JP5935219B2 - ビグアニド誘導体化合物 - Google Patents
ビグアニド誘導体化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5935219B2 JP5935219B2 JP2012546927A JP2012546927A JP5935219B2 JP 5935219 B2 JP5935219 B2 JP 5935219B2 JP 2012546927 A JP2012546927 A JP 2012546927A JP 2012546927 A JP2012546927 A JP 2012546927A JP 5935219 B2 JP5935219 B2 JP 5935219B2
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- disease
- halogen atom
- alkyl group
- alkyl
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 20
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
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- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D241/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D241/24—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D241/26—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D241/28—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms in which said hetero-bound carbon atoms have double bonds to oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms
- C07D241/34—(Amino-pyrazine carbonamido) guanidines
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
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- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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Description
従って、本発明は、神経変性疾患等に関与しているNMDA受容体及びASIC1aの両者を同時に阻害し、種々の神経系疾患の予防及び治療に有用な新たな化合物を提供することを課題とする。
[1] 一般式(1)
で表されるビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物。
[2] R1が、炭素数1〜8のアルキル基;ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよい炭素数6〜14のアリール基;又はハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[1]記載のビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物。
[3] R1が、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[1]又は[2]記載のビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物。
[4] [1]〜[3]のいずれか1項記載の化合物を含有する医薬。
[5] [1]〜[3]のいずれか1項記載の化合物、及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物。
[6] 神経変性疾患予防治療薬である[4]又は[5]記載の医薬又は医薬組成物。
[7] 神経変性疾患が、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病又はハンチントン病である[6]記載の医薬又は医薬組成物。
[8] 神経変性疾患予防治療のための、[1]〜[3]のいずれか1項記載の化合物。
[9] 神経変性疾患が、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病又はハンチントン病である[8]記載の化合物。
[10] 神経変性疾患予防治療薬製造のための、一般式(1)
で表されるビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物の使用。
[11] R1が、炭素数1〜8のアルキル基;ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよい炭素数6〜14のアリール基;又はハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[10]記載の使用。
[12] R1が、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[10]又は[11]記載の使用。
[13] 神経変性疾患が、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病又はハンチントン病である[12]記載の使用。
[14] 一般式(1)
で表されるビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物を投与することを特徴とする、神経変性疾患の予防治療方法。
[15] R1が、炭素数1〜8のアルキル基;ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよい炭素数6〜14のアリール基;又はハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[14]記載の方法。
[16] R1が、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である[14]又は[15]記載の方法。
一般式(1)中、X1はハロゲン原子を示す。該ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられ、このうち塩素原子が好ましい。
3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジン−2−カルボヒドラジド(101mg、0.5mmol)、1−[(2−フェニルエチル)]−3−シアノグアニジン(94mg、0.5mmol)、エタノール(2mL)及び5NHCl(0.1mL、0.5mmol)の混合物を18時間撹拌加熱還流した。冷却後、濾過して沈殿物を除去し、濾液を減圧濃縮した。残渣にメタノール(2mL)及び5M NaOMeのメタノール溶液(0.2mL)を加えてアルカリ性にした。混合物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーに付し、CHCl3;メタノール:25%NH4OH(100:40:4)で溶出し、1−(3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジンアミド)−5−[2−(フェニルエチル)ビグアニド(化合物1)を黄色アモルファス粉末を得た(120mg、収率62%)。
13C-NMR(125MHz DMSO-d6)δ:36.59, 43.44, 114.42, 118.32, 127.35, 129.56, 130.03, 140.80, 153.81, 155.36, 158.23, 161.60, 163.42.
HR-FAB-MS m/z:391.1510[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H20 35ClN10O:391.1509), 393.1478[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H20 37ClN10O:393.1480).
1−[(2−フェニルエチル)]−3−シアノグアニジンの代わりに、1−[2−(4−クロロフェニル)エチル]−3−シアノグアニジンを用いて、実施例1と同様にして、1−(3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジンアミド)−5−[2−(4−クロロフェニル)エチル]ビグアニド(化合物2)を黄色アモルファス粉末として得た(86mg、収率40%)。
13C-NMR(125MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:35.73, 43.27, 113.99, 118.54, 129.47, 131.95, 132.03,139.73, 154.00, 155.50, 158.39, 161.92, 164.51.
HRMS(FAB) m/z: Calcd for C15H19 35Cl2N10O:425.1119(M+1). Found:425.1116(M+1)+. Calcd for C15H19 35Cl37ClN10O:427.1090(M+1). Found:427.1094(M+1)+. Calcd for C15H19 37Cl2N10O:429.1060(M+1). Found:429.1107(M+1)+.
1−[(2−フェニルエチル)]−3−シアノグアニジンの代わりに、1−[2−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)エチル]−3−シアノグアニジンを用いて、実施例1と同様にして、1−(3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジンアミド)−5−[2−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)エチル]ビグアニド(化合物3)を黄色アモルファス粉末として得た(144mg、収率63%)。
13C-NMR(125MHz DMSO-d6)δ:35.45, 42.98, 113.97, 118.48, 129.99, 130.62, 131.61, 132.06, 132.14, 142.10, 153.96, 155.47, 158.38, 161.57,164.28.
