するように、前記入力装置の複数の自由度について第2力命令の適用を命令する、ように構成されている、
請求項15に記載のシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、複数の第2の固定した好適な姿勢の状態ベクトル値の加重平均を使用することにより第2の好適な姿勢を生成するように構成されており、各固定した好適な姿勢は、前記関節器具の器具タイプ及び前記関節器具の以前の動作モードによって予め規定されている、
請求項26に記載のシステム。 - 第1起動信号及び第2起動信号は相補的な信号であり、第2起動信号が段階的に停止されるときに、第1起動信号が段階的に入力される、
請求項26に記載のシステム。
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