JP6071122B2 - 中空成形体の製造方法、中空成形体および製造装置 - Google Patents
中空成形体の製造方法、中空成形体および製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/65—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool
- B29C66/652—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool moving the welding tool around the fixed article
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
- B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
- B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
- B29C65/7805—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30322—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of rugosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3481—Housings or casings incorporating or embedding electric or electronic elements
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Description
以下、順に説明する。
図1は、本実施形態の製造方法で製造される中空成形体の一例を示す模式図であり、図1(a)は分解斜視図、図1(b)は概略断面図である。図1(a)(b)に示すように、中空成形体1は、射出成形などの公知の方法で成形された容器2と蓋3とを有している。本実施形態の中空成形体1において、容器2と蓋3とは、レーザー溶着法を用いて接合されるものである。
本実施形態の中空成形体の形成材料として使用可能な液晶ポリエステルは、溶融状態で液晶性を示す液晶ポリエステルであり、450℃以下の温度で溶融するものであることが好ましい。なお、液晶ポリエステルは、液晶ポリエステルアミドであってもよいし、液晶ポリエステルエーテルであってもよいし、液晶ポリエステルカーボネートであってもよいし、液晶ポリエステルイミドであってもよい。液晶ポリエステルは、原料モノマーとして芳香族化合物のみを用いてなる全芳香族液晶ポリエステルであることが好ましい。
(I)芳香族ヒドロキシカルボン酸と、芳香族ジカルボン酸と、芳香族ジオール、芳香族ヒドロキシアミン及び芳香族ジアミンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物と、を重合(重縮合)させてなるもの
(II)複数種の芳香族ヒドロキシカルボン酸を重合させてなるもの
(III)芳香族ジカルボン酸と、芳香族ジオール、芳香族ヒドロキシアミン及び芳香族ジアミンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物と、を重合させてなるもの
(IV)ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステルと、芳香族ヒドロキシカルボン酸と、を重合させてなるもの
が挙げられる。ここで、芳香族ヒドロキシカルボン酸、芳香族ジカルボン酸、芳香族ジオール、芳香族ヒドロキシアミン及び芳香族ジアミンは、それぞれ独立に、その一部又は全部に代えて、その重合可能な誘導体が用いられてもよい。
芳香族ヒドロキシカルボン酸、芳香族ジオール及び芳香族ヒドロキシアミンのようなヒドロキシ基を有する化合物の重合可能な誘導体の例としては、ヒドロキシ基をアシル化してアシルオキシル基に変換してなるもの(アシル化物)が挙げられる。
芳香族ヒドロキシアミン及び芳香族ジアミンのようなアミノ基を有する化合物の重合可能な誘導体の例としては、アミノ基をアシル化してアシルアミノ基に変換してなるもの(アシル化物)が挙げられる。
(2)−CO−Ar2−CO−
(3)−X−Ar3−Y−
(式中、Ar1は、フェニレン基、ナフチレン基又はビフェニリレン基であり;Ar2及びAr3は、それぞれ独立にフェニレン基、ナフチレン基、ビフェニリレン基又は下記一般式(4)で表される基であり;X及びYは、それぞれ独立に酸素原子又はイミノ基であり;前記Ar1、Ar2及びAr3中の一つ以上の水素原子は、それぞれ独立にハロゲン原子、アルキル基又はアリール基で置換されていてもよい。)
(4)−Ar4−Z−Ar5−
(式中、Ar4及びAr5は、それぞれ独立にフェニレン基又はナフチレン基であり;Zは、酸素原子、硫黄原子、カルボニル基、スルホニル基又はアルキリデン基である。)
本実施形態の中空成形体は、以上のような構成となっている。
図2は、本実施形態の製造装置を説明する模式図である。
図に示す製造装置100Aは、レーザー溶着すべき容器(対象物)2および蓋(対象物)3を載置する載置台101と、容器2および蓋3を載置台101との間で挟持するヒートシンク(放熱部材、レーザー光透過部)102と、開口部103aを有しヒートシンク102を抑える枠体(支持体)103と、を備えている。ヒートシンク102と枠体103は、本発明における対向部材に該当する。枠体103の開口部103aには、光透過性材料で形成された透明部材が嵌合していてもよい。