HR-FAB-MS m/z:459.0735[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H18 35Cl3N10O:459.0729), 461.0736[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H18 35Cl2 37ClN10O:461.0700), 463.0711[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H18 35Cl37Cl2N10O:463.0671), 465.0660[M+H]+(Calcd for C15H18 37Cl3N10O:465.0641).
1−[(2−フェニルエチル)]−3−シアノグアニジンの代わりに、1−[3−(4−クロロフェニル)プロピル]−3−シアノグアニジンを用いて、実施例1と同様にして、1−(3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジンアミド)−5−[3−(4−クロロフェニル)プロピル]ビグアニド(化合物4)を黄色アモルファス粉末として得た(135mg、収率61%)。
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6+ D2O, 500MHz,)δ:1.76 (2H, quintet, J=7.5 Hz), 2.61 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 3.13 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 3.11 (2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 7.25 (2H, d, J=7.5 Hz), 7.32 (2H, d, J=7.5 Hz).
13C-NMR(DMSO-d6,125 MHz)δ:32.0,32.98,41.31,114.13,118.42,129.46,131.48,131.60,142.01,153.91,155.43,158.61,161.76,164.10.
HR-FAB-MS m/z: 439.1276 [M+H]+ (Calcd for C16H21 35Cl2N10O: 439.1276),
441.1244 [M+H]+ (Calcd for C16H21 35Cl37ClN10O: 441.1246), 443.1284 [M+H]+ (Calcd for C16H21 37Cl2N10O: 443.1217).
1−[(2−フェニルエチル)]−3−シアノグアニジンの代わりに、1−[2−(3−トリフルオロメチルフェニル)エチル]−3−シアノグアニジンを用いて、実施例1と同様にして、1−(3,5−ジアミノ−6−クロロピラジンアミド)−5−[2−(3−トリフルオロメチルフェニル)エチル]ビグアニド(化合物5)を黄色アモルファス粉末として得た(135mg、収率59%)。
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6 +D2O, 500MHz,) δ:2.90 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 3.39 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 7.53-7.64 (4H, m).
13C-NMR(DMSO-d6, 125MHz) δ:36.36,40.96,115.02,118.05, (124.09,124.12 or 124.1,d,JC-F=3.8Hz),(124.56,126.73,128.89,129.94 or 127.81,q,JC-F=271.0Hz),(126.59,126.62 or 126.0,d,JC-F=3.8Hz), (129.94,130.18,130.43,130.68 or 130.30,q,JC-F=31.27Hz), 130.58,134.36,142.49,153.64,155.20,157.98,161.39,162.56.
HR-FAB-MS m/z: 459.1382 [M+H]+ (Calcd for C16H19 35ClF3N10O: 459.1383), 461.1371 [M+H]+ (Calcd for C16H19 37ClN10O: 461.1353).
実施例1〜5と同様にして、表1に示す化合物を得た。
本発明化合物がNMDA受容体に及ぼす影響を二電極膜電位固定法(Voltage Clamp法)により測定した。
(1)NMDA受容体を発現させたアフリカツメガエルの卵母細胞の準備
卵母細胞の発現試験例のスキームを図1に示す。この方法は、益子らの方法(Masuko T.et al.,Mol.Pharmacol.,55:957−969(1999);Masuko T.et al.,Nuerosci.Lett.,371:30−33(2004);Masuko T.et al.,Chem.Pharm.Bull.,53(4):444−447(2005))に従って行うことができる。卵母細胞には、NMDA受容体のNR1サブユニット及びNR2サブユニットのcRNAを1:5の割合(NR1が0.1−4ng、NR2が0.5−20ng)で注入し、NMDA受容体を発現した卵母細胞を得た。
(2)この卵母細胞を培地(96mM NaCl,2 mM KCl,1mM MgCl2,1.8mM CaCl2,5mM Na−HEPES,2.5mMピルビン酸ナトリウム、50mg/mLゲンタマイシン、pH=7.5)中で1〜3日間19℃で培養した。
測定日には、卵母細胞中にK+−BAPTAを注入した後、記録用バッファー(96mM NaCl,2mM KCl,1.8mM BaCl2,10mM Na−HEPES,pH=7.5)を用いて後述の二電極膜電位固定法により受容体の活性を測定した。
尚、NR1には1種類、NR2にはNR2A〜NR2Dの4種類の遺伝子が存在し、NMDA受容体にはNR1/NR2A,NR1/NR2B,NR1/NR2C,NR1/NR2Dのサブタイプがあるが、脳内においてはNR1/NR2Aが最も広く発現していると考えられているため、以下の試験では、NR1/NR2Aに対する活性阻害効果を測定した。
二電極膜電位固定法は、益子らの方法(Masuko T.et al.,Nuerosci.Lett.,371:30−33(2004))に従った。二電極電位固定用増幅器CEZ−1250(日本光電)を用いて卵母細胞の膜全体を通過する電流を測定した。電極に3Mの塩化カリウムを満たし、抵抗は0.4−4MΩとした。また、測定の際は、NMDA受容体のアゴニストとしてグルタミン酸とグリシンを添加した。
(4)上記方法により得られた卵母細胞に、種々の濃度の化合物を添加し、固定電位をVh=−70mV(静止膜電位)とし、NR1/NR2Aに対する活性阻害効果を測定した。
