JP6062936B2 - アルカリ金属を使用する石油原料の改質 - Google Patents
アルカリ金属を使用する石油原料の改質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6062936B2 JP6062936B2 JP2014520410A JP2014520410A JP6062936B2 JP 6062936 B2 JP6062936 B2 JP 6062936B2 JP 2014520410 A JP2014520410 A JP 2014520410A JP 2014520410 A JP2014520410 A JP 2014520410A JP 6062936 B2 JP6062936 B2 JP 6062936B2
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- petroleum
- hydrogen
- alkali metal
- sulfur
- reaction
- Prior art date
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 37
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 56
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 46
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 43
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- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001991 steam methane reforming Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYROHWFGZADBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[4-amino-5-(5-iodo-4-methoxy-2-propan-2-ylphenoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound C1=C(I)C(OC)=CC(C(C)C)=C1OC1=CN=C(NC(CO)CO)N=C1N PAYROHWFGZADBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrosulfide Chemical compound [SH-] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000573 alkali metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfane Chemical group C.S YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/04—Metals, or metals deposited on a carrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G50/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of alkali or alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1025—Natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
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- C10G2300/205—Metal content
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/207—Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/308—Gravity, density, e.g. API
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
しかしながら、他の実施態様において、アルカリ金属108の粉末または他の固体量を反応器104に吹き込んだり導入したりして他の化学物質と反応させてるように設計されていてもよい。
Na3N+3H2S→3NaHS+NH3
2Na+2H2S→2NaHS(375℃において液体)+H2
C4H4S+4H2→H2S+C4H10(ブタン)
C4H4S+2Na+H2→Na2S+C4H8
ガス導入インペラ(羽根)を有するParr 500cm3オートクレーブ中で、水素またはメタンの何れかのガスで覆いながら、蒸留精練されたヨルダンオイルシェール(Jordanian oil shale)から製造された約180gの石油を約300℃に加熱して、いくつかの実験室的実験を行った。それぞれの稼働において、ナトリウムの量を種々変更させて添加した。ナトリウム添加後、温度を380℃に上昇させ、圧力を約1500psig(ポンド/インチゲージ2)に上昇させた。ナトリウム添加して二時間後、オートクレーブを冷却した。測定、分析されるガス及び液部が固体部から分離され化学組成およびAPI比重の分析が行われた。
天然ガス製法で希釈された、約180gのカナダのアルバータ州のアサバスカ山で採掘されたビチューメンを実施例1と同様の方法で加工し、種々の実験テストが行われた。
約180gの蒸留精練されたユインタ盆地(Uinta Basin)のシェールオイル(ユタ州、米国)を実施例1と同様の加工を行い、いくつかの実験室的実験を行った。
石油原料は、ユインタ盆地(Uinta Basin、ユタ州東部、米国)から誘導された(抽出された)ものを使用した。この石油原料は、硫黄および窒素を含むシェール油から成る。この石油原料は、原料中に認められる固体物質を遠心分離除去してある。遠心分離された石油原料は以下の組成を有していた。
Claims (7)
- 所定量の石油原料を得る工程と、所定量の石油原料とアルカリ金属およびラジカルキャッピング剤とを反応させる工程と、炭化水素相から無機物質を分離する工程とから成る石油原料の改質方法であって、石油原料が炭素および水素を含有する成分から成り、更に、石油原料が金属、硫黄および窒素の1つ以上を含有し、アルカリ金属は上記金属、硫黄または窒素と反応して1つ以上の無機物質を形成し、ラジカルキャッピング剤はアルカリ金属と反応してラジカル中間体を形成し、さらにこのラジカル中間体が炭素および水素を含有する成分と反応して炭化水素相を形成し、ラジカルキャッピング剤が、アンモニア、1級、2級または3級アミン類、チオール類、メルカプタン類および硫化水素の1つ以上から成ることを特徴とする石油原料の改質方法。
- 石油原料が、石油、重油、超重質油、ビチューメン、シェールオイル、天然ガス、石油ガス、メタン、メチルメルカプタン、硫化水素、真空軽油などの石油精製留分、流動接触分解装置(FCC)供給物、ジメチルジスルフィド及びこれらに近い留分(ジーゼル等の)の1つ以上から成る請求項1に記載の方法。
- 所定量の石油原料とアルカリ金属およびラジカルキャッピング剤との反応が、98〜500℃の温度で行われる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 所定量の石油原料とアルカリ金属およびラジカルキャッピング剤との反応が、500〜3000psiの圧力で行われる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に、上記無機物質からアルカリ金属を電気化学的に再生する工程を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 硫化水素(H 2 S)又はアンモニア(NH 3 )がラジカルキャッピング剤の一部として使用され、所定量の石油原料とアルカリ金属およびラジカルキャッピング剤との反応が、その場で水素形成する請求項1に記載の方法。
- ラジカルキャッピング剤が、所定量のH2Sを含む天然ガスから成る請求項6に記載の方法。
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US201161508415P | 2011-07-15 | 2011-07-15 | |
US61/508,415 | 2011-07-15 | ||
PCT/US2012/046939 WO2013012810A2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-16 | Upgrading platform using alkali metals |
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JP2014522901A JP2014522901A (ja) | 2014-09-08 |
JP6062936B2 true JP6062936B2 (ja) | 2017-01-18 |
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JP2014520410A Active JP6062936B2 (ja) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-16 | アルカリ金属を使用する石油原料の改質 |
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US (1) | US8828221B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2732010B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6062936B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101920524B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2840133C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2692320T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013012810A2 (ja) |
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US20130043160A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
US8828221B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
CA2840133A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
EP2732010B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
JP2014522901A (ja) | 2014-09-08 |
WO2013012810A3 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
EP2732010A2 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
KR101920524B1 (ko) | 2018-11-20 |
ES2692320T3 (es) | 2018-12-03 |
WO2013012810A2 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
CA2840133C (en) | 2018-08-14 |
EP2732010A4 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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