また、壁材107は、載置台101とヒートシンク102との離間距離が広がることにより、ヒートシンク102と離間し、壁材107の上方の開口部から、レーザー溶着の対象物である容器2および蓋3を出し入れすることが可能となる。
壁材107の高さを、基準高さよりも高く設定している場合、壁材107が載置台101とヒートシンク102との間に挟持される圧力で壁材107が変形して載置台101およびヒートシンク102に密着する。その結果、密閉された作業空間を形成しやすい。
また、容器2および蓋3が、載置台101とヒートシンク102との間に挟持される圧力で変形することにより、載置台101とヒートシンク102との間の隙間が基準高さ以下となる場合には、壁材107の高さを基準高さよりも低く設定することも可能である。この場合には、載置台101とヒートシンク102との圧力がまず容器2および蓋3に加わるため、容器2および蓋3を強固に密着させやすい。
まず、図3(a)に示すように、必要に応じて容器2の収容空間Sに半導体素子などを収容した後、容器2および蓋3を重ね合わせ、載置台101に載置する。
本実施形態の中空成形体の製造方法は、以上のような構成となっている。
なお、図3(b)に示した状態において、容器2および蓋3の接触部分に、容器2の収容空間Sの内部から脱気できるほどの隙間が形成されていない場合、図4に示すような製造装置100Bを用いるとよい。図4は、製造装置100Bを用いたレーザー溶着の工程図であり、図3に対応する図である。
着色剤を含有する液晶ポリエステル(住友化学製、スミカスーパーLCP E6808THF BZ、流動開始温度306℃、分解開始温度499℃)を射出成形して容器を成形し、着色剤を含有しない液晶ポリエステル(住友化学製、スミカスーパーLCP E6808THF Z、流動開始温度306℃、分解開始温度499℃)を射出成形して蓋を成形した。容器と蓋との形状は図1に示すものと同様のものである。
その後、容器および蓋を冷却し中空成形体を得た。中空成形体は合計10個作製した。
また、バブルリークテストを合格した中空成形体について、以下のリフローテストで、加熱後の気密性の変化を確認した。
125℃に加温したフロリナート中に、中空成形体を浸漬させ、1分間の間に気泡の発生の有無を確認し、気泡の発生がなければ合格とした。合格数が0〜3のものは「×」、合格数が4〜6のものは「△」、合格数が7〜10のものは「○」と評価し、「×」のものを不合格と評価した。
窒素雰囲気下、中空成形体を室温(23℃)から280℃まで200秒で昇温した後、280℃で10秒間保持し、さらに50℃まで330秒で降温した。その後、上記バブルリークテストを再度行った。
レーザー溶着を50KPaに減圧した環境下で行ったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして中空成形体を作製し、気密性の評価を行った。
レーザー溶着を常圧(101.3KPa)で行ったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして中空成形体を作製し、気密性の評価を行った。
Claims (6)
- 熱可塑性樹脂を含む形成材料を成形してなる容器と、光透過性材料を成形してなる蓋とを載置した作業空間を減圧すると共に、前記容器の側壁と底部とで囲まれた収容空間を減圧した状態で、前記側壁の頂部と前記蓋との接触部をレーザー溶着し、前記収容空間を減圧した状態で封止する工程を有し、
前記熱可塑性樹脂が液晶ポリエステルであり、
前記光透過性材料が液晶ポリエステルを含む形成材料であり、
前記レーザー溶着の際、前記作業空間と前記収容空間とは同じ圧力に減圧されており、
前記圧力は、50kPa以下である中空成形体の製造方法。 - 前記容器を前記蓋で閉じた後、前記作業空間を減圧することにより前記収容空間を減圧した上で、レーザー溶着を行う請求項1に記載の中空成形体の製造方法。
- 予め減圧した前記作業空間で前記容器を前記蓋で密閉した後、レーザー溶着を行う請求項1に記載の中空成形体の製造方法。
- レーザー溶着を行う対象物を載置する載置台と、
前記対象物にレーザー光を照射するレーザー光源と、
前記載置台に面し、前記載置台との離間距離を相対的に変更可能な対向部材と、
弾性材料を含む形成材料を閉環状に成形してなり、前記載置台と前記対向部材との間において、前記載置台の前記対象物を載置する領域の周囲を囲む壁材と、を有し、
前記対向部材は、少なくとも前記壁材の開口部と平面的に重なって前記レーザー光を透過させるレーザー光透過部が設けられ、
前記載置台と前記対向部材とは、前記離間距離が狭まることにより、前記壁材を挟持し前記載置台と前記対向部材と前記壁材とで囲まれ密閉された作業空間を形成し、かつ前記離間距離が広がることにより、前記載置台または前記対向部材と前記壁材との間が離間し、
前記載置台、前記対向部材または前記壁材には、前記作業空間に接続された貫通孔が設けられ、前記貫通孔を介して前記作業空間を減圧する減圧装置をさらに有する製造装置。 - 前記対向部材は、光透過性材料からなり前記レーザー光透過部に設けられる放熱部材と、前記放熱部材を支持する支持体とを有する請求項4に記載の製造装置。
- 前記対向部材は、前記載置台と対向する面に、前記対象物を保持する治具を有する請求項4または5に記載の製造装置。
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