(5)対照化合物としてメマンチン及びアミロライドを使用して、同様に測定した。例数4〜5の卵母細胞から得た値の平均値±S.E.M.を測定値とし、これらの結果から求められたIC50の値を表2に示す。
本発明化合物がASIC1aに及ぼす影響を二電極膜電位固定法(Voltage Clamp法)により測定した。
HEK293細胞からRNeasy Protect Mini Kit(QIAGEN)を用いて、total RNAを調製した。次に、High Fidelity RNA PCR kit(TAKARA)を用いて、first strand cDNAを合成し、このfirst strand cDNAを鋳型としてPCR法を行った。PCRのプライマーはsense;ATGGAACTGAAGGCCGAGGAG(配列番号1)とantisense;TCAGCAGGTAAAGTCCTCGAACGT(配列番号2)を用い、反応条件は、95℃30秒、55℃30秒、72℃90秒を1サイクルとし、30サイクル行った。PCR産物はPCR2.1ベクターに挿入させ、さらにpcDNA3.1(−)ベクターにサブクローニングした。BamHI酵素で直鎖化されたASIC1a プラスミドからmMessage mMachine Kits(Ambion)を用いて、capped cRNAを合成した。ASIC1aをコードするcapped cRNAを卵母細胞に10ngずつ注入し、培地(96mM NaCl,2mM KCl,1mM MgCl2,1.8mM CaCl2,5mM Na−HEPES,2.5mMピルビン酸ナトリウム、50mg/mLゲンタマイシン、pH=7.5)中で19℃で2〜3日間インキュベーションした。
(2)ASIC1aの活性測定は標準的な細胞外溶液(96mM NaCl,2mM KCl,1.8mM CaCl2,1mM MgCl2,10mM MES or 5mM Na−HEPES)を用い、pH=7.5からpH=6.0に変化させることにより誘発された電流量を二電極膜電位固定法により測定した。
(3)試験例1と同様にして、例数4〜5の卵母細胞を用いて得られた結果からIC50を求めた。その結果を表2に示す。
SH−SY5Yを用いて細胞毒性試験を行った。この試験においても対照化合物としてメマンチン及びアミロライドを使用した。
SH−SY5Y神経芽細胞腫細胞系をAmerican Type Culture Collectionより購入した。細胞は、ペニシリン(100U/mL)、ストレプトマイシン(100U/mL)、及び非働化ウシ胎児血清(Gibco)を加えた培地で培養した。細胞は37℃のCO2インキュベーター内に維持され、空気95%とCO2 5%の条件に保たれた。
アラマーブルーアッセイ
未分化SH−SY5Y細胞にさまざまな濃度の化合物1、2、3を24時間暴露した。アラマーブルーのストック溶液は96穴のウエルプレートに移され、最終アッセイボリュームが100μL/wellとなるようにし、アラマーブルーの最終濃度を10%とした。6時間後、還元されたアラマーブルーを波長570nmで測定した。生存率(%)は、薬物無添加の細胞のミトコンドリアの呼吸活性を100%とし、化合物1、2、3を24時間暴露した細胞の呼吸活性を相対値で表した。呼吸活性が50%になったときの化合物1、2、3の濃度をIC50とし、表2に示す。
表2から明らかなように、本発明化合物は、アミロライド及びメマンチンに比べて強力にNMDA受容体及びASIC1aを阻害した。またその細胞毒性は、弱かった。
Claims (7)
- R1が、炭素数1〜8のアルキル基;ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよい炭素数6〜14のアリール基;又はハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である請求項1記載のビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物。
- R1が、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基及びC1-6ハロゲノアルキル基から選ばれる1〜3個が置換していてもよいC6-14アリール−C1-4アルキル基である請求項1又は2記載のビグアニド誘導体、その塩又はそれらの水和物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の化合物を含有する医薬。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の化合物、及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物。
- 神経変性疾患予防治療薬である請求項4又は5記載の医薬又は医薬組成物。
- 神経変性疾患が、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病又はハンチントン病である請求項6記載の医薬又は医薬組成物。
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US2753354A (en) * | 1954-06-22 | 1956-07-03 | Pfizer & Co C | Isonicotinoylaminobiguanide |
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JP2008222603A (ja) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-25 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 神経変性疾患の予防・治療剤 |
WO2008124496A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-16 | Parion Sciences, Inc. | Method of treating acid-sensing ion channel mediated pain, cough, and central nervous system disorders |
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US2753354A (en) * | 1954-06-22 | 1956-07-03 | Pfizer & Co C | Isonicotinoylaminobiguanide |
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JP2008222603A (ja) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-25 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 神経変性疾患の予防・治療剤 |
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