JP5961233B2 - 車両の制御装置及び車両 - Google Patents
車両の制御装置及び車両 Download PDFInfo
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Description
まず、本発明の一実施形態にかかる電動車両のシステムの全体構成の一例について説明する。図1は、本実施形態にかかる電動車両のシステム1の構成例を示す模式図である。図1において、実線が動力を示し、点線が電力を示し、破線が電気信号を示す。
駆動系を構成する駆動モータ30は、直流電力を交流電力に変換するインバータ20を介して二次電池40に接続されている。駆動モータ30は、インバータ20から供給される電流により発生する電磁力と、駆動モータ30内に設けられたマグネットの磁力とによって、駆動軸50に付与する駆動力を発生させる。また、駆動モータ30は、減速時に熱エネルギとして捨てられる減速エネルギを電力に変換して二次電池40に充電する回生機能を有していてもよい。
発電系を構成する発電装置14は、エンジン12の駆動力を利用して発電を行う装置として構成されている。かかる発電装置14は、駆動モータ30と同様に、三相交流式のモータとして構成されている。発電装置14は、交流電力を直流電力に変換するインバータ16を介して、駆動系を構成するインバータ20及び二次電池40に接続されている。発電された電力は、インバータ16,20を介して駆動モータ30に対して供給されるとともに、一部の余剰の電力が二次電池40に充電される。インバータ16は、昇圧コンバータ付のインバータとして構成されてもよい。
本実施形態にかかるシステム1の電子制御系は、走行制御装置100及びエンジン制御装置60により構成されている。なお、走行制御装置及びエンジン制御装置が一体となった一つの制御装置により電子制御系が構成されてもよく、あるいは、走行制御装置がさらに複数の制御装置に分けられて構成されてもよい。
エンジン制御装置60は、例えば、公知のマイクロコンピュータを中心に構成され、エンジン12の駆動制御に関連する種々の機器に対する駆動制御を行う。かかるエンジン制御装置60は、走行モードがREモード(第2の走行モード)にされると、エンジン制御モードをスタンバイモードとする。また、エンジン制御装置60は、走行モードがEVモード(第1の走行モード)にされると、エンジン制御モードをスリープモードとする。
走行制御装置100は、例えば、公知のマイクロコンピュータを中心に構成された制御ユニットである。かかる走行制御装置100は、運転者によるアクセルペダルの操作量等に基づいて駆動モータ30の要求トルクを算出する。走行制御装置100は、算出した要求トルクに基づいて駆動系のインバータ20の制御を実行し、駆動モータ30により所望の駆動力を発生させる。
次に、本実施形態にかかる走行制御装置100による制御方法について説明する。図3〜図5は、本実施形態にかかる制御処理を示すフローチャートである。このうち、図3は、イグニッションスイッチがオフとなっている間に実行される処理を示すフローチャートである。また、図4〜図5は、イグニッションスイッチがオンとなっている間に実行される処理を示すフローチャートである。
まず、図3を参照して、イグニッションスイッチがオフとなっている間に実行される処理について説明する。かかる制御処理は、走行モードをREモードからEVモードへと切り替えるための判定処理である。まず、ステップS50において、走行モード切替部160は、イグニッションスイッチがオフの状態か否かを判別する。イグニッションスイッチがオンの場合(S50:No)、走行モードをREモードからEVモードに切り替えることはないため、そのままEVモード切替判定処理を終了する。
次に、図4〜図5を参照して、イグニッションスイッチがオンとなっている間に実行される処理について説明する。まず、イグニッションスイッチがオンにされると、ステップS10において、走行モード切替部160は、現在の走行モードがEVモードか否かを判別する。現在の走行モードがREモードである場合(S10:No)、イグニッションスイッチがオンの間は走行モードがREモードで維持されるため、REモードの処理を行うステップS18に進む。
次に、本実施形態にかかる走行制御装置100によって走行制御処理が実行される場合の、走行モードの切り替え時期及び二次電池40の残存容量SOCの推移について、タイムチャートに基づき説明する。図6は、外部充電装置に接続される前であっても二次電池の残存容量SOCによって走行モードが切り替えられる場合の例を示すタイムチャートである。図7は、本実施形態にかかる走行制御装置100により走行モードの切り替えを行う場合の例を示すタイムチャートである。
12 エンジン
14 発電装置
16 発電系インバータ
20 駆動系インバータ
30 駆動モータ
40 二次電池
50 駆動軸
60 エンジン制御装置(エンジンECU)
72 水素タンク
74 燃料電池
90 充電器コントローラ
100 走行制御装置(ECU)
120 SOC検出部
140 外部充電検出部
160 走行モード切替部
170 発電モード切替部
Claims (4)
- エンジンの動力により発電を行う発電装置を停止した状態で駆動モータの駆動力によって走行する第1の走行モードと、前記発電装置により発電しながら前記駆動モータの駆動力によって走行する第2の走行モードと、を切替可能な車両の制御装置において、
前記駆動モータに電力を供給する二次電池の残存容量を検出する残存容量検出部と、
前記残存容量に基づいて走行モードを前記第1の走行モードから前記第2の走行モードに切り替え、外部充電されたことに基づいて走行モードを前記第2の走行モードから前記第1の走行モードに切り替える走行モード切替部と、を備え、
前記走行モード切替部は、前記走行モードが前記第1の走行モードから前記第2の走行モードに切り替えられたときに、エンジン制御モードを、前記エンジンの駆動制御に関連する機器を起動させて前記エンジンを速やかに始動可能な状態で維持させるスタンバイモードに切り替え、前記走行モードが前記第1の走行モードの間は、前記エンジン制御モードを、前記エンジンの停止中における前記スタンバイモードよりも電力消費の小さいスリープモードに維持する、車両の制御装置。 - 前記第2の走行モード中に、前記残存容量が所定の下限判定閾値未満になってから所定の上限判定閾値以上になるまでの期間、前記発電装置により発電させる発電実行モードとし、前記残存容量が前記上限判定閾値以上になってから前記下限判定閾値未満になるまでの期間、前記発電装置の発電を停止させる発電停止モードとする発電モード切替部を備える、請求項1に記載の車両の制御装置。
- 前記スタンバイモードは、前記エンジンのクランク角度の監視、燃料圧送ポンプの駆動、グロープラグへの通電、センサ起動、及びヒータ通電のうちの少なくとも一つの処理を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の車両の制御装置。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載された制御装置と、
車両を駆動する駆動モータと、
前記駆動モータに電力を供給する二次電池と、
前記駆動モータ及び前記二次電池の少なくとも一方に供給する電力を発電する発電装置と、
を備える、車両。
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