JP6077114B2 - 還元剤供給装置及び排気浄化システム - Google Patents
還元剤供給装置及び排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 165
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/11—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance or part of the dosing system being cooled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
- F01P2060/16—Outlet manifold
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Description
内燃機関の排気ガス中のNOxを浄化するSCR触媒に還元剤としての尿素水溶液を供給するために、前記尿素水溶液を貯蔵タンクから還元剤噴射弁へ供給することにより前記排気ガス中に噴射すると共に前記内燃機関を停止する際には供給経路内の前記尿素水溶液を前記貯蔵タンクへ回収する還元剤供給装置において、
前記還元剤噴射弁を冷却するための冷却媒体循環装置を備え、
前記冷却媒体循環装置の冷却媒体循環通路の流入側接続部及び流出側接続部が、使用のために配置及び固定されたときの前記還元剤噴射弁の鉛直方向における上方側に配設されていることを特徴とし、当該構成を備えることにより、上記課題を解決することができる。
内燃機関の排気ガス中の排気微粒子を捕集するディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタと、還元剤としての尿素水溶液を貯蔵タンクから還元剤噴射弁へ供給することにより前記排気ガス中に噴射して供給すると共に前記内燃機関を停止する際には供給経路内の前記尿素水溶液を前記貯蔵タンクへ回収する還元剤供給装置と、前記尿素水溶液を用いて前記排気ガス中のNOxを浄化するSCR触媒と、を排気上流側から順次に備えた排気浄化システムにおいて、
前記還元剤供給装置は、前記還元剤噴射弁を冷却するための冷却媒体循環装置を備え、
前記冷却媒体循環装置の冷却媒体循環通路の流入側接続部及び流出側接続部が、使用のために配置及び固定されたときの前記還元剤噴射弁の鉛直方向における上方側に配設されていることを特徴とし、当該構成を備えることにより、上記課題を解決することができる。
(1)排気浄化システムの全体構成
図1は、本発明の実施の一形態に係る還元剤供給装置40を備える排気浄化システム10の全体構成図である。
(2)排気浄化ユニット
排気浄化ユニット20は、酸化触媒21と、DPF22と、SCR触媒24とを排気上流側から順次に備えている。
(3)強制再生手段
本実施形態の排気浄化システム10は、DPF22の強制再生制御を行うための強制再生手段を備える。DPF22を500℃乃至600℃程度に昇温させ、DPF22に堆積したPMを強制的に燃焼させる強制再生を行うためである。
(4)制御装置
制御装置60は、イグニッションスイッチ57の信号や各圧力センサや各温度センサをはじめとして、機関回転数Neを検出する回転数センサ、車両の車速Vを検出する車速センサ、アクセルペダルの操作量Accを検出するアクセルセンサ、ブレーキペダルの操作量Brkを検出するブレーキセンサ等の各種センサ信号が読込み可能に構成されている。また、制御装置60には、各部での演算結果や検出結果を記憶するための図示しないRAM(Random Access Memory)が備えられている。
(5)還元剤供給装置
還元剤供給装置40は、尿素水溶液を貯蔵する貯蔵タンク41と、圧送ポンプ42と、還元剤噴射弁43とを主たる構成要素として備えている。
Claims (2)
- 内燃機関の排気ガス中のNOXを浄化するSCR触媒に還元剤としての尿素水溶液を供給するために、前記尿素水溶液を貯蔵タンクから還元剤噴射弁へ供給することにより前記排気ガス中に噴射すると共に前記内燃機関を停止する際には供給経路内の前記尿素水溶液を前記貯蔵タンクへ回収する還元剤供給装置において、
前記還元剤噴射弁のハウジングに設けられて前記内燃機関の冷却水通路から分岐した冷却水循環通路を介して前記内燃機関の冷却水通路に接続された冷却水通路、及び、前記冷却水循環通路を流れる冷却水の流量を調節する冷却水流量制御弁、を有し、前記内燃機関の冷却水を前記還元剤噴射弁の冷却水通路に循環させて前記還元剤噴射弁を冷却するための冷却媒体循環装置を備え、
前記冷却媒体循環装置の冷却媒体循環通路の流入側接続部及び流出側接続部が、使用のために配置及び固定されたときの前記還元剤噴射弁の鉛直方向における上方側に配設されていることを特徴とする還元剤供給装置。 - 内燃機関の排気ガス中の排気微粒子を捕集するディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタと、還元剤としての尿素水溶液を貯蔵タンクから還元剤噴射弁へ供給することにより前記排気ガス中に噴射して供給すると共に前記内燃機関を停止する際には供給経路内の前記尿素水溶液を前記貯蔵タンクへ回収する還元剤供給装置と、前記尿素水溶液を用いて前記排気ガス中のNOXを浄化するSCR触媒と、を排気上流側から順次に備えた排気浄化システムにおいて、
前記還元剤供給装置は、前記還元剤噴射弁のハウジングに設けられて前記内燃機関の冷却水通路から分岐した冷却水循環通路を介して前記内燃機関の冷却水通路に接続された冷却水通路、及び、前記冷却水循環通路を流れる冷却水の流量を調節する冷却水流量制御弁、を有し、前記内燃機関の冷却水を前記還元剤噴射弁の冷却水通路に循環させて前記還元剤噴射弁を冷却するための冷却媒体循環装置を備え、
前記冷却媒体循環装置の冷却媒体循環通路の流入側接続部及び流出側接続部が、使用のために配置及び固定されたときの前記還元剤噴射弁の鉛直方向における上方側に配設されていることを特徴とする排気浄化システム。
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JP2013117534 | 2013-06-04 | ||
JP2013117534 | 2013-06-04 | ||
PCT/JP2014/063196 WO2014196346A1 (ja) | 2013-06-04 | 2014-05-19 | 還元剤供給装置及び排気浄化システム |
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JP6077114B2 true JP6077114B2 (ja) | 2017-02-08 |
JPWO2014196346A1 JPWO2014196346A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